African Schistosomiasis: A Framework of Indicators Assessing the Transmission Risk and Intervention Effectiveness.

Schistosomiasis, a parasitic disease with a complex transmission mechanism, requiring a snail intermediate host, is influenced by biology, the environment, human behavior and the prevailing socioeconomic situation. This study aimed to systematically investigate the importance and feasibility of indicators related to the factors influencing transmission and intervention measures for and . Based on a literature review and group discussions according to the Delphi method, a framework questionnaire was designed.

Schistosomiasis transmission in Zimbabwe: Modelling based on machine learning.

Zimbabwe, located in Southern Africa, faces a significant public health challenge due to schistosomiasis. We investigated this issue with emphasis on risk prediction of schistosomiasis for the entire population. To this end, we reviewed available data on schistosomiasis in Zimbabwe from a literature search covering the 1980-2022 period considering the potential impact of 26 environmental and socioeconomic variables obtained from public sources.

Strengthening capacity-building in malaria and schistosomiasis control under China-Africa cooperation: Assessing a case study of Burkina Faso.

Malaria and schistosomiasis are highly prevalent in Burkina Faso, whereas China has successfully eliminated malaria as well as schistosomiasis as a public health problem. To implement the China-Africa health cooperation initiative, a series of activities were launched since 2019 to enhance understanding and cooperation among malaria and schistosomiasis professionals in China and Burkina Faso. This study described the achievements of the First Virtual Symposium of China-Burkina Faso Cooperation on Schistosomiasis and Malaria Control.

Assessment of China's contributions to the Regional Network for Asian Schistosomiasis and Other Helminth Zoonoses: a questionnaire survey.

Background: The Regional Network for Asian Schistosomiasis and Other Helminth Zoonoses (RNAS) was established in 1998, which has developed close partnerships with Asian countries endemic for schistosomiasis and other helminthiasis in Asia. RNAS has provided an ideal regional platform for policy-makers, practitioners and researchers on the prevention, control and research of parasitic diseases in Asian countries. China, one of the initiating countries, has provided significant technical and financial support to the regional network.

Field Evaluation of a Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Platform for the Detection of Infection in Snails.

infection in snails can be monitored by microscopy or indirectly by sentinel mice. As both these approaches can miss infections, more sensitive tests are needed, particularly in low-level transmission settings. In this study, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technique, designed to detect a specific 28S ribosomal (Sj28S) gene with high sensitivity, was compared to microscopy using snail samples from 51 areas endemic for schistosomiasis in five Chinese provinces.

[Preparation of recombinant retrovirus pRevTRE-E77.43 and its protective effect in a mouse model of infection].

Objective: To explore the biological functions of E77.43, a gene segment of , in treating infection.

Methods: Recombinant retroviral vectors of pRevTREE77.

[Endemic status of schistosomiasis in People's Republic of China in 2016].

This report presents the endemic status of schistosomiasis in the People's Republic of China at national level in 2016, and analyzes the data collected from the national schistosomiasis prevention and control system and 454 national schistosomiasis surveillance sites. Among the 12 provinces (municipality and autonomous region) of endemic of schistosomiasis japonica in P. R.

Association between N-Acetyltransferase 2 Polymorphism and Bladder Cancer Risk: a Meta-Analysis in a Single Ethnic Group.

Background: Many studies have evaluated the correlation between N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) slow acetylation genotype and bladder cancer risk. However, the results are inconsistent and remain to be confirmed in each ethnic group. To assess the effects of NAT2 acetylation status on the risk of bladder cancer in the Chinese population, a meta-analysis was performed.

[Endemic status of schistosomiasis in People's Republic of China in 2015].

This report presented the endemic status of schistosomiasis in the People's Republic of China at a national level in 2015, and analyzed the data collected from the national schistosomiasis prevention and control system and 457 national schistosomiasis surveillance sites. Among the 12 provinces (municipality, autonomous region) endemic for schistosomiasis japonica in P. R.

[Research Progress on the Role of Small Non-coding RNA in Schistosoma Infection].

Small non-coding RNA controls the expression of target genes and is related with mRNA degradation, chromatin modification and genome stability. Recent studies showed that small non-coding RNA is not only associated with the incidence of schistosomiasis, but also acts as a potential biomarker. In this article, we will review the applications of small non-coding RNA in schistosomiasis diagnosis and its potential role in schistosome development and pathogenesis, in the aim to provide hints for developing detection methods and vaccines for schistosomiasis and for drug development.

[Establishment and application of monitoring and evaluation indicator framework for malaria elimination at province and county levels in China].

Objective: To establish a monitoring and evaluation indicator framework in the context of malaria elimination in pilot areas in China, so as to further assess the malaria elimination work in the future.

Methods: Based on the consultancy, and according to the government documents such as Action Plan for Malaria Elimination in China (2010-2020), Technical Guidance for Malaria Elimination, Programme Evaluation on Malaria Elimination, the indicators were set up at both provincial and county levels and their application was conducted in Yunnan and Anhui provinces to assess the accountability, accessibility and applicability.

Results: An indicator framework was built up including four key components, which were input, process, output and impact indicators, in which 95 were provincial indicators and 98 were county indicators.

[Risk assessment for malaria elimination in P. R. China].

Objective: To identify the risk area in China during the malaria elimination process, and provide the evidence for promotion of the national malaria elimination programme and implementation of elimination strategy.

Methods: Data collection was conducted in 24 endemic provinces in 2010, including data of transmission capacity, potential risk of malaria transmission and the capacity of health professional team at county level. Quantitative assessment of the malaria transmission risk as well as the capacity of health facilities were conducted based on the calculation of malaria transmission risk index (MTI) and health facilities capacity index (CI).

[Determination of key interventions for the transition from control to elimination of malaria in China].

Objective: To determine the key interventions transferring from the control to elimination of malaria in China so as to provide the basic information for achieving malaria elimination.

Methods: Based on the data collected from the document entitled of The National Annual Report on Schistosomiasis, Malaria and Echinococcosis, published by the National Institute of Parasitic Diseases of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the malaria incidence and intervention data were selected only in the typical endemic provinces during the period of 2004-2010. The correlation between the incidence and interventions in the target provinces was analyzed based on the Panel Data Regression Model, and the key interventions were determined.

[Design and implementation of command system for emergency events of parasitic diseases].

Based on the requirement analysis and functional design of the command system for parasitic disease outbreaks, the system was constructed by workflow technique, function modules and technical architecture. The command system was a multi-platform system, could achieve multiple functions, such as monitoring and early warning of parasitic diseases, emergency video communication, emergency dispatcher, and emergency management. The system can meet the needs in emergency events of parasitic diseases, and increase preparedness level.

Preparation for malaria resurgence in China: approach in risk assessment and rapid response.

With the shrinking of indigenous malaria cases and endemic areas in the People's Republic of China (P.R. China), imported malaria predominates over all reported cases accounting for more than 90% of the total.

Historical patterns of malaria transmission in China.

The historical patterns of malaria transmission in the People's Republic of China from 1949 to 2010 are presented in this chapter to illustrate the changes in epidemiological features and malaria burden during five decades. A significant reduction of malaria incidence has resulted in initiation of a national malaria elimination programme. However, challenges in malaria elimination have been identified.

[Endemic situation and control progress of taeniasis in western China].

Taeniasis, caused by Taenia species, is one of the common zoonoses in China, particularly in the western region of China. Up to now, not enough attention has been given in the high prevalence and high burden of the diseases. In order to study the endemic patterns and control strategies of taeniasis, a series of epidemiological investigations, molecular researches and pilot control activities have been conducted in recent years.

[Establishment of policy indicators of adaptation to the impact of climate change on the transmission of schistosomiasis and malaria in China].

Objective: To set up a framework of indicators for schistosomiasis and malaria to guide the formulation and evaluation of vector-borne disease control policies focusing on adaptation to the negative impact of climate change.

Methods: A 2-level indicator framework was set up on the basis of literature review, and Delphi method was applied to a total of 22 and 19 experts working on schistosomiasis and malaria, respectively. The result was analyzed to calculate the weight of various indicators.

Reduction patterns of acute schistosomiasis in the People's Republic of China.

Background: Despite significant, steady progress in schistosomiasis control in the People's Republic of China over the past 50 years, available data suggest that the disease has re-emerged with several outbreaks of acute infections in the early new century. In response, a new integrated strategy was introduced.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted between Jan 2005 and Dec 2012, to explore the effectiveness of a new integrated control strategy that was implemented by the national control program since 2004.

Potential schistosomiasis foci in China: a prospective study for schistosomiasis surveillance and response.

Schistosomiasis japonica was endemic in 12 provinces (including municipalities and autonomous regions) in the People's Republic of China (PR China). Despite the tremendous decrease of schistosomiasis incidence after almost 60 years of control, the distribution of snail-breeding sites has not been reduced significantly. In order to verify current transmission risks and identify the potential establishment of new foci of schistosomiasis driven by environmental changes, we conducted surveillance in selected risk areas of three provinces: Jiangsu, Anhui and Shandong from 2008 to 2010 in addition to routine snail surveillance.