Hippocampal µ-opioid receptors on GABAergic neurons mediate stress-induced impairment of memory retrieval.

Stressful life events induce abnormalities in emotional and cognitive behaviour. The endogenous opioid system plays an essential role in stress adaptation and coping strategies. In particular, the µ-opioid receptor (μR), one of the major opioid receptors, strongly influences memory processing in that alterations in μR signalling are associated with various neuropsychiatric disorders.

Parthenolide attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury via Akt/GSK-3β pathway in PC12 cells.

Parthenolide (PN), a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from the herbal medicine feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium), was reported to possess neuroprotective activity. However, the neuroprotective effect of PN against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to explore the neuroprotective effects of PN against oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells and the underlying mechanisms.

MicroRNA-25 Negatively Regulates Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury-Induced Cell Apoptosis Through Fas/FasL Pathway.

MicroRNA-25 (miR-25) has been reported to be a major miRNA marker in neural cells and is strongly expressed in ischemic brain tissues. However, the precise mechanism and effect of miR-25 in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury needs further investigations. In the present study, the oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) model was constructed in human SH-SY5Y and IMR-32 cells to mimic I/R injury and to evaluate the role of miR-25 in regulating OGD/reperfusion (OGDR)-induced cell apoptosis.

[A simple method for assessment of RNA integrity in laser capture microdissection samples].

Objective: To develop a simple method for assessment of RNA integrity in laser capture microdissection (LCM) samples.

Methods: The total RNA were isolated from the LCM samples and the sections before and after microdissection and examined by agarose gel electrophoresis. Real-time PCR was employed to assess the RNA from LCM samples, and the quantity of RNA was theoretically estimated according to the average total RNA product in mammalian cells (10 ng/1000 cells).

[Research on the clinical features and effective factors of 249 diabetic patients with deep foot infection].

Objective: 249 diabetic patients with deep foot infection were retrospectively studied. Their clinical features and effective factors related to wound healing were analyzed.

Methods: 249 patients team (physician, surgeon and diabetes-specific nurse) were divided into 3 groups.

[In vivo labeling of cells in the ependyma/subventricular zone of adult rats].

Objective: To identify the labeled cells in the ependyma/subventricular zone (SVZ) of normal adult rats by DiI injected into the lateral ventricle.

Methods: Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into five groups (10 per group). All of the rats were injected with 10 microL of 2 g/L fluorescence dye DiI into the right lateral ventricle.

[The effect of ligustrazine on cells proliferation in cortex and striatum after focal cerebral ischemia in adult rats].

Objective: To explore the effect of Ligustrazine on cells proliferation in cortex and striatum after focal cerebral ischemia in adult rats.

Methods: Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by left middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) with suture method. Two hours later, injection of Ligustrazine (80 mg/kg, 1 time/d) was performed peritoneally.

[Effect of ligustrazine on cell proliferation in subventricular zone of lateral cerebral ventricle after adult rat suffering from focal cerebral ischemia].

Objective: To explore the effect of ligustrazine on cell proliferation in subventricular zone of lateral cerebral ventricle after middle cerebral artery occluded (MACO) in adult rat.

Methods: SD male rats were randomly divided into three group: sham operation group, ischemic model group and Ligustrazine group. The model of the middle cerebral artery occlusion was established by placement of an intraluminal filament at the origin of left MCA.

Effects of ketamine-midazolam anesthesia on the expression of NMDA and AMPA receptor subunit in the peri-infarction of rat brain.

Background: Activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid (AMPA) receptors play an important role in the neurons death induced by ischemia. The mitigating effect of intravenous anesthetics on ischemic neuron injury is related to their influence on NMDA receptors. This study was performed to investigate the effect of ketamine-midazolam anesthesia on the NMDA and AMPA receptor subunits expression in the peri-infarction of ischemic rat brain and explore its potential mechanism of neuroprotection.

[Effect of histamine on intracortical blood vessels of rats].

Objective: To investigate histamine-induced changes of the intracortical vessels in the cortical slice of rat brain.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect the expression of H1 and H2 receptors in the intracortical blood vessels of rats. Histamine-induced constriction of the intracortical blood vessels of the brain slices was observed with differential interference contrast microscope.

[Effect of citicoline on spatial learning and memory of rats after focal cerebral ischemia].

Objective: To investigate the effects of citicoline on spatial learning and memory of rats after focal cerebral ischemia.

Methods: The rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group, ischemia control group and citicoline group. In the later two groups, focal cerebral ischemia model was established by introducing an intraluminal filament into the left middle cerebral artery, and citicoline (500 mg/kg) or 0.

Ependymal/subventricular zone cells migrate to the peri-infarct region and differentiate into neurons and astrocytes after focal cerebral ischemia in adult rats.

Objective: To investigate the migration and differentiation of ependymal/subventricular zone cells after focal cerebral ischemia in rats, and reveal the origin of the newly generated neural cells in the peri-infarct region.

Methods: Normal adult male Sprague Dawley rats weighing 250-350 g were used in this study. Before middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), 10 microl of 0.

[Effects of ketamine and midazolam combination anesthesia on focal cerebral ischemia injury in rats].

Objective: We investigated the effects of anesthesia with ketamine and midazolam on focal cerebral ischemia injury, and evaluated the neuroprotective properties of this combination during surgical procedures.

Methods: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) under ketamine or ketamine-midazolam intraperitoneal anesthesia (n = 15 each). The neurological scoring was performed to determine functional impairment of the brain at 4 h after MCAO.

[Effects of ketamine-midazolam anesthesia on focal cerebral ischemic injury in rats].

Objective: To compare the effects of anesthesia with ketamine and ketamine-midazolam on focal cerebral ischemic injury in rats and evaluate the neuroprotective effect of ketamine-midazolam anesthesia during surgical procedures.

Methods: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) under anesthesia with intraperitoneal administration of ketamine alone or in combination with midazolam (n=15). Neurological scoring was conducted the infarct size measured at 4 h and 24 h after the surgery.

[Genetic polymorphism of 9 STR loci in Han nation population in Shandong Province].

Objective: To study genetic polymorphism of 9 STR loci in Han nation population in Shangdong Province.

Methods: We investigated 100 unrelated individuals of Han nation population in Shandong Province and studied their genetic distribution of 9 STR loci and Amelogenin locus. Primers of 10 loci were labeled with the NHS-ester fluorescent dye 5-FAM (blue), Joe (green) or NED (yellow).