Point mutations in KAL1 and the mitochondrial gene MT-tRNA(cys) synergize to produce Kallmann syndrome phenotype.

Kallmann syndrome (KS) is an inherited developmental disorder defined as the association of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anosmia or hyposmia. KS has been shown to be a genetically heterogeneous disease with different modes of inheritance. However, variants in any of the causative genes identified so far are only found in approximately one third of KS patients, thus indicating that other genes or pathways remain to be discovered.

Genes encoding the Vibrio harveyi haemolysin (VHH)/thermolabile haemolysin (TLH) are widespread in vibrios.

V. harveyi VHH haemolysin, which shows high homology to the TLH haemolysin (the identities of their deduced amino acid sequences are up to 85.6%), is a putative virulence factor to marine cultured fish.