Rapid and accurate quantification of trypsin activity using integrated infrared and ultraviolet spectroscopy with data fusion techniques.

Proteases play a crucial role in industrial enzyme formulations, with activity fluctuations significantly impacting product quality and yield. Therefore, developing a method for precise and rapid detection of protease activity is paramount. This study aimed to develop a rapid and accurate method for quantifying trypsin activity using integrated infrared (IR) and ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy combined with data fusion techniques.

Adaptability to the environment of protease by secondary structure changes and application to enzyme-selective hydrolysis.

The reactions involving enzymes are significantly influenced by various environmental factors. Clarity of how the activity and structure of proteases impact their function is crucial for more efficient application of enzymes as a tool. The impact of temperature, pH, and ionic strength on changes in protease activity, secondary structure, and protein conformation during enzymatic hydrolysis were investigated in this study.

Regulation and mechanism of enzyme metabolism in germinated hemp seeds by ultrasound combined with exogenous calcium chloride treatment.

γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays an important role in anti-anxiety by inhibiting neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS) of mammals, which is generated in the germinating seeds. The key enzymes activity of GABA metabolism pathway and nutrients content in hemp seeds during germination were studied after treated with ultrasound and CaCl. The mechanism of exogenous stress on key enzymes in GABA metabolism pathway was investigated by molecular dynamics simulation.

Association of prealbumin with short-term and long-term outcomes in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.

Background: Prealbumin is considered to be a useful indicator of nutritional status. Furthermore, it has been found to be associated with severities and prognosis of a range of diseases. However, limited data on the association of baseline prealbumin level with outcomes of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) are available.

Discrimination and quantification of volatile compounds in beer by FTIR combined with machine learning approaches.

The composition of volatile compounds in beer is crucial to the quality of beer. Herein, we identified 23 volatile compounds, namely, 12 esters, 4 alcohols, 5 acids, and 2 phenols, in nine different beer types using GC-MS. By performing PCA of the data of the flavor compounds, the different beer types were well discriminated.

A novel approach has been developed to produce pure plant-based gel soy yogurt by combining soy proteins (7S/11S), high pressure homogenization, and glycation reaction.

This research sought to examine how the physicochemical characteristics of soy globulins and different processing techniques influence the gel properties of soy yogurt. The goal was to improve these gel properties and rectify any texture issues in soy yogurt, ultimately aiming to produce premium-quality plant-based soy yogurt. In this research study, the investigation focused on examining the impact of 7S/11S, homogenization pressure, and glycation modified with glucose on the gel properties of soy yogurt.

A comprehensive evaluation of milk protein molecular weight distribution based on exclusion chromatography dataset.

Molecular weight is one of the main characteristic parameters of proteins, which is the basis for the functional properties of milk protein. This research aims at establishing molecular weight distribution pattern of milk protein based on exclusion chromatography. The method selected NaPO-NaSO (0.

N-acetylcysteine improves autism-like behavior by recovering autophagic deficiency and decreasing Notch-1/Hes-1 pathway activity.

N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has been reported to improve social interaction behavior, irritability, self-injury, and anxiety-like behavior in autism. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the therapeutic roles of NAC in autism remains unknown. This study mainly aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of NAC on valproic acid (VPA)-induced autism model and the underlying mechanisms.

Isolation, Purification, and Structural Characterization of Polysaccharides from and Their Anti-Tumor Bioactivity by Immunomodulation.

The activity of polysaccharides is usually related to molecular weight. The molecular weight of polysaccharides is critical to their immunological effect in cancer therapy. Herein, the polysaccharides of different molecular weights were isolated using ultrafiltration membranes of 60- and 100-wDa molecular weight cut-off to determine the relationship between molecular weight and antitumor activities.

Preparation of fat substitute based on maize starch hydrolysates and application in reduced-fat acidified milk gel.

Reduced-fat food has become a popular choice among contemporary consumers. This study aims to develop a starch-based fat substitute and incorporate it into reduced-fat milk gel acidified with glucono-δ-lactone (GDL) to achieve similar rheological properties as a full-fat gel. The gel properties of the fat substitute were assessed.

Purification and identification of xanthine oxidase inhibitory peptides from enzymatic hydrolysate of α-lactalbumin and bovine colostrum casein.

The development of food-derived Xanthine Oxidase (XO) inhibitors is critical to the treatment of hyperuricemia and oxidative stress-related disease. Few studies report on milk protein hydrolysates' XO inhibitory activity, with the mechanism of their interaction remaining elusive. Here, different commercial enzymes were used to hydrolyze α-lactalbumin and bovine colostrum casein.

Low-fat ice cream model system: impact of incorporation of alcalase hydrolyzed zein.

Research on fat substitutes with low calories and good flavor is important to reduce the fat content in food. In this paper, the selection of fat substitutes and the preparation of low-fat ice cream were carried out through looking at the emulsion properties of the enzymatic hydrolysis of zein. The results showed that the emulsifying activity of zein after enzymatic hydrolysis for 10 min was 66.

Rhodiola rosea polysaccharides-based nanoparticles loaded with DOX boosts chemo-immunotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer by re-educating Tumor-associated macrophages.

Hydrophobic drug delivery vectors suffer significant challenges in cancer therapy, including efficient encapsulation and tumor targeting ability. In the present study, Rhodiola rosea polysaccharides (RHPs), which have the ability to modulate Tumor-associated macrophages and typical structural characteristics, were employed as an immunoactive vector for drug delivery. Folic acid (FA) and stearic acid (SA) were chemically modified to the backbone of RHPs to obtain the self-assembly and tumor-targeting behavior.

Incidence, predictors and prognosis of acute kidney injury in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing emergent coronary angiography/primary percutaneous coronary intervention.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) after coronary angiography (CAG) and primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is frequently observed, and often interpreted as contrast induced-AKI. This study aimed to investigate the incidence, predictors and outcomes of AKI in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing emergent CAG/PPCI using the control group of STEMI patients who were not exposed to contrast agents within the first 72 h.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 1670 STEMI patients.

Nanoemulsion: A novel delivery approach for thermosensitive IgG on inhibiting milk fat oxidation.

IgG, a biologically active substance in bovine colostrum, is easily inactivated during heat treatment and edible process to lose its biological activity. Nanoemulsion can effectively protect IgG to maintain its biological activity from injurious treatment. In this study, a food-grade nanoemulsion system was developed to protect IgG from heat and acid damage.

Effect of ferulic acid covalent conjugation on the functional properties and antigenicity of β-lactoglobulin.

Binding to phenolics can improve the functional properties of proteins. Changes in structure, functional properties, and antigenicity of β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) after covalent conjugation with ferulic acid (FA) at different mass ratios were reported here. The results of SDS-PAGE and gel exclusion chromatography confirmed that covalent complexes were formed.

Structure-guided discovery of food-derived GABA-T inhibitors as hunters for anti-anxiety compounds.

With the acceleration of the pace of life, people may face all kinds of pressure, and anxiety has become a common mental issue that is seriously affecting human life. Safe and effective food-derived compounds may be used as anti-anxiety compounds. In this study, anti-anxiety compounds were collected and curated for database construction.

Qualitative and quantitative prediction of food allergen epitopes based on machine learning combined with in vitro experimental validation.

An allergen epitope is a part of molecules that can specifically bind to immunoglobulin E (IgE), causing an allergic reactions. To predict protein epitopes and their binding ability to IgE, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models were established using four algorithms combined with the selected chemical descriptors. The model predicted the binding capabilities of the epitopes to IgE with the R and root mean squared error (RMSE) as 0.

Roles of the Notch signaling pathway and microglia in autism.

The Notch signaling pathway is mainly involved in the regulation of neural stem cell proliferation, survival and differentiation during the development of the central nervous system. As a neurodevelopmental disorder, autism is associated with an abnormal increase in the number of microglia in several brain regions. These findings suggest that the pathogenesis of autism may be related to the Notch signaling pathway and microglia.

Prediction of flavor and retention index for compounds in beer depending on molecular structure using a machine learning method.

In order to make a preliminary prediction of flavor and retention index (RI) for compounds in beer, this work applied the machine learning method to modeling depending on molecular structure. Towards this goal, the flavor compounds in beer from existing literature were collected. The database was classified into four groups as aromatic, bitter, sulfury, and others.

Structure-guided discovery of antioxidant peptides bounded to the Keap1 receptor as hunter for potential dietary antioxidants.

Human health can be damaged by free radicals, and antioxidant peptides are excellent radical scavengers. Antioxidant tripeptides data set based on 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulofnic acid) (ABTS) assay was created, 9 types of descriptors were integrated and 4 quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models were constructed in this study. Several structural factors influencing the activity of antioxidant tripeptides and the dominant amino acids at each position of tripeptides were revealed by the optimal model.

Combining experimental techniques with molecular dynamics to investigate the impact of different enzymatic hydrolysis of β-lactoglobulin on the antigenicity reduction.

β-Lactoglobulin (β-LG) is one of the major food allergens. Enzymatic hydrolysis is a promising strategy to reduce the antigenicity of β-LG in industrial production. The relationship between the cleavage sites of β-LG by protease and its antigenic active sites were explored in this study.

Various machine learning approaches coupled with molecule simulation in the screening of natural compounds with xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity.

Gout is a common inflammatory arthritis associated with various comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome. Xanthine oxidase inhibitors (XOIs) have emerged as effective substances to control gout. Much attention has been given to the search for natural XOIs.

Predictive Modeling of Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptides Using Various Machine Learning Approaches.

Food-derived angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides could potentially be used as safe supportive therapeutic products for high blood pressure. Theoretical approaches are promising methods with the advantage through exploring the relationships between peptide structures and their bioactivities. In this study, peptides with ACE inhibitory activity were collected and curated.