[Live birth achieved by oocyte donation in a patient with 45,X/46,XY mixed gonadal dysgenesis: A case report and literature review].

Objective: To investigate the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of 45,X/46,XY mixed gonadal dysgenesis and the patients' clinical characteristics of conception, pregnancy and delivery, with purpose of improving the treatment and pregnancy management of the patients.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data on a pregnant patient with 45,X/46,XY mixed gonadal dysgenesis.

Results: Based on the findings of hypoplasia of secondary sexual characteristics, streak gonads, chromosome karyotype incompatibility with social sex, and chromosome aberration in the gonadal tissue, the patient was diagnosed with 45,X/46,XY mixed gonadal dysgenesis, received oocyte donation and intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer (ICSI-ET), and achieved a live birth.

A mouse model for X-linked Alport syndrome induced by Del-ATGG in the gene.

Alport syndrome (AS) is an inherited glomerular basement membrane (GBM) disease leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). X-linked AS (XLAS) is caused by pathogenic variants in the gene. Many pathogenic variants causing AS have been detected, but the genetic modifications and pathological alterations leading to ESRD have not been fully characterized.

Comparative Functional Analysis in vitro of 2 COL4A5 Splicing Mutations at the Same Site in 2 Unrelated Alport Syndrome Chinese Families.

X-linked Alport syndrome (XLAS) is a common hereditary nephropathy caused by COL4A5 gene mutations. To date, many splice site mutations have been described but few have been functionally analyzed to verify the exact splicing effects that contribute to disease pathogenesis. Here, we accidentally discovered 2 COL4A5 gene splicing mutations affecting the same residue (c.

The COL4A3 and COL4A4 Digenic Mutations in cis Result in Benign Familial Hematuria in a Large Chinese Family.

Mutations in the COL4A5 gene result in X-linked Alport syndrome, homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in COL4A3 or COL4A4 are responsible for autosomal recessive Alport syndrome, and heterozygous mutations in COL4A3 or COL4A4 cause autosomal dominant Alport syndrome or benign familial hematuria. Recently, the existence of a digenic inheritance in Alport syndrome has been demonstrated. We here report heterozygous COL4A3 and COL4A4 digenic mutations in cis responsible for benign familial hematuria.

Three Novel Heterozygous COL4A4 Mutations Result in Three Different Collagen Type IV Kidney Disease Phenotypes.

Thin basement membrane nephropathy (TBMN), autosomal dominant Alport syndrome (ADAS), and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) are kidney diseases that differ in clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Nevertheless, they may result from the same causative genes. Here, we report 3 COL4A4 heterozygous mutations (p.

Novel mutations in COL4A3, COL4A4, and COL4A5 in Chinese patients with Alport Syndrome.

Alport syndrome (AS) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous, progressive nephropathy caused by mutations in COL4A3, COL4A4, and COL4A5, which encode type IV collagen. The large sizes of these genes and the absence of mutation hot spots have complicated mutational analysis by routine polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based approaches. Here, in order to design a rapid and effective method for the genetic diagnosis of AS, we developed a strategy by utilizing targeted capture associated with next-generation sequencing (NGS) to analyze COL4A3, COL4A4, and COL4A5 simultaneously in 20 AS patients.

A duplication upstream of SOX9 was not positively correlated with the SRY‑negative 46,XX testicular disorder of sex development: A case report and literature review.

The 46,XX male disorder of sex development (DSD) is rarely observed in humans. Patients with DSD are all male with testicular tissue differentiation. The mechanism of sex determination and differentiation remains to be elucidated.

A patient with unusual features and a 69.5 Mb duplication from a de novo extra der (9): a case report.

Partial trisomy 9 is a common autosomal trisomy, which is characterized by non-specific psychomotor delay, mental retardation and moderately abnormal characteristic facial features. Generally, partial trisomy 9 leads to variable phenotypes depending on the size and position of the duplicated region. However, a precise genotype/phenotype map has not been determined.

46,XX testicular disorder of sexual development with SRY-negative caused by some unidentified mechanisms: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: 46,XX testicular disorder of sex development is a rare genetic syndrome, characterized by a complete or partial mismatch between genetic sex and phenotypic sex, which results in infertility because of the absence of the azoospermia factor region in the long arm of Y chromosome.

Case Presentation: We report a case of a 14-year-old male with microorchidism and mild bilateral gynecomastia who referred to our hospital because of abnormal gender characteristics. The patient was treated for congenital scrotal type hypospadias at the age of 4 years.

A novel P20R mutation in the alpha-B crystallin gene causes autosomal dominant congenital posterior polar cataracts in a Chinese family.

Background: To identify the genetic defects and investigate the possible mechanism of cataract genesis in a five-generation family with autosomal dominant congenital posterior polar cataracts.

Methods: Clinical data were collected, and the lens phenotypes of the affected members in this family were recorded by slit lamp photography. Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood using QIAamp DNA Blood Mini Kits.

Clinical, molecular and cytogenetic analysis of 46, XX testicular disorder of sex development with SRY-positive.

Background: To review the possible mechanisms proposed to explain the etiology of 46, XX sex reversal by investigating the clinical characteristics and their relationships with chromosomal karyotype and the SRY(sex-determining region Y)gene.

Methods: Five untreated 46, XX patients with SRY-positive were referred for infertility. Clinical data were collected, and Karyotype analysis of G-banding in lymphocytes and Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were performed.

Polymorphisms in estrogen receptors predict the risk of male infertility: a meta-analysis.

Background: Estrogen receptors play an important role in mediating estrogen action on target tissues, and the estrogen is relevant to male infertility. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in estrogen receptors may be associated with the risk of male infertility. A variety of case control studies have been published evaluating this association.

A novel COL4A1 gene mutation results in autosomal dominant non-syndromic congenital cataract in a Chinese family.

Background: Almost one-third of congenital cataracts are primarily autosomal dominant disorders, which are also called autosomal dominant congenital cataract, resulting in blindness and clouding of the lens. The purpose of this study was to identify the disease-causing mutation in a Chinese family affected by bilateral, autosomal dominant congenital cataract.

Methods: The detection of candidate gene mutation and the linkage analysis of microsatellite markers were performed for the known candidate genes.

A novel p. Gly630Ser mutation of COL2A1 in a Chinese family with presentations of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease or avascular necrosis of the femoral head.

Objective: Mutations in the type II collagen gene are associated with certain human disorders, collectively termed type II collagenopathies. They include Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) and avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH). These two diseases are skeletal dysplasias, inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion, characterized by groin pain, dislocation of the hip and diminished joint mobility.

A novel mild variant of osteogenesis imperfecta type I caused by a Gly1088Glu mutation in COL1A1.

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), also known as brittle bone disease, characterized by multiplicative osteopsathyrosis, blue sclera, dentinogenesis imperfecta and mild audition, is a rare inherited connective tissue disease. There are seven types of OI, I to VII, among which type I-IV are relatively common and associated with type I collagen. Defects in type I collagen synthesis or structure are responsible for the majority of clinical OI cases since collagen is the major matrix protein of all connective tissues.

A parthenogenetic maternal and double paternal contribution to an ovotesticular disorder of sex development.

Background: An ovotesticular disorder of sex development (OT-DSD) was rarely found in human. The mechanism causing such condition is poorly understood. We hereby reported a 11-year-old child with OT-DSD and a karyotype 46,XX/46,XY, a single maternal and double paternal genetic contribution to the patient.

[Detection of DPY19L2 gene mutation in a globozoospermia patient].

Objective: Globozoospermia is mostly associated with homozygous deletion of the DPY19L2 gene. This study aimed to investigate the DPY19L2 gene mutation in a globozoospermia patient.

Methods: We observed the sperm histomorphology of a patient with globozoospermia using Wright-Giemsa's staining and transmission electron microscopy, detected the mutation of the DPY19L2 gene by PCR amplification and DNA sequencing, and compared the findings with the sequences issued in the Genbank.

Novel mutations of ABCB6 associated with autosomal dominant dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria.

Objective: Dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria (DUH) is a rare heterogeneous pigmentary genodermatosis, which was first described in 1933. The genetic cause has recently been discovered by the discovery of mutations in ABCB6. Here we investigated a Chinese family with typical features of autosomal dominant DUH and 3 unrelated patients with sporadic DUH.

[Cigarette smoking affects sperm plasma membrane integrity].

Objective: To detect sperm plasma membrane integrity (PMI) of cigarette smoking infertile males using SYBR-14/ PI fluorescent staining and flow cytometry and investigate its clinical significance.

Methods: We collected semen samples from 132 cigarette smoking infertile men and 70 normal fertile controls, the former divided into a heavy-smoker group (> 20 cigarettes a day, n = 68) and a light-smoker group (< or = 20 cigarettes a day, n = 64). We performed computer-assisted semen analysis of the semen samples, and determined sperm PMI by flow cytometry after rinsing with PBS and staining by SYBR-14/PI, the sperm with normal PMI indicated as the percentage of those emitting green fluorescence (SYBR-14+/PI- %), dead sperm as the percentage of those emitting red (SYBR-14-/PI+), and moribund sperm as the percentage of those emitting both green and red (SYBR-14+/PI+).

[Meiotic analysis of spermatogenic cells in severe oligoasthenoteratozoospermia with chromosome 13 rearrangement].

Objective: To explore the possible mechanisms of spermatogenic arrest in severe oligoasthenoteratozoospermia induced by supernumerary, ring-neocentric 13q12.3 --> 13q22 chromosome and reciprocal deletion.

Methods: We performed a genomic-wide high-density oaCGH analysis for a case of oligoasthenoteratozoospermia with abnormal chromosome 13 to characterize the breakpoints of the chromosome involved or the gene deletion caused by the rearrangement.

[Protective effect of L-carnitine combined with sildenafil on the reproductive endocrine function of diabetic male rats].

Objective: To investigate the protective effect of L-carnitine (LC) combined with sildenafil on the reproductive endocrine function of male rats with diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: A total of 40 male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups, group A taken as normal controls, and groups B, C, D and E made into DM models by injection of streptozotocin at 65 mg/kg. Then the rats in groups A and B were treated with normal saline, C with sildenafil at 5 mg per kg per d, D with LC at 300 mg per kg per d, and E with sildenafil at 5 mg per kg per d plus LC at 300 mg per kg per d, all via gastric gavage for 6 weeks, followed by determination of the levels of testosterone (T), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in the serum of the rats.

[Ureaplasma urealyticum infection affects sperm plasma membrane integrity in infertile men].

Objective: To determine the impact of Ureaplasma urealyticum (Uu) infection on the integrity of sperm plasma membrane in infertile males.

Methods: Sixty-three semen samples were divided into a Uu infection group (n = 32) and a normal control group (n = 31). Conventional semen analyses were performed by computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) and Uu detected by the culture method.

[Application of Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man to medical genetics].

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM, http://omim. org/) is a comprehensive, authoritative, practical and timely knowledgebase of human genes and genetic disorders. OMIM, as a genetic encyclopedia, provides an easy and straightforward access to information on human genetics to students, researchers and clinicians.