Mendelian randomization analysis reveals causal effects of blood lipidome on gestational diabetes mellitus.

Background: Observational studies have revealed associations between maternal lipid metabolites and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, whether these associations are causal remain uncertain.

Objective: To evaluate the causal relationship between lipid metabolites and GDM.

Mercury-Mediated Epitaxial Accumulation of Au Atoms for Stained Hydrogel-Improved Mercury Monitoring.

Trivalent Au ions are easily reduced to be zerovalent atoms by coexisting reductant reagents, resulting in the subsequent accumulation of Au atoms and formation of plasmonic nanostructures. In the absence of stabilizers or presence of weak stabilizers, aggregative growth of Au nanoparticles (NPs) always occurs, and unregular multidimensional Au materials are consequently constructed. Herein, the addition of nanomole-level mercury ions can efficiently prevent the epitaxial accumulation of Au atoms, and separated Au NPs with mediated morphologies and superior plasmonic characteristics are obtained.

Association Between Nasal Colonization of and Eczema of Multiple Body Sites.

Purpose: is the critical pathogenic bacterium of eczema. The relationship between nasal colonization by and eczema has not been well studied. We aimed to evaluate the associations between nasal colonization by and eczema of multiple body sites, including persistent and ever-reported eczema.

Control of grain size in rice by TGW3 phosphorylation of OsIAA10 through potentiation of OsIAA10-OsARF4-mediated auxin signaling.

Grain size is a key component of grain yield and quality in crops. Several core players of auxin signaling have been revealed to modulate grain size; however, to date, few genetically defined pathways have been reported, and whether phosphorylation could boost degradation of Aux/IAA proteins is uncertain. Here, we show that TGW3 (also called OsGSK5) interacts with and phosphorylates OsIAA10.

Lipolysis and gestational diabetes mellitus onset: a case-cohort genome-wide association study in Chinese.

Background: Genetic knowledge of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Chinese women is quite limited. This study aimed to identify the risk factors and mechanism of GDM at the genetic level in a Chinese population.

Methods: We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) based on single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array genotyping (ASA-CHIA Bead chip, Illumina) and a case-cohort study design.

Corrigendum: Accelerating Decreases in the Incidences of Hepatocellular Carcinoma at a Younger Age in Shanghai Are Associated With Hepatitis B Virus Vaccination.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.

Accelerating Decreases in the Incidences of Hepatocellular Carcinoma at a Younger Age in Shanghai Are Associated With Hepatitis B Virus Vaccination.

Background: Routine vaccination of infants for protecting against hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and its serious consequences, including hepatocellular cancer (HCC), has been carried out in Shanghai, China, since 1986. We therefore have examined the trend of HBV infection and HCC incidences before and after HBV vaccination over decades to assess the potential influences of the Shanghai HBV vaccination program.

Methods: Data on incidences of HBV infection and HCC were collected from the Shanghai Cancer Registry and the Shanghai HBV vaccination follow-up study.

Effect of treatments on skin microbiota in patients with atopic dermatitis: a protocol for systematic review.

Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease and skin microbiota dysbiosis shows an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. Effects of treatment on skin microbiota for patients with AD have been evaluated in recent years; however, the results remained controversial across studies. This systematic review will summarise studies evaluating the effect of treatments on skin microbiota among patients with AD.

Verification and dissection of one quantitative trait locus for grain size and weight on chromosome 1 in rice.

Grain size and weight are the key traits determining rice quality and yield and are mainly controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTL). In this study, one minor QTL that was previously mapped in the marker interval of JD1009-JD1019 using the Huanghuazhan/Jizi1560 (HHZ/JZ1560) recombinant inbred line (RIL) population, qTGW1-2, was validated to regulate grain size and weight across four rice-growing seasons using twenty-one near isogenic line (NIL)-F populations. The twenty-one populations were in two types of genetic background that were derived from the same parents HHZ and JZ1560.

Association between Human Genetic Variants and the Vaginal Bacteriome of Pregnant Women.

The influence of human genetic variants on the vaginal bacterial traits (VBTs) of pregnant women is still unknown. Using a genome-wide association approach based on the 16S rRNA bacteriome analysis, a total of 72 host genetic variant (single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs], indels, or copy number variations [CNVs])-VBT associations were found that reached the genome-wide significance level ( < 5 × 10) with an acceptable genomic inflation factor λ of <1.1.

Overt and occult hepatitis B infection after neonatal vaccination: mother-to-infant transmission and HBV vaccine effectiveness.

Objectives: Overt and occult hepatitis B infection (HBI) among mothers and infants were investigated, and the effectiveness of vaccination against HBI was evaluated based on transmission types.

Methods: A hospital-based cohort was built with 2,734 mothers and 330 mother-infant pairs. Their demographic data were collected.

Identification of qLG2, qLG8, and qWG2 as novel quantitative trait loci for grain shape and the allelic analysis in cultivated rice.

Three novel QTLs for grain shape were genetically fine mapped, with two of which to a 250-kb target interval on rice chromosome 2 that contains fourteen candidate genes. Grain shape (grain length, width, and thickness) determines crop yield and grain quality. However, the trait is regulated by numerous naturally occurring quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown.

Immunogenicity of Hepatitis B Vaccine in Preterm or Low Birth Weight Infants: A Meta-Analysis.

Context: The study aims to quantitatively assess the immune response to hepatitis B vaccine in infants born preterm or with low birth weight.

Evidence Acquisition: In December 2018, a literature search was conducted in 4 databases without date restrictions. The pooled ORs, mean differences, and their corresponding 95% CIs were calculated with random-effects models using the DerSimonian-Laird estimator.

Genome-Wide Identification of QTLs for Grain Protein Content Based on Genotyping-by-Resequencing and Verification of in Rice.

To clarify the genetic mechanism underlying grain protein content (GPC) and to improve rice grain qualities, the mapping and cloning of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling the natural variation of GPC are very important. Based on genotyping-by-resequencing, a total of 14 QTLs were detected with the Huanghuazhan/Jizi1560 (HHZ/JZ1560) recombinant inbred line (RIL) population in 2016 and 2017. Seven of the fourteen QTLs were repeatedly identified across two years.

Natural variation at qHd1 affects heading date acceleration at high temperatures with pleiotropism for yield traits in rice.

Background: Rice is highly sensitive to temperature fluctuations. Recently, the frequent occurrence of high temperature stress has heavily influenced rice production. Proper heading date in specific environmental conditions could ensure high grain yield.

Rice Flowering Locus T 1 plays an important role in heading date influencing yield traits in rice.

Important role of flowering genes in enhancing grain productivity in rice has become well recognized for a number of key genes regulating the florigen production, but little has been known for the two florigen genes themselves. In this study, pleiotropism of Rice Flowering Locus T 1 (RFT1), one of the two florigen genes in rice, was firstly evaluated using near isogenic lines (NILs) carrying RFT1 alleles from the indica rice cultivars Zhenshan 97 (ZS97) and Milyang 46, respectively, and then determined by transformation of the RFT1 allele into a japonica rice variety, Zhonghua 11. The RFT1 allele was shown to delay heading and increase plant height, grain weight, grain number and grain yield, indicating that RFT1 plays an important role in the growth and development of rice.

Detection of QTLs for Yield Heterosis in Rice Using a RIL Population and Its Testcross Population.

Analysis of the genetic basis of yield heterosis in rice was conducted by quantitative trait locus mapping using a set of 204 recombinant inbred lines (RILs), its testcross population, and mid-parent heterosis dataset (H). A total of 39 QTLs for six yield traits were detected, of which three were detected in all the datasets, ten were common to the RIL and testcross populations, six were common to the testcross and H, and 17, 2, and 1 were detected for RILs, testcrosses, and H, respectively. When a QTL was detected in both the RIL and testcross populations, the difference between TQ and IR24 and that between Zh9A/TQ and Zh9A/IR24 were always in the same direction, providing the potential to increase the yield of hybrids by increasing the yield of parental lines.

Kirigami-based stretchable lithium-ion batteries.

We have produced stretchable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) using the concept of kirigami, i.e., a combination of folding and cutting.

Analysis of late toxicity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients treated with intensity modulated radiation therapy.

Purpose: To observe the late toxicities in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients who achieved long-term survival after intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT).

Methods: 208 untreated NPC patients who received IMRT and survived more than five years with locoregional disease control and no metastasis were evaluated in this study. The prescription dose to the gross target volume of nasopharynx (GTVnx), positive neck lymph nodes (GTVnd), clinical target volume 1 (CTV1) and 2 (CTV2) was 68Gy/30f, 60-66Gy/30f, 60 Gy/30f and 54Gy/30f, respectively.

Fine mapping of qHd1, a minor heading date QTL with pleiotropism for yield traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.).

A minor QTL for heading date located on the long arm of rice chromosome 1 was delimitated to a 95.0-kb region using near isogenic lines with sequential segregating regions. Heading date and grain yield are two key factors determining the commercial potential of a rice variety.

[Epidemiologic and genetic characteristics of hepatitis E virus in Shanghai, 1997-2012].

Objective: The aim of this study was to systemically analyze the epidemiologic, serological and genetic characteristics of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in Shanghai from 1997 to 2012.

Methods: We analyzed the data related to the epidemics of hepatitis E from China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. We implemented serological surveillance program, based on community healthy population with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method and estimated the standardized sero-prevalence.