Effects of exogenous mineral silicon on physiological characteristics and arsenic uptake and transport in rice.

Soil arsenic (As) contamination poses a significant threat to food security and human health. Diatomaceous earth (DE) as a representative exogenous mineral silicon can effectively regulate the migration and transformation of As in the soil-rice system. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of DE application on As uptake, translocation, and stress regulation in rice remain unclear.

Direct Access to CF-Containing 4-1,3-Oxazines and 2-Aminopyrimidines Via a [4 + 2] Annulation Using In Situ Generated Carbodiimide Anions.

The carbodiimide anions which were generated in situ from -cyano--aryl--toluenesulfonamides (NCTS) in the presence of the base participated in annulations that remain less reported to date. Herein, we have developed for the first time an efficient and environmentally friendly [4 + 2] annulation reaction of CF-substituted hetero-1,3-dienes with NCTS for the efficient synthesis of CF-substituted 4-1,3-oxazines and 2-aminopyrimidines under transition-metal-free conditions. The methodology demonstrates the advantages of readily available substrates, simple operation, good functional group tolerance, and broad substrate scope, providing a promising route to the synthesis of structurally diverse CF-substituted scaffolds.

2-Methoxybenzoic acid ameliorates arterial thrombosis via inhibiting carbon anhydrase activity in platelet.

Background: 2-Methoxybenzoic acid (2MOA) is a natural compound with potential salicylate-like effects; however, its impact on arterial thrombosis remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects of 2MOA on thrombogenesis and its underlying mechanisms.

Methods: FeCl-induced carotid artery injury and laser-induced cremaster artery injury thrombosis assays were utilized to explore the effect of 2MOA on thrombogenesis in vivo.

Rosette Spectroscopic Imaging for Whole-Brain Slab Metabolite Mapping at 7T: Acceleration Potential and Reproducibility.

Whole-brain proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (H-MRSI) is a non-invasive technique for assessing neurochemical distribution in the brain, offering valuable insights into brain functions and neural diseases. It greatly benefits from the improved SNR at ultrahigh field strengths (≥ 7T). However, H-MRSI still faces several challenges, such as long acquisition time and severe signal contamination from water and lipids.

Ultrafast self-gelling, superabsorbent, and adhesive chitosan-based hemostatic powders for rapid hemostasis and wound healing.

Hemostatic powders are widely used for managing bleeding from wounds with various irregular shapes. However, their limited liquid absorption capacity and difficulty in removal after application remain significant clinical challenges. Herein, we introduce a multifunctional hemostatic powder composed of dually crosslinked poly([2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride-co-acrylic acid) (pMATC-co-AA) and N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chitosan chloride (HTCC), which are integrated via electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding.

Solitary fibrous tumors: radiologic features with clinical and histopathologic correlation.

Objective: Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is an uncommon mesenchymal neoplasm that exhibits a broad spectrum of biological behaviors. Few studies relative to clinical-pathologic features and radiologic manifestations of SFTs have been reported. This study aimed to correlate the radiologic findings of SFTs with the clinical and histopathologic features.

Prevalence of Japanese encephalitis in pigs in Mainland China during 2000-2024: a systemic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an acute viral disease transmitted mainly by mosquitoes, primarily affecting Southeast Asia, and the Western Pacific. This study aimed to analyze the factors contributing to JE occurrence in pigs across China.

Methods: A systematic search was done using six databases for the published epidemiological studies on porcine JE, including the Chinese Web of Knowledge (CNKI), Wan Fang Database, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, VIP Chinese Journal Database, and PubMed.

The causal relationships between gut microbiota and venous thromboembolism: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is still one of the most severe health issues, increasing mortality and lengthening hospital stays. Different abundances of gut microbiota have been clinically linked to VTE and coagulopathy. However, whether gut microbiota affected VTE formation remained uncertain.

Nomogram to predict 3 month prognosis of acute ischemic stroke among young adults.

Objective: This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram for predicting the risk of 3 months adverse outcomes among young adults with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

Methods: Patients aged between 18 and 50 with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) at the Shenyang First's People Hospital, between January 1st 2017 to May 30th 2023 were included in this retrospective study. The primary outcome was a three-month unfavorable outcome, evaluated with modified Rankin Scale (mRS > 2).

The Impact of Dietary Fiber on Cardiovascular Diseases: A Scoping Review.

: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, placing an ever-increasing burden on healthcare systems. Dietary factors play a crucial role in the development and progression of CVD. Among them, dietary fiber has emerged as a potential modifiable factor with the potential to impact CVD risk.

High-throughput screening identifies Aurora kinase B as a critical therapeutic target for Merkel cell carcinoma.

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive skin cancer. Most MCCs contain Merkel cell polyomavirus (virus-positive MCC; VP-MCC), and the remaining are virus-negative (VN-MCC). Immune checkpoint inhibitors are the first-line treatment for metastatic MCC, but durable responses are achieved in less than 50% of patients.

Reduction of DNA Topoisomerase Top2 Reprograms the Epigenetic Landscape and Extends Health and Life Span Across Species.

DNA topoisomerases are essential molecular machines that manage DNA topology in the cell and play important roles in DNA replication and transcription. We found that knocking down the enzyme topoisomerase Top2 or its mammalian homolog TOP2B increases the lifespan of S. cerevisiae, C.

Following intravenous thrombolysis, the outcome of diabetes mellitus associated with acute ischemic stroke was predicted via machine learning.

This cohort study aimed to evaluate the prognostic outcomes of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and diabetes mellitus following intravenous thrombolysis, utilizing machine learning techniques. The analysis was conducted using data from Shenyang First People's Hospital, involving 3,478 AIS patients with diabetes who received thrombolytic therapy from January 2018 to December 2023, ultimately focusing on 1,314 patients after screening. The primary outcome measured was the 90-day Modified Rankin Scale (MRS).

Meteorin-like alleviates hepatic steatosis by regulating hepatic triglyceride secretion and fatty acid oxidation.

Amid a rising prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), there is still an unmet need to better treat it. We identified a secreted factor, Meteorin-like (Metrnl), with decreased levels in livers with hepatic steatosis. Notably, recombinant Metrnl ameliorated hepatic steatosis in NAFLD mouse models.

Serum Lipid Biomarkers and the Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancers in a Chinese Population: The Kailuan Prospective Study.

Background: Current evidence on relationships between serum lipid biomarkers and the risk of gastrointestinal cancers remains controversial, with no consensus reached.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study within the Kailuan Cohort wherein 88,225 individuals with baseline information on triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was followed from 2006 to 2021 for the incidence of esophageal cancer (EC), gastric cancer (GC), and colorectal cancer (CRC). Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

The influence of anti-COVID-19 measures on the incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Zhanggong district of Ganzhou city in China.

Objectives: In order to understand the efficacy of control measures and their impact on the prevention of Hand-foot-mouth disease, this study focuses on assessing the repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak on the hand-foot-mouth disease prevalence.

Methods: Descriptive epidemiological methods and an autoregressive integrated moving average model were employed to analyze the hand-foot-mouth disease incidence data in Zhanggong district of Ganzhou city in China from 2010 to 2019. Predictions for year 2020 and 2021 were extrapolated based on incidence series from 2010 to 2019.

Associations of three diagnostic glycemic measures with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in people not on antidiabetic medications: A prospective cohort study.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the value of three diagnostic glycemic measures, i.e., 2-hour plasma glucose (2hPG) during 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), in predicting risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality after adjusting for the influence of these glycemic measures on each other.

A phenotype-based AI pipeline outperforms human experts in differentially diagnosing rare diseases using EHRs.

Rare diseases, affecting ~350 million people worldwide, pose significant challenges in clinical diagnosis due to the lack of experienced physicians and the complexity of differentiating between numerous rare diseases. To address these challenges, we introduce PhenoBrain, a fully automated artificial intelligence pipeline. PhenoBrain utilizes a BERT-based natural language processing model to extract phenotypes from clinical texts in EHRs and employs five new diagnostic models for differential diagnoses of rare diseases.

Embracing the Future of Clinical Trials in Radiation Therapy: An NRG Oncology CIRO Technology Retreat Whitepaper on Pioneering Technologies and AI-Driven Solutions.

This white paper examines the potential of pioneering technologies and artificial intelligence-driven solutions in advancing clinical trials involving radiation therapy. As the field of radiation therapy evolves, the integration of cutting-edge approaches such as radiopharmaceutical dosimetry, FLASH radiation therapy, image guided radiation therapy, and artificial intelligence promises to improve treatment planning, patient care, and outcomes. Additionally, recent advancements in quantum science, linear energy transfer/relative biological effect, and the combination of radiation therapy and immunotherapy create new avenues for innovation in clinical trials.

Efficacy, safety and cost-effectiveness of obinutuzumab in patients with follicular lymphoma: a rapid review.

Background: Obinutuzumab was approved in China in June 2021 used in combination with chemotherapy (followed by obinutuzumab maintenance) for the treatment of adult patients with previously untreated stage II bulky, III, or IV follicular lymphoma (FL). The clinical application of obinutuzumab has recently begun in China, but there is a lack of evidence to determine under which circumstances it should be considered the treatment of choice. A comprehensive assessment is necessary to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of obinutuzumab in adult patients with FL.

Geographic variations, temporal trends, and equity in healthcare resource allocation in China, 2010-21.

Background: Inequity in healthcare resources has been identified as a global public health priority, yet the geographic variations and temporal trends in distribution and inequity in China remain unclear. We aimed to investigate these variations and temporal trends in healthcare resources and evaluate inequity in healthcare resource allocation in China.

Methods: In this nationwide descriptive study, we used provincial-level data on healthcare infrastructure, human, and service resources from 31 provinces of mainland China, publicly released by the National Health Commission of China between 2010-21.

Comprehensive Analysis of the Gene Family and Its Expression Under UV-B Radiation in Bat.

TCP is a plant-specific transcription factor that plays an important role in plant growth and development. In this study, we used bioinformatics to identify the entire genome of the gene family in Bat, and we analyzed the expression characteristics of genes under UV-B radiation using qRT-PCR. The results were as follows: (1) 24 members of the gene family were identified in , evenly distributed on its 24 chromosomes.

The impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the burden of maternal and neonatal disorders: A counterfactual modeling based on the global burden of disease study (2021).

Objectives: During the COVID-19 pandemic, global health systems faced unprecedented challenges, as well as in maternal and neonatal health, thus this study aims to clarify the impacts of COVID-19 on maternal and neonatal disorders (MNDs), regional variations, and the role of economic support.

Methods: We have developed a counterfactual model integrating Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average and Long Short-Term Memory models to forecast the burden of MNDs from 2020 To et al., 2021, which was compared with the actual burden to quantify the specific impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on MNDs.

A carboxymethyl cellulose-based pH-responsive chlorine dioxide release film for strawberry preservation.

Fruit spoilage caused by microorganisms results in huge economic losses and health risks worldwide every year. To develop an intelligent antimicrobial material capable of responding to the physiological activity of postharvest fruits and releasing antibacterial agents on demand, we fabricated a pH-responsive film for the release of chlorine dioxide (ClO) using carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and sodium chlorite (NaClO) via the solution casting method, with a CMC:NaClO ratio of 1:2 w/w. An acid environment simulated by 4 % acetic acid activated 43 % of ClO released by the film within 7 days.