Causal Inference and Annotation of Phosphoproteomics Data in Multi-omics Cancer Studies.

Protein phosphorylation plays a crucial role in regulating diverse biological processes. Perturbations in protein phosphorylation are closely associated with downstream pathway dysfunctions, while alterations in protein expression could serve as sensitive indicators of pathological status. However, there are currently few methods that can accurately identify the regulatory links between protein phosphorylation and expression, given issues like reverse causation and confounders.

A highly sensitive fluorescence biosensor based on polylysine functionalized quantum dots for serum GDF-15 detection.

Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is a stress-responsive cytokine that increases in tissue injury and inflammatory states. The circulation level of GDF-15 is firmly correlated with cardiovascular diseases. Herein, we constructed a novel quantum dot-based fluorescent immunosensor for the sensitive detection of serum GDF-15.

Gualou Xiebai Banxia Decoction suppresses cardiomyocyte apoptosis in mice after myocardial infarction through activation of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Cardiac apoptosis has been reported to be involved in the development of Heart failure (HF) after Myocardial infarction (MI). As a traditional Chinese medicine with cardioprotective properties, Gualou Xiebai Banxia Decoction (GXBD) is therapeutically effective in treating MI. However, whether GXBD regulates cardiac apoptosis in HF after MI remains unknown, and the underlying mechanisms still unclear.

Exploring the Role of Inflammatory Genes and Immune Infiltration in Vestibular Schwannomas Pathogenesis.

Background: Vestibular schwannomas (VSs) exhibit a range of tumor behaviors, such as growth patterns and auditory dysfunction. Recent research has offered insights into the inflammatory microenvironment in modulating tumor dynamics. This study investigates the role of inflammatory genes and immune infiltration in VS pathogenesis.

Taohong siwu decoction suppresses oxidative stress-induced myocardial apoptosis post-myocardial infarction by inhibiting PTEN pathway.

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is an important factor inducing mortality globally. Apoptosis and oxidative stress have been identified as major drivers for MI development. Anti-apoptosis therapies exhibit promising effects in protecting against MI.

Impact of calcium-reinforcement on stability, bioavailability, and bioactivity of quercetin-loaded zein/alginate-pectin nanoparticles.

Background: Cationic calcium ions can crosslink anionic alginate and pectin molecules. It was hypothesized that calcium crosslinking would improve the stability and functionality of biopolymer nanoparticles consisting of zein cores coated by alginate-pectin shells. The effects of calcium ion addition on the structural, physicochemical, and gastrointestinal properties of quercetin-loaded zein/alginate-pectin nanoparticles were therefore investigated.

Establishment of a UPLC-MS method for quantitative analysis of tryptophan-kynurenine metabolism in IBS-D model rats.

Background and Aims Abnormalities in tryptophan (TRP) metabolism induce abdominal pain and intestinal motility disorders. The study of TRP metabolism in diarrhea-predominant-irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is important for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of this disease. In this study, a rapid and reliable ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) method was established to quantify tryptophan-kynurenine (TRP-Kyn) metabolism in the colon of a rat model with IBS-D.

Supertough MXene/Sodium Alginate Composite Fiber Felts Integrated with Outstanding Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and Heating Properties.

The development of multifunctional MXene-based fabrics for smart textiles and portable devices has garnered significant attention. However, very limited studies have focused on their structure design and associated mechanical properties. Here, the supertough MXene fiber felts composed of MXene/sodium alginate (SA) fibers were fabricated.

Caffeic acid mitigates myocardial fibrosis and improves heart function in post-myocardial infarction by inhibiting transforming growth factor-β receptor 1 signaling pathways.

Myocardial fibrosis is a pathological, physiological change that results from alterations, such as inflammation and metabolic dysfunction, after myocardial infarction (MI). Excessive fibrosis can cause cardiac dysfunction, ventricular remodeling, and heart failure. Caffeic acid (CA), a natural polyphenolic acid in various foods, has cardioprotective effects.

Performance verification of a biochemical detection system for hydrothorax and ascites and clinical diagnostic accuracy evaluation of exudate and tuberculous effusion.

Background: Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total protein (TP) and glucose (Glu) in pleural hydrothorax and ascites can be used in the diagnosis of exudate, and adenosine deaminase (ADA) can be used in the diagnosis of tuberculous effusion. However, the manufacturers do not claim that their biochemical reagents can be used to detect hydrothorax and ascites samples. Therefore, medical laboratories must conduct suitability studies on biochemical reagents for hydrothorax and ascites samples to comply with regulatory requirements for humor detection.

Causal mediation analysis with a three-dimensional image mediator.

Causal mediation analysis is increasingly abundant in biology, psychology, and epidemiology studies and so forth. In particular, with the advent of the big data era, the issue of high-dimensional mediators is becoming more prevalent. In neuroscience, with the widespread application of magnetic resonance technology in the field of brain imaging, studies on image being a mediator emerged.

Salvia miltiorrhiza suppresses cardiomyocyte ferroptosis after myocardial infarction by activating Nrf2 signaling.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ferroptosis, a recently identified non-apoptotic form of cell death reliant on iron, is distinguished by an escalation in lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are iron-dependent. This phenomenon has a strong correlation with irregularities in iron metabolism and lipid peroxidation. Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (DS), a medicinal herb frequently utilized in China, is highly esteemed for its therapeutic effectiveness in enhancing blood circulation and ameliorating blood stasis, particularly during the treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).

Comparative analysis of codon usage patterns in the chloroplast genomes of nine forage legumes.

Unlabelled: is one of the three largest families of angiosperms after and . It is widely distributed and grows in a variety of environments, including plains, mountains, deserts, forests, grasslands, and even waters where almost all legumes can be found. It is one of the most important sources of starch, protein and oil in the food of mankind and also an important source of high-quality forage material for animals, which has important economic significance.

Fluorescence detecting glycopeptide antibiotics via a dynamic molecular switch.

Background: Glycopeptide antibiotics (GPAs) represented by vancomycin (VAN) are clinically used as a first-line treatment for serious infections caused by Gram-positive pathogens. The use and dosing methods of GPAs are rigorously managed for safety considerations, which calls for fast and accurate quantification approaches.

Result: A new sort of fluorescent probes for GPAs has been proposed, each of which was integrated by a fluorescein-based reporter and a GPAs' recognition peptide D-alanyl-D-alanine (D-Ala-D-Ala).

Danggui Shaoyao San protects cyclophosphamide-induced premature ovarian failure by inhibiting apoptosis and oxidative stress through the regulation of the SIRT1/p53 signaling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: It has been reported that apoptosis and oxidative stress are related to cyclophosphamide (CYC)-induced premature ovarian failure (POF). Therefore, anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative stress treatments exhibit therapeutic efficacy in CYC-induced POF. Danggui Shaoyao San (DSS), which has been extensively used to treat gynecologic diseases, is found to inhibit apoptosis and reduce oxidative stress.

Genomic Characterization of Co-Producing KPC-2 and NDM-5 Carbapenemases Isolated from Intensive Care Unit in a Chinese Hospital.

Around the world, carbapenemase-producing is becoming more prevalent. The purpose of this research was to analyze the whole plasmid sequences from YL03 isolates of the strain that produce both KPC-2 and NDM-5 carbapenemases. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and analysis of strain YL03, which was isolated from a wound sample, was performed by Illumina Novaseq 6000 and Pacific Biosciences Sequel (PacBio, Menlo Park, CA) sequencers.

20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 exerts anti-fibrotic effect after myocardial infarction by alleviation of fibroblasts proliferation and collagen deposition through TGFBR1 signaling pathways.

Background: Myocardial fibrosis post-myocardial infarction (MI) can induce maladaptive cardiac remodeling as well as heart failure. Although 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3) has been applied to cardiovascular diseases, its efficacy and specific molecular mechanism in myocardial fibrosis are largely unknown. Herein, we aimed to explore whether TGFBR1 signaling was involved in Rg3's anti-fibrotic effect post-MI.

Buyang Huanwu Decoction suppresses cardiac inflammation and fibrosis in mice after myocardial infarction through inhibition of the TLR4 signalling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: It has been reported that cardiac inflammation and fibrosis participate in the development of heart failure (HF) following myocardial infarction (MI). Anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic treatments exhibit therapeutic efficacy in MI. Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD) has cardioprotective properties.

Ferrostatin-1 suppresses cardiomyocyte ferroptosis after myocardial infarction by activating Nrf2 signaling.

Objectives: Ferroptosis, a new regulated cell death pathway, plays a crucial part in the development of cardiovascular disease. However, the precise underlying mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate this.

Oxytocin is not associated with postpartum hemorrhage in labor augmentation in a retrospective cohort study in the United States.

Background: Previous studies reported conflicting results on the relationship between oxytocin use for labor augmentation and the risk of postpartum hemorrhage, probably because it is rather challenging to disentangle oxytocin use from labor dystocia.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the independent association between oxytocin use for augmentation and the risk of postpartum hemorrhage by using advanced statistical modeling to control for labor patterns and other covariates.

Study Design: We used data from 20,899 term, cephalic, singleton pregnancies of patients with spontaneous onset of labor and no previous cesarean delivery from Intermountain Healthcare in Utah in the Consortium on Safe Labor.

Development of an ultrasensitive sandwich immunoassay for detecting small molecule semicarbazide.

Ultrasensitive sandwich immunoassays for detecting the small molecule semicarbazide (SEM) were developed based on derivatization. Several SEM derivatizing agents were synthesized by linking o-nitrobenzaldehyde (NBA) and biotin with dihydroxyalkanes (different lengths), which were then used to evaluate the distance effect of two epitopes. Sandwich ELISA for SEM derivatives was developed using an anti-SEM-NBA antibody and horseradish peroxidase-labeled avidin or anti-biotin antibody as a secondary conjugate.

Causal effect estimation for multivariate continuous treatments.

Causal inference is widely used in various fields, such as biology, psychology, and economics, etc. In observational studies, balancing the covariates is an important step in estimating the causal effect. This study extends the one-dimensional entropy balancing method to multiple dimensions to balance the covariates.

Wenqingyin suppresses ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced liver injury by activating the Nrf2-mediated signaling pathway.

Background: Wenqingyin (WQY) is a classic traditional Chinese medicine formula used to treat various inflammatory diseases. However, its protective activity against ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced liver injury and underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the therapeutic efficacy and potential mechanism of action of WQY in sepsis-induced liver injury both in vivo and in vitro.