ChatGPT failed Taiwan's Family Medicine Board Exam.

Background: Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT), OpenAI Limited Partnership, San Francisco, CA, USA is an artificial intelligence language model gaining popularity because of its large database and ability to interpret and respond to various queries. Although it has been tested by researchers in different fields, its performance varies depending on the domain. We aimed to further test its ability in the medical field.

Performance of ChatGPT on the pharmacist licensing examination in Taiwan.

Background: ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence model trained for conversations. ChatGPT has been widely applied in general medical education and cardiology, but its application in pharmacy has been lacking. This study examined the accuracy of ChatGPT on the Taiwanese Pharmacist Licensing Examination and investigated its potential role in pharmacy education.

Response of Vicia faba to short-term uranium exposure: chelating and antioxidant system changes in roots.

Uranium (U) phytotoxicity is an inherently difficult problem in the phytoremediation of U-contaminated environments. Plant chelating and antioxidant systems play an authoritative role in resistance to abiotic stress. To reveal the toxicity of U, the changes of chelating system, osmoregulatory substances and antioxidant systems in Vicia faba roots were studied after short-term (24 h) U exposure.

Potentially inappropriate medication in long-term care wards of a veteran hospital in Taiwan: Investigation using a spreadsheet-based rapid assessment tool.

Background: Multimorbidity and polypharmacy increase in the aging population and are accompanied by the use of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) and adverse drug events (ADEs). This study developed a rapid assessment tool to investigate PIM use among patients in long-term care wards.

Methods: We retrospectively collected the data of patients in long-term care wards of a veteran hospital in Taiwan between July 2019 and June 2020.

Blockade of Discoidin Domain Receptor 2 as a Strategy for Reducing Inflammation and Joint Destruction in Rheumatoid Arthritis Via Altered Interleukin-15 and Dkk-1 Signaling in Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes.

Objective: This study was undertaken to uncover the pathophysiologic role of discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR-2), a putative fibrillar collagen receptor, in inflammation promotion and joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: In synovial tissue from patients with RA and from mice with collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) (using Ddr2 and DBA/1 mice), gene and protein expression levels of DDR-2, interleukin-15 (IL-15), and Dkk-1 were measured by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Gene knockdown of DDR2 in human RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) was conducted via small interfering RNA.

Large pelvic mass arising from the cervical stump: A case report.

Background: A large cervical cyst with a cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion arising from the cervical stump is rare. After supracervical hysterectomy, there is a risk of various lesions occurring in the cervical stump. We review the types and characteristics of cervical stump lesions and compare total hysterectomy with subtotal hysterectomy.

Activation of the NF-κB Pathway and Heterozygous Deletion of TNFAIP3 (A20) Confer Superior Survival in Extranodal Natural Killer/T-Cell Lymphoma, Nasal Type.

Objectives: To investigate the role of TNFAIP3 deletions and NF-κB activation in extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL), nasal type.

Methods: In total, 138 patients with ENKTCL were included. Activation of NF-κB pathway and expression of TNFAIP3 (A20) were examined by immunohistochemistry.

Metastasis-Associated Protein 1 Deficiency Results in Compromised Pulmonary Alveolar Capillary Angiogenesis in Mice.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) deficiency during angiogenesis of pulmonary alveolar capillaries in mice and to determine the molecular mechanisms involved. MATERIAL AND METHODS The expressions of MTA1, CD34, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and HIF-1α were analyzed in the lungs of MTA1-knockout (KO) and wild-type mice at embryonic day 18.5 and 2 months by quantitative PCR, immunoblotting, and immunohistochemistry.

The progression of CD56 myeloid sarcoma: A case report and literature review.

The current study presents a case of cluster of differentiation (CD)56 myeloid sarcoma in a patient that initially presented with skin lesions, and provides evidence for the clinical and differential diagnosis of myeloid sarcoma. The patient of the present case report was a 65-year-old man who was admitted to hospital with a six-month history of bilateral purple-red papules and nodules, which were present on the upper limbs of the patient and had spread over his whole body one month prior to admission to the hospital. Pathological examination demonstrated a diffuse infusion of primitive round cells at the papillary dermis and subcutaneous tissues.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts promote the progression of endometrial cancer via the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis.

Background: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are believed to play an essential role in cancer initiation and development. However, little research has been undertaken to evaluate the role of CAFs in endometrial cancer (EC) progression. We aim to detect the functional contributions of CAFs to promote progression of EC.

Elevated growth differentiation factor 15 expression predicts poor prognosis in epithelial ovarian cancer patients.

The purpose of this study was to determine the expression of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) and explore its clinical significance in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients. The expression of GDF15 in EOC tissues and serum samples was evaluated using immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. The association of GDF15 expression with clinicopathologic parameters was analyzed.

The 6-item Kessler psychological distress scale to survey serious mental illness among Chinese undergraduates: Psychometric properties and prevalence estimate.

Objective: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the 6-item Kessler psychological distress scale (K6) in screening for serious mental illness (SMI) among undergraduates in a major comprehensive university in China.

Method: The K6 was self-completed by 8289 randomly sampled participants. A group of them (n=222) were re-assessed using K6 and interviewed using the Chinese version of Composite International Diagnostic Interview 3.

In vitro fertilization complicated by rupture of tubo-ovarian abscess during pregnancy.

Objective: Pelvic abscess during pregnancy is an uncommon complication, but can lead to adverse perinatal outcomes during pregnancy.

Case Report: We present a patient who developed rupture of a tubo-ovarian abscess during pregnancy following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Thirty-eight reported cases are reviewed, and transvaginal oocyte retrieval, genital tract infections, endometrioma, and previous pelvic surgery are considered as risk factors for pelvic abscess during pregnancy.

Contrast-enhanced MRI in preoperative assessment of myometrial and cervical invasion, and lymph node metastasis: diagnostic value and error analysis in endometrial carcinoma.

Objective: To determine the ability of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging to predict myometrial invasion, cervical invasion, and pelvic lymph node metastasis in endometrial carcinoma and to analyze factors that lead to errors in this identification.

Design: A retrospective study.

Setting: University general hospital.

Histone deacetylase inhibitor reduces hypertrophic scarring in a rabbit ear model.

Background: Hypertrophic scars result from excessive collagen deposition at sites of healing dermal wounds and could be functionally and cosmetically problematic. The authors tested the ability of the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A to reduce hypertrophic scar formation in a rabbit ear model.

Methods: The authors have developed a reliable rabbit model that results in hypertrophic scarring.

Interleukin-17 plays a critical role in the acute rejection of intestinal transplantation.

Aim: To investigate the role of interleukin (IL)-17 in small bowel allograft rejection.

Methods: We detected the expression of helper T cell 17 (Th17) cells in biopsy specimens from 3 cases of living small bowel transplantation in our department through immunofluorescence stain. We then established a rat heterotopic small bowel transplantation model.

[Effect of IL-17 on collagen I/III expression in cardiac fibroblasts isolated from BALB/c mice].

Aim: To investigate the effect of IL-17 on the expression of collagen I/III in cardiac fibroblasts and analyze its molecular mechanism.

Methods: Cardiac fibroblasts were isolated from 7-14-day-old BALB/c mice and cultured in DMEM with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). The cells were collected after IL-17 treatment for 0, 24, 48, 72 h.

[Release of HMGB1 by LPS-treated cardiac fibroblasts and its contribution to the production of collagen type I and III].

Aim: To investigate whether cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) treated by LPS can actively secrete high-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) and to analyze the correlation between HMGB1 releasing and the accumulation of collagen type I , III .

Methods: CFs were isolated from the heart of 7-14-day-old BALB/c mice and cultured in DMEM with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). We collected the CFs and cell supernatants after treated by LPS for 0, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 h, respectively.

[Clinicalpathological characteristics of Lynch syndrome related epithelial ovarian cancer].

Objective: To explore the clinical pathological characteristics of Lynch syndrome associated ovarian cancer.

Methods: Totally 260 cases ovarian cancer patients were admitted to Tianjin Medical University General Hospital during Jan. 2004 and Jan.

Trichostatin A inhibits collagen synthesis and induces apoptosis in keloid fibroblasts.

Keloid, a fibro-proliferative benign tumor of skin, is characterized by an enriched milieu of growth factors and an abundant accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM). Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 is well known as the crucial fibrogenic cytokine promoting ECM production and tissue fibrosis in keloid forming. Epigenetic modifications have been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of cancer as well as autoimmune and inflammatory disorders.

Primary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma in the clival region: a case report and literature review.

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare and low-grade vascular tumor, which usually occurs in the soft tissue, liver, breast, lung and skeleton. Here we submit a case with EHE of the clival region. A 58-year-old woman was admitted with a medical history of 3 months headache and 1 month visual deterioration.

Malignant solitary fibrous tumor arising from the pineal region: case study and literature review.

We report a case of malignant solitary fibrous tumor involving the pineal region in a 49-year-old woman. The patient presented with headache, slowly progressive weakness of the right lower extremities and upgaze palsy over the past year. Histologically, the tumor was composed of moderately hypercellular proliferated spindle cells with eosinophilic collagen bands.