Skin hyperspectral imaging and machine learning to accurately predict the muscular poly-unsaturated fatty acids contents in fish.

The polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are critical determinants of the nutritional quality of fish. To rapidly and non-destructively determine the muscular PUFAs in living fish, an accuracy technique is urgently needed. In this study, we combined skin hyperspectral imaging (HSI) and machine learning (ML) methods to assess the muscular PUFAs contents of common carp.

Prediction of high-temperature superconductors at ambient pressure with diamond-like structures: BCX (X = N, P).

In recent years, the superconducting properties of materials with diamond-like structures have attracted widespread attention. The superconducting transition temperature () of most diamond-like structures is relatively low, and there has been little research on the superconductivity of ternary diamond-like materials. Here, based on first-principles calculations, we predict BCX (X = N, P) with 31 space group, and reveal that they all exhibit phonon-mediated superconductivity at ambient pressure, with range from 44.

[Occurrence and Risk Assessment of -nitrosamines and Their Precursors in Qingjiang River Basin].

-nitrosamines are a type of nitrogen-containing organic pollutant with high carcinogenicity and mutagenicity. In the main drinking water sources of small and medium-sized towns in China, the contamination levels of -nitrosamines remain unclear. In addition, there is still lack of research on the concentration of -nitrosamines and their precursors in tributary rivers.

ErbB4 deficiency exacerbates olfactory dysfunction in an early-stage Alzheimer's disease mouse model.

Olfactory dysfunction is increasingly recognized as an early indicator of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aberrations in GABAergic function and the excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) balance within the olfactory bulb (OB) have been implicated in olfactory impairment during the initial stages of AD. While the neuregulin 1 (NRG1)/ErbB4 signaling pathway is known to regulate GABAergic transmission in the brain and is associated with various neuropsychiatric disorders, its specific role in early AD-related olfactory impairment remains incompletely understood.

Optimizing the Utilization of Steel Slag in Cement-Stabilized Base Layers: Insights from Freeze-Thaw and Fatigue Testing.

This paper presents a study on the mechanical properties of cement-stabilized steel-slag-based materials under freeze-thaw cycles for a highway project in Xinjiang. Using 3D scanning technology the specimen model conforming to the real steel slag shape was established. The objectives of the study are as follows: to explore the sensitivity between the macro- and micro-parameters of the specimen and to establish a non-linear regression equation; and to study the changes in mechanical properties of materials under freeze-thaw cycles, fatigue loading, and coupled freeze-thaw cycle-fatigue loading.

Yangonin, one of the kavalactones isolated from Piper methysticum G. Forst, acts through cannabinoid 1 (CB) receptors to induce an intrathecal anti-hyperalgesia.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Piper methysticum G. Forst (Piperaceae) is traditionally consumed in Polynesian culture. The roots are used to produce an entheogenic drink and traditional medicine with sedative and anxiolytic properties.

Superconductivity in Ca-intercalated bilayer graphene: CCaC.

The deposition and intercalation of metal atoms can induce superconductivity in monolayer and bilayer graphenes. For example, it has been experimentally proved that Li-deposited graphene is a superconductor with critical temperature of 5.9 K, Ca-intercalated bilayer graphene CCaC and K-intercalated epitaxial bilayer graphene CKC are superconductors with of 2-4 K and 3.

Identification of sedative-hypnotic compounds shared by five medicinal Polyporales mushrooms using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS-based untargeted metabolomics.

Background: Five Polyporales mushrooms, namely Amauroderma rugosum, Ganoderma lucidum, G. resinaceum, G. sinense and Trametes versicolor, are commonly used in China for managing insomnia.

Intrathecal injections of angiotensin IV and oxytocin conjugates induce antihyperalgesia and antiallodynia in both sexes of rats.

Our previous studies have established that intrathecal oxytocin (OT) and angiotensin IV (Ang IV) injections induce antihyperalgesia and antiallodynia in rodents. Ang IV, a renin-angiotensin system hexapeptide, acts as an endogenous inhibitor that inhibits the oxytocin-degrading enzyme insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP). The pain inhibitory effects by Ang IV were found to be through its inhibition on IRAP to potentiate the effect of OT.

Case Report: PROS1 (p.Leu584Arg) pathogenic mutation causes portal and superior mesenteric venous thromboembolism.

Background: Genetic and acquired risk factors are fundamental to developing venous thromboembolism. Autosomal dominant protein S deficiency caused by pathogenic mutations in the PROS1 gene is a well-known risk factor for thrombophilia.

Case Presentation: We report a 30-year-old male patient who presented to the hospital with portal vein thrombosis.

A tri-herb formulation protects against ethanol-induced mouse liver injury and downregulates mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1.

Background: A tri-herb formulation comprising Ganoderma (the dried fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum), Puerariae Thomsonii Radix (the dried root of Pueraria thomsonii) and Hoveniae Semen (the dried mature seed of Hovenia acerba) -GPH for short- has been using for treating liver injury; however, the pharmacological basis of this application of GPH is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the liver protective effects and mechanisms of action of an ethanolic extract of GPH (GPHE) in mice.

Methods: To control the quality of GPHE, the contents of ganodermanontriol, puerarin and kaempferol in the extract were quantified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography.

Superconductivity of monolayer functionalized biphenylene with Dirac cones.

Monolayer biphenylene is a new two-dimensional (2D) carbon allotrope, which has been experimentally synthesized and theoretically predicted to show superconductivity. In this work, we investigate functionalized biphenylene with the adsorption of Li. The superconducting critical temperature () can be pushed from 0.

Inhibition of STAT3 signaling contributes to the anti-melanoma effects of chrysoeriol.

Background: Melanoma is an aggressive malignancy with a high mortality rate. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), an oncoprotein, is considered as an effective target for treating melanoma. Chrysoeriol is a flavonoid compound, and possesses anti-tumor activity in lung cancer, breast cancer and multiple myeloma; while whether it has anti-melanoma effects is still not known.

Correlative factors of ocular surface lesions after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A retrospective study.

Background: Ocular graft-versus-host disease (oGVHD) is one of the complications after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), which impairs the quality of life and may indicate poor prognosis. In this retrospective study, the aim was to investigate the characteristics of ocular surface after HSCT, and analyze the risk factors related to the severity of ocular surface lesions.

Methods: 248 post-HSCT patients were enrolled in this retrospective study.

Inhibiting von Hippel‒Lindau protein-mediated Dishevelled ubiquitination protects against experimental parkinsonism.

Dopaminergic neuron degeneration is a hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD). We previously reported that the inactivation of von Hippel‒Lindau (VHL) alleviated dopaminergic neuron degeneration in a C. elegans model.

Corneal perforation associated with ocular graft-versus-host disease.

Corneal perforation is a rare and serious complication of ocular graft-versus-host disease (oGVHD) patients. This study was to retrospectively report seven corneal perforation patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Demographic, hematologic, and ophthalmological data of patients were clarified in detail.

Overexpression of alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 protects from asymmetric dimethylarginine-induced endothelial dysfunction and aortic remodeling.

Elevated plasma concentrations of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) are associated with an increased risk of mortality and adverse cardiovascular outcomes. ADMA can be metabolized by dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolases (DDAHs) and by alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 (AGXT2). Deletion of DDAH1 in mice leads to elevation of ADMA in plasma and increase in blood pressure, while overexpression of human DDAH1 is associated with a lower plasma ADMA concentration and protective cardiovascular effects.

Amelioration of TPA-induced skin inflammation by the leaf extract of Vernonia amygdalina involves ERK/STAT3 (Ser727) signaling inhibition.

Background: Uncontrolled inflammation causes health problems. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylates signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) at Ser727, resulting in inflammation. The leaf of Vernonia amygdalina (VA) is a medicinal herb for managing inflammation-associated diseases.

Urolithin A ameliorates obesity-induced metabolic cardiomyopathy in mice via mitophagy activation.

Metabolic cardiomyopathy (MC) is characterized by intracellular lipid accumulation and utilizing fatty acids as a foremost energy source, thereby leading to excess oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. There is no effective therapy available yet. In this study we investigated whether defective mitophagy contributed to MC and whether urolithin A (UA), a naturally occurring microflora-derived metabolite, could protect against MC in experimental obese mice.

Maternal exposure to cooking oil fumes during pregnancy and autistic-like behaviors in Chinese preschoolers.

There is growing evidence that cooking oil fumes (COFs) are harmful indoor air pollutants. However, there is a dearth of research investigating whether maternal COFs exposure during pregnancy may affect children's autistic-like behaviors in China. This study aimed to explore this association, and examine the effects of different cooking fuels and ventilation methods used by mothers on the presence of autistic-like behaviors.

Ginsenoside Rg3 in combination with artesunate overcomes sorafenib resistance in hepatoma cell and mouse models.

Background: Sorafenib is effective in treating hepatoma, but most patients develop resistance to it. STAT3 signaling has been implicated in sorafenib resistance. Artesunate (ART) and 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3) have anti-hepatoma effects and can inhibit STAT3 signaling in cancer cells.

Parent-child interactions in early life mediating association between prenatal maternal stress and autistic-like behaviors among preschoolers.

A range of studies have shown that prenatal maternal stress (PNMS) exposure is associated with offspring autistic-like behaviors, however the potential pathways remain unexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the mediating role of parent-child interactions in early life in the association between PNMS exposure and preschoolers' autistic-like behaviors. Data from 65,928 child-parent dyads were obtained via a primary caregiver-reported questionnaire administered as part of the Longhua Child Cohort Study.