Bioresorbable Scaffolds for Below-the-Knee Arterial Disease: A Literature Review of New Developments.

This review aimed to explore the therapeutic effect of bioabsorbable stents in the inferior genicular artery, from the emergence of absorbable bare metal stents to the latest technology in polymer and anti-proliferative eluting drugs mixed with coated bioresorbable vascular stents (BVSs). Currently, there are conflicting data regarding the safety and effectiveness of BVSs in infrapopliteal artery interventions, especially compared to the current generation of drug-eluting stents (DESs). This review will cover the existing data on BVSs in reconstructing the infrapopliteal arterial blood flow and active clinical trials for future iterations of BVSs.

Successfully saving a child with destuctive iliac artery damage by hybrid surgery.

Non-iatrogenic trauma of the iliac artery is rarely reported but is always life-threatening. In this report, we describe the case of a child with complete transection and partial disappearance of the iliac artery caused by bicycle handlebar impalement. He experienced catastrophic hemorrhage, malignant arrhythmia, and difficulty in exploring transected vessel stumps.

Internal valvuloplasty combined with sleeve wrapping in the treatment of severe great saphenous vein insufficiency: A report of two cases.

Background: Great saphenous vein (GSV) valve incompetence is one of the most common manifestations of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) in the lower limbs. There have been no reported attempts to repair the valve prior to the appearance of varicose morphology.

Method: We describe two cases.

Sprayed Oil-Water Microdroplets as a Hydrogen Source.

Liquid water provides the largest hydrogen reservoir on the earth's surface. Direct utilization of water as a source of hydrogen atoms and molecules is fundamental to the evolution of the ecosystem and industry. However, liquid water is an unfavorable electron donor for forming these hydrogen species owing to its redox inertness.

Evaluation of metagenomic and pathogen-targeted next-generation sequencing for diagnosis of meningitis and encephalitis in adults: A multicenter prospective observational cohort study in China.

Background: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) might aid in the identification of causal pathogens. However, the optimal approaches applied to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for detection are unclear, and studies evaluating the application of different NGS workflows for the diagnosis of intracranial infections are limited.

Methods: In this multicenter, prospective observational cohort study, we described the diagnostic efficacy of pathogen-targeted NGS (ptNGS) and metagenomic NGS (mNGS) compared to that of composite microbiologic assays, for infectious meningitis/encephalitis (M/E).

The Efficacy of Drug-Coated Balloons and Drug-Eluting Stents in Infrapopliteal Revascularization: A Meta-analysis.

Objective: The study aimed to compare the effectiveness of drug-coated balloon (DCB) and drug-eluting stents (DESs) to standard endovascular techniques like percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and bare metal stent (BMS) for treating infrapopliteal artery disease.

Methods: Including 8 DCB trials and 4 DES trials, this meta-analysis of 12 recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is comprehensive. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Science of Web, Cochrane, and PubMed for this meta-analysis.

Unique case of pelvic congestion syndrome caused by a new communication branch of the portal-vena cava system.

Congenital portosystemic shunt (CPS) is a developmental anomaly of the portal vein system. The disease can cause blood from the portal vein to flow into the vena cava, resulting in various atypical clinical manifestations. Pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS) caused by CPS is particularly rare.

Proximal right subclavian artery aneurysms: A case report and review of the literature.

Background: Subclavian aneurysms are rare in clinic; right subclavian artery aneurysms (SAAs) are more common than left SAAs in clinical practice. Although the causes and methods of treating subclavian aneurysms have been studied, it is still unknown how they form naturally.

Objective: While describing the uncommon subclavian aneurysm, examine the pertinent literature to discuss its etiology and treatment outcomes, and offer some recommendations for this patient's treatment plan.

Embolization of a duplicated femoral vein for treatment of lower extremity deep venous insufficiency: A case report.

Background: Lower extremity deep venous insufficiency (DVI) occurs secondary to structural or functional abnormalities of deep venous valves in the affected extremities. The effectiveness of surgical treatment for improvement of the hemodynamic status in these patients remains controversial in clinical practice.

Method: In this case report, we describe a patient who presented with severe right lower extremity edema and liposclerosis and underwent venography, which suggested a variation in the number of femoral veins.

Methodology for Large-Scale Camera Positioning to Enable Intelligent Self-Configuration.

The development of a self-configuring method for efficiently locating moving targets indoors could enable extraordinary advances in the control of industrial automatic production equipment. Being interactively connected, cameras that constitute a network represent a promising visual system for wireless positioning, with the ultimate goal of replacing or enhancing conventional sensors. Developing a highly efficient algorithm for collaborating cameras in the network is of particular interest.

Prevention of Deep Vein Thrombosis by Panax Notoginseng Saponins Combined with Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin in Surgical Patients.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prevention among real-world surgical inpatients who received panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) combined with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH).

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted among surgical patients between January 2016 and November 2018 in Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Participants received LMWH alone or PNS combined with LMWH for preventing DVT.

Next-Generation Sequencing Technology Combined With Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction as a Powerful Detection and Semiquantitative Method for Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 in Adult Encephalitis: A Case Report.

Background: Traditional testing for specific microbes or categories of central nervous system (CNS) infectious diseases is often limited in sensitivity and timeliness. However, failure to initiate a timely etiological diagnosis and corresponding treatment in patients with neurologic infections contribute to poor outcomes.

Case Summary: A 58 year-old male presented acutely with fever, abnormal mental behavior, seizures and decreased consciousness.

Adsorption of BiOBr microspheres to rhodamine B and its influence on photocatalytic reaction.

Adsorption and its influence are often neglected during photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. To call attention to these issues, a novel bismuth oxybromide (BiOBr) microsphere with hierarchical flower-like structure was fabricated through a facile hydrothermal process using polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as additive in this work, and then the adsorption of the BiOBr microspheres to RhB and its influence on the photocatalytic degradation of RhB were investigated in detail. Experimental results show that the BiOBr microspheres have a very strong adsorption capacity to RhB.

Stigma, Social Cohesion, and HIV Risk Among Sexual and Gender Minorities in Two Cities in Zimbabwe.

Though stigma is a recognized contributor to the disproportionate HIV burden among sexual and gender minorities (SGM) in sub-Saharan Africa, data describing this association among Zimbabwean SGM are limited. We examined relationships between SGM stigma and HIV and the potential for social cohesion to moderate the association among Zimbabwean men who have sex with men, transgender women, and genderqueer individuals. Consenting participants (n = 1511) recruited through respondent-driven sampling for a biobehavioral survey in Harare and Bulawayo completed structured interviews and received HIV testing.

HIV care cascade and associated factors among men who have sex with men, transgender women, and genderqueer individuals in Zimbabwe: findings from a biobehavioural survey using respondent-driven sampling.

Background: Globally, men who have sex with men (MSM), transgender women, and genderqueer individuals are at greater risk for HIV than the general population although little data are available from these groups in Zimbabwe, a country with a national adult HIV prevalence of 12·9%. We aimed to examine progress towards the UNAIDS 90-90-90 treatment targets and factors associated with meeting the targets among a sample of MSM, transgender women, and genderqueer individuals in Zimbabwe.

Methods: In this cross-sectional survey in 2019, we used respondent-driven sampling to identify MSM, transgender women, and genderqueer individuals aged at least 18 years to participate in a biobehavioural survey in Harare and Bulawayo, Zimbabwe.

Engagement in the pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) cascade among a respondent-driven sample of sexually active men who have sex with men and transgender women during early PrEP implementation in Zimbabwe.

Introduction: Zimbabwe is scaling up pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for key populations, including men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW). To assess implementation and inform HIV programming, we evaluated gaps in PrEP awareness, uptake and use, and correlates of awareness and uptake among a sample of MSM, TGW and genderqueer individuals (GQ) in Harare and Bulawayo, Zimbabwe.

Methods: Respondent-driven sampling was used to recruit 1194 MSM and 344 TGW/GQ aged ≥18 to participate in a cross-sectional survey assessing HIV-related outcomes in 2019.

Assessing the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model to Predict Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Adherence Among Black Men Who have Sex with Men and Transgender Women in a Community Setting in New York City.

The Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) Model has been used to understand adherence to medications and intentions to uptake pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent HIV infection. In the current study, the IMB Model was used to understand factors that predict adherence to PrEP among a community-based cohort of 204 Black men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW) using structural equation modeling. PrEP motivation was directly associated with PrEP behavioral skills (β = 0.

Key determinants of misdiagnosis of tracheobronchial tuberculosis among senile patients in contemporary clinical practice: A retrospective analysis.

Background: Tracheobronchial tuberculosis (TBTB) is a common subtype of pulmonary tuberculosis. Concomitant diseases often obscure the diagnosis of senile TBTB.

Aim: To characterize senile patients with TBTB and to identify the potential causes of misdiagnosis.

High Burden of Active Syphilis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Syphilis Coinfection Among Men Who Have Sex With Men, Transwomen, and Genderqueer Individuals in Zimbabwe.

Background: Syphilis increases human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition risk and impacts the immunologic and virologic response among people living with HIV (PLHIV). We assessed the prevalence of active or current syphilis and HIV/syphilis and their correlates among men who have sex with men (MSM), transwomen, and genderqueer (TGW/GQ) individuals in Zimbabwe.

Methods: Among a respondent-driven sample of MSM and TGW/GQ who were tested for HIV and syphilis in Harare and Bulawayo, Zimbabwe in 2019 (n = 1511), multiple logistic regression was used to assess correlates of active syphilis.

Similarities and differences in peripheral artery disease between China and Western countries.

Objective: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) affects more than 200 million people worldwide, among whom more than two-thirds reside in low- and middle-income countries. China, as the largest low- and middle-income country, faces a challenge from the burden of PAD as the country undergoes economic expansion. We compared the patterns of PAD between China and Western countries to determine if there are differences in risk factors, awareness, or treatment of PAD.

Internal valvuloplasty combined with sleeve wrapping in the treatment of severe deep venous incompetence: A case report.

Background: The main cause of severe chronic venous insufficiency is deep venous incompetence. Deep venous reconstructive surgeries are reserved for cases that do not show a good response to conservative therapies.

Method: We present the case of a 68-year-old man presenting with swelling, pain, and pigmentation in his left lower limb for 14 years and ulcers for 10 years.

Life in the Balance: Young Female Sex Workers in Kenya Weigh the Risks of COVID-19 and HIV.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had serious health, economic and psychosocial consequences. Marginalized populations including female sex workers face the stark choice of risking exposure to SARS-CoV-2 as they engage with clients or prioritizing their health at the cost of losing a primary source of income. As part of an ongoing open-label, randomized controlled trial providing daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis and adherence support, we interviewed 193 of 200 enrolled young female sex workers (18-24 years) in Kisumu, Kenya, about COVID-19 awareness and precautions, access to health services, and sex work during Kenya's pandemic-related lockdown.