Implications of the accumulation of CXCR5 NK cells in lymph nodes of HIV-1 infected patients.

Background: B cell follicles are immune-privileged sites where intensive HIV-1 replication and latency occur, preventing a permanent cure. Recent study showed that CXCR5 NK cells in B cell follicles can inhibit SIV replication in African green monkeys, but this has not been reported in HIV-1 infected patients.

Methods: Lymphocytes and tissue sections of lymph node were collected from 11 HIV-1 positive antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive and 19 HIV-1 negative donors.

Spiking Correlation Analysis of Synchronous Spikes Evoked by Acupuncture Mechanical Stimulus.

Acupuncturing the ST36 acupoint can evoke the response of the sensory nervous system, which is translated into output electrical signals in the spinal dorsal root. Neural response activities, especially synchronous spike events, evoked by different acupuncture manipulations have remarkable differences. In order to identify these network collaborative activities, we analyze the underlying spike correlation in the synchronous spike event.

Effects of topologies on signal propagation in feedforward networks.

We systematically investigate the effects of topologies on signal propagation in feedforward networks (FFNs) based on the FitzHugh-Nagumo neuron model. FFNs with different topological structures are constructed with same number of both in-degrees and out-degrees in each layer and given the same input signal. The propagation of firing patterns and firing rates are found to be affected by the distribution of neuron connections in the FFNs.

Propagation of spiking regularity and double coherence resonance in feedforward networks.

We investigate the propagation of spiking regularity in noisy feedforward networks (FFNs) based on FitzHugh-Nagumo neuron model systematically. It is found that noise could modulate the transmission of firing rate and spiking regularity. Noise-induced synchronization and synfire-enhanced coherence resonance are also observed when signals propagate in noisy multilayer networks.

Characterizing electrical signals evoked by acupuncture through complex network mapping: a new perspective on acupuncture.

The electrical signals are obtained in spinal dorsal root after different manipulations of acupuncture (MA) being taken at the 'Zusanli' point of the experiment rats. After combining the analysis of the data generated from neuronal network model and that evoked by acupuncture, it is found that features of neuronal chaotic rate time series induced by periodic stimuli can be characterized by complex network approach. The features of signals evoked by MA 'nb' 'nx' (twisting) and MA 'tb' 'tx' (lifting and thrusting) are shown to be different according to the topologies of the mapped networks.

Vibrational resonance in feedforward network.

This paper investigates vibrational resonance in multi-layer feedforward network (FFN) based on FitzHugh-Nagumo (FHN) neuron model. High-frequency stimuli can improve the input-output linearity of firing rates, especially for the inputs with low firing rate. For FFN network, it is found that high-frequency disturbances play important roles in enhancing the propagation of weak signal through layers.