Outcomes of Post-Immunotherapy Durable Responders of Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma- with Emphasis on Locoregional Therapy for Oligoprogression.

Introduction: The progression patterns, dispositions, and outcomes of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who achieved durable responses with immunotherapy remain poorly characterized.

Methods: Patients with advanced HCC who received immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based immunotherapy and achieved durable responses were retrospectively included. A durable response was defined as partial response (PR) or stable disease (SD) per RECIST 1.

Clinical Outcomes and Histologic Findings of Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Durable Partial Response or Durable Stable Disease After Receiving Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab.

Purpose: Durable partial response (PR) and durable stable disease (SD) are often seen in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) receiving atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (atezo-bev). This study investigates the outcome of these patients and the histopathology of the residual tumors.

Patients And Methods: The IMbrave150 study's atezo-bev group was analyzed.

Changes in Posttreatment Spleen Volume Associated with Immunotherapy Outcomes for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Purpose: We investigated whether spleen volume (SV) changes were associated with treatment outcomes in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who received immunotherapy or first-line sorafenib.

Patients And Methods: Patients with advanced HCC who underwent immunotherapy or first-line sorafenib at our institute were retrospectively analyzed. CT was used to measure SV before and within 3 months of treatment initiation.

Disparity in survival benefits of pembrolizumab between Asian and non-Asian patients with advanced cancers: A systematic review and meta-regression analysis.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized the treatment of malignancies. However, disproportionate enrollment among races and ethnicities places the generalizability of global trial results in doubt.

Methods: In this systematic review, phase 3 randomized controlled trials investigating pembrolizumab in advanced cancers and providing subgroup analyses of Asian and non-Asian participants were included.

Phase/Interfacial-Engineered Two-Dimensional-Layered WSe Films by a Plasma-Assisted Selenization Process: Modulation of Oxygen Vacancies in Resistive Random-Access Memory.

Here, we propose phase and interfacial engineering by inserting a functional WO layer and selenized it to achieve a 2D-layered WSe/WO heterolayer structure by a plasma-assisted selenization process. The 2D-layered WSe/WO heterolayer was coupled with an AlO film as a resistive switching (RS) layer to form a hybrid structure, with which Pt and W films were used as the top and bottom electrodes, respectively. The device with good uniformity in SET/RESET voltage and high low-/high-resistance window can be obtained by controlling a conversion ratio from a WO film to a 2D-layered WSe thin film.

Embedded Integration of SbSe Film by Low-Temperature Plasma-Assisted Chemical Vapor Reaction with Polycrystalline Si Transistor for High-Performance Flexible Visible-to-Near-Infrared Photodetector.

Flexible optoelectronics have garnered considerable interest for applications such as optical communication, motion capture, biosignal detection, and night vision. Transition-metal dichalcogenides are widely used as flexible photodetectors owing to their outstanding electrical and optical properties and high flexibility. Herein, a two-dimensional (2D) SbSe film-based one transistor-one resistor (1T1R) flexible photodetector with high photosensing current and detection ranges from visible to near-infrared was developed.

Sarcopenia and myosteatosis are associated with survival in patients receiving immunotherapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objectives: To investigate the association of sarcopenia, myosteatosis, and sarcopenic obesity with survival outcomes among patients who underwent immunotherapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: In this retrospective analysis, patients who initiated immunotherapy for advanced HCC were enrolled. Sarcopenia and myosteatosis were evaluated on pretreatment CT at L3 level by skeletal muscle index and mean muscle attenuation using predefined cutoff values.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors for hepatocellular carcinoma - A game changer in treatment landscape.

Rapidly expanding armamentarium of systemic therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurred in the recent few years. Multikinase inhibitors (MKI) or targeted therapy with antiangiogenic properties have been the focus of clinical studies in advanced HCC in the past decade. The remarkable efficacy of single agent immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), including nivolumab and pembrolizumab, in early phase studies led to accelerated approvals as second-line treatment for advanced HCC.

Targeting CD38 and PD-1 with isatuximab plus cemiplimab in patients with advanced solid malignancies: results from a phase I/II open-label, multicenter study.

Background: Preclinical data suggest that concurrent treatment of anti-CD38 and antiprogrammed death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies substantially reduce primary tumor growth by reversing T-cell exhaustion and thus enhancing anti-PD-1/PD-L1 efficacy.

Methods: This phase I/II study enrolled patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) or advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The primary objectives of phase I were to investigate the safety and tolerability of isatuximab (anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody)+cemiplimab (anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody, Isa+Cemi) in patients with mCRPC (naïve to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy) or NSCLC (progressed on anti-PD-1/PD-L1-containing therapy).

Multifunctional Ion-Sensitive Floating Gate Fin Field-Effect Transistor with Three-Dimensional Nanoseaweed Structure by Glancing Angle Deposition Technology.

A multifunctional ion-sensitive floating gate Fin field-effect transistor (ISFGFinFET) for hydrogen and sodium detection is demonstrated. The ISFGFinFET comprises a FGFET and a sensing film, both of which are used to detect and improve sensitivity. The sensitivity of the ISFGFinFET can be adjusted by modulating the coupling effect of the FG.

Rational Design on Controllable Cation Injection with Improved Conductive-Bridge Random Access Memory by Glancing Angle Deposition Technology toward Neuromorphic Application.

A conductive-bridge random access memory (CBRAM) has been considered a promising candidate for the next-generation nonvolatile memory technology because of its excellent performance, for which the resistive switching behavior depends on the formation/dissolution of conducting filaments in an electrolyte layer originated by the cation injection from the active electrode with electrochemical reactions. Typically, the controllability of cations into the electrolyte layer is a main issue, leading to stable switching reliability. In this work, an architecture combining spike-shaped Ag electrodes created by AlO nanopillar arrays as a physical diffusion barrier by glancing angle deposition technology was proposed to localize Ag cation injection for the formation of controllable filaments inside TiO as the switching layer.

Limited Predictive or Prognostic Role of Tumor-Infiltrating Tissue-Resident Memory CD8 T Cells in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Receiving Immunotherapy.

Purpose: Tumor-infiltrating tissue-resident memory CD8 T cells (CD8 T; CD103+ CD8+) are considered tumor-specific and may correlate better with the tumor response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). This study evaluated the association of tumor-infiltrating CD8 T and their subsets with the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Experimental Design: Consecutive HCC patients who received ICB in prospective trials were analyzed.

An Exploratory Study for the Association of Gut Microbiome with Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: Gut microbiome has been associated with the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in patients with various types of cancers but not yet in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Aims: To investigate the association between gut microbiome and efficacy of ICI in patients with HCC.

Methods: Patients with HCC who were scheduled to receive ICI were prospectively enrolled.

Evolution of systemic treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was considered an inherently refractory tumor in the chemotherapy era (1950-2000). However, systemic therapy has evolved to molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy, and nine treatment regimens have been approved worldwide during the past 20 years. The approved regimens target tumor angiogenesis or tumor immunity, the two cancer hallmarks.

Current-Accelerated Phase Cycling with Metallic and Semiconducting Switching in Copper Nanobelts at Room Temperature.

Here, a current-accelerated phase cycling by an current-induced oxidation process was demonstrated to reversibly switch the local metallic Cu and semiconducting CuO phases of patterned polycrystalline copper nanobelts. Once the Cu nanobelts were applied by a direct-current bias of ∼0.5 to 1 V in air with opposite polarities, the resistance between several hundred ohms and more than MΩ can be manipulated.

A Multicenter Phase II Study of Second-Line Axitinib for Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Failing First-Line Sorafenib Monotherapy.

Lessons Learned: For patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma after failure of first-line sorafenib monotherapy, second-line axitinib provides modest efficacy with tolerable toxicity. The discrepant tumor responses and survival outcomes in trials using axitinib as salvage therapy highlight the importance of optimal patient selection with the aid of clinical biomarkers.

Background: Multikinase inhibitors have been effective treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Differential Organ-Specific Tumor Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background And Aims: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) exhibit significant clinical activity in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study explored whether tumor response to ICIs in HCC varies among different organs.

Methods: We reviewed the data of patients with advanced HCC who had received ICIs.

Reliability of a single-region sample to evaluate tumor immune microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background & Aims: Intratumor heterogeneity has frequently been reported in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Thus, the reliability of single-region tumor samples for evaluation of the tumor immune microenvironment is also debatable. We conducted a prospective study to analyze the similarity in tumor immune microenvironments among different regions of a single tumor.

Considerations of heterogeneity in clinical trials for hepatocellular carcinoma.

: Clinical trials in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) exhibit a high degree of heterogeneity. These heterogeneities may lead to unexpected results among clinical trials. : In this review, we address the heterogeneity noted in early phase HCC trials, trials involving transarterial chemoembolization, and advanced HCC trials.

Dynamic pH Sensor with Embedded Calibration Scheme by Advanced CMOS FinFET Technology.

In this work, we present a novel pH sensor using efficient laterally coupled structure enabled by Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) Fin Field-Effect Transistor (FinFET) processes. This new sensor features adjustable sensitivity, wide sensing range, multi-pad sensing capability and compatibility to advanced CMOS technologies. With a self-balanced readout scheme and proposed corresponding circuit, the proposed sensor is found to be easily embedded into integrated circuits (ICs) and expanded into sensors array.

Phase II multicentered study of low-dose everolimus plus cisplatin and weekly 24-hour infusion of high-dose 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin as first-line treatment for patients with advanced gastric cancer.

Objective: This phase II trial investigates the efficacy and safety of low-dose everolimus in combination with cisplatin-fluorouracil chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer.

Methods: Eligible patients with chemotherapy-naïve advanced gastric cancer received low-dose everolimus (10 mg p.o.