Combining local regional therapy and systemic therapy: Expected changes in the treatment landscape of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma.

Improvements in early screening, new diagnostic techniques, and surgical treatment have led to continuous downward trends in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) morbidity and mortality rates. However, high recurrence and refractory cancer after hepatectomy remain important factors affecting the long-term prognosis of HCC. The clinical characteristics and prognosis of recurrent HCC are heterogeneous, and guidelines on treatment strategies for recurrent HCC are lacking.

Dual targeting of Polo-like kinase 1 and baculoviral inhibitor of apoptosis repeat-containing 5 in TP53-mutated hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), often diagnosed at advanced stages without curative therapies, is the fifth most common malignant cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is activated in the late G2 phase of the cell cycle and is required for entry to mitosis. Interestingly, PLK1 is overexpressed in many HCC patients and is highly associated with poor clinical outcome.

Hv1-deficiency protects β cells from glucotoxicity through regulation of NOX4 level.

High glucose (HG)-induced oxidative stress contributes to the dysfunction of pancreatic β cells in diabetes. The voltage-gated proton channel Hv1 has been proposed to support reactive oxygen species (ROS) production during respiratory bursts. However, the effect of Hv1 on glucotoxicity in pancreatic β cells is not clear yet.

Negative impact of hepatitis B surface seroclearance on prognosis of hepatitis B-related primary liver cancer.

Aim: To assess the impact of hepatitis B surface (HBsAg) seroclearance on survival outcomes in hepatitis B-related primary liver cancer.

Methods: Information from patients with hepatitis B-related liver cancer admitted in our hospital from 2008-2017 was retrieved. Cases diagnosed with HBsAg (-) and HBcAb (+) liver cancer were included in the HBsAg seroclearance (SC) group.

Propofol inhibits invasion and proliferation of C6 glioma cells by regulating the Ca permeable AMPA receptor-system x pathway.

Anesthetics are documented to affect tumors; therefore, we studied the antiglioma effect of propofol on proliferation and invasiveness of glioma cells and explored the underlying mechanism. C6 glioma cells were cultured and treated with propofol, and cell viability, invasiveness, and migration were measured. Glutamate release was measured using an enzyme-catalyzed kinetic reaction.

Plasma Metabolic Profile Determination in Young ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients with Ischemia and Reperfusion: Ultra-performance Liquid Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry for Pathway Analysis.

Background: This study was to establish a disease differentiation model for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) youth patients experiencing ischemia and reperfusion via ultra-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS) platform, which searches for closely related characteristic metabolites and metabolic pathways to evaluate their predictive value in the prognosis after discharge.

Methods: Forty-seven consecutive STEMI patients (23 patients under 45 years of age, referred to here as "youth," and 24 "elderly" patients) and 48 healthy control group members (24 youth, 24 elderly) were registered prospectively. The youth patients were required to provide a second blood draw during a follow-up visit one year after morbidity (n = 22, one lost).

The voltage-gated proton channel Hv1 is expressed in pancreatic islet β-cells and regulates insulin secretion.

The voltage-gated proton channel Hv1 is a potent acid extruder that participates in the extrusion of the intracellular acid. Here, we showed for the first time, Hv1 is highly expressed in mouse and human pancreatic islet β-cells, as well as β-cell lines. Imaging studies demonstrated that Hv1 resides in insulin-containing granules in β-cells.

The role of interleukin-28b gene polymorphisms in chinese patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with pegylated interferon and ribavirin.

Background: Interleukin-28B (IL28B) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs8099917 has been described to be associated with response to treatment with pegylated interferon and ribavirin (PEG-IFN/RBV) in patients with chronic hepatitis C from the North America, Europe, Asia countries like Japan and Taiwan. Whether this holds true for Chinese patients remains unknown.

Objectives: We aimed to study the effects of IL28B rs8099917 on antiviral therapy responses in Chinese patients with hepatitis C.

Perinodular ductular reaction/epithelial cell adhesion molecule loss in small hepatic nodules.

Aim: To investigate if loss of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is associated with microinvasion in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) in the presence of chronic hepatitis B.

Methods: The expression of EpCAM, cytokeratin 7 (CK7) and CK19 in 112 hepatic nodules was studied, including 20 HCCs with nodules ≤ 3 cm, 26 HCCs with nodules > 3 cm, 20 high-grade dysplastic nodules, 26 cirrhotic, large regenerative nodules and 20 cases of cirrhosis.

Results: Membranes of ductular reaction (DR) hepatobiliary cells, interlobular bile duct and some hepatic cells were positive for EpCAM expression.

[Diagnostic value of absent ductular reaction at hepatocellular-stromal boundaries in early stage hepatocellular carcinoma].

Objective: To investigate the role of absent ductular reaction (DR) at hepatocellular-stromal boundaries in early stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Methods: Cytokeratin (CK)7 and CK19 expression was detected by the SP immunohistochemistry method in 112 hepatic nodules taken from 20 cases of early HCC, 26 cases of HCC with nodules more than 3 cm, 20 cases of high-grade dysplastic nodule (HGDN), 26 cases of low-grade dysplastic nodule (LGDN), and 20 cases of cirrhosis (CIR). DR/CK7 and DR/CK19 were assessed separately on a semi-quantitative scale and statistically analyzed.

Expression and clinical significance of livin protein in hepatocellular carcinoma.

In this study, the two-step PV method of immunohistochemistry was used to determine livin protein expression in HCC tissues, pericarcinoma tissues, hepatitis/hepatic cirrhosis tissues, and normal hepatic tissues, and livin protein expression was detected in the blood plasma of patients with HCC before and after surgery, subjects with hepatic cirrhosis and hepatitis, and healthy blood donors using ELISA. Livin protein expression was significantly higher in HCC tissues than that in normal hepatic tissues and hepatitis/hepatic cirrhosis tissues, with no significant difference between HCC tissues and pericarcinoma tissues. The HCC patients with positive livin protein expression had a significantly higher survival rate than those with negative livin protein expression.

Gradually increased Golgi protein 73 expression in the progression of benign liver diseases to precancerous lesions and hepatocellular carcinoma correlates with prognosis of patients.

Aim: Serum Golgi protein 73 (sGP73) is a novel biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, there are few reports on the pattern of GP73 expression in the progression of benign liver diseases to precancerous lesions and HCC. This study aimed to investigate GP73 expression and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters.

[Analysis of the relationship between hepatitis B virus precore and basal core promoter mutations and acute-on-chronic liver failure].

Objective: To analyze the relationship between hepatitis B virus (HBV) precore (PC) and basal core promoter (BCP) mutations and HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HB-ACLF).

Methods: Forty-four patients with HB-ACLF and 28 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB; used as controls) were enrolled and venous blood samples were collected from all individuals. The PC and BCP gene fragments were amplified by nested PCR.

Tumor-infiltrating FoxP3+ Tregs and CD8+ T cells affect the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients.

Purpose: Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are considered to represent a host immune response against tumor. This study was carried out to analyze the effect of both FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) and CD8+ T lymphocytes in prognostic value of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.

Methods: Expressions of FoxP3, CD4, CD8 and CD34 in patient-matched tumors and peritumoral tissues were assessed by immunohistochemistry for 54 HCC patients.

Aberrant methylation of SPARC in human hepatocellular carcinoma and its clinical implication.

Aim: To investigate the methylation status of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and evaluate its clinical implication.

Methods: The methylation status of SPARC was analyzed in one HCC cell line (SMMC-7721) and 60 pairs of HCC and corresponding nontumorous tissues by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction and bisulfite sequencing. The expression of SPARC mRNA and protein were examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry, respectively.

[Tumor-infiltrating FoxP3+ Tregs are associated with CD34 expression and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma].

Objective: To investigate the correlation between FoxP3+ regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs) in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) and peritumoral tissues with CD34 expression and patient prognosis.

Methods: Fifty-five sets of patient-matched tumors and peritumoral tissues were obtained during curative resection for HCC. In situ immunohistochemistry was used to assess and comparatively analyze Treg presence and CD34 expression in each specimen set.

[Studies on the relationship between polymorphism of IL-28B rs8099917 and the outcome of HBV infection].

Objective: To investigate the correlation between IL-28B rs8099917 polymorphism and the outcome of HBV infection.

Methods: Genotype of rs8099917 (T > G) in IL-28B locus was determined by TaqMan SNP genotyping from 486 individuals which including 199 chronic HBV carriers (including 100 HBV-induced liver cirrhosis and 99 HBV-related HCC). 143 people with self-limited infection and 144 healthy people served as controls.

Identification and validation of specific methylation profile in bile for differential diagnosis of malignant biliary stricture.

Objective: This study was aimed to identify the specific methylation profile in bile specimens of pancreaticobillary diseases for differential diagnosis of malignant biliary stricture.

Design And Methods: In a total of 80 bile specimens from pancreaticobillary diseases, the methylation status of 19 tumor suppressor genes were analyzed by methylation-specific PCR and the methylation index (MI) were compared between the malignant and benign groups.

Results: Methylation of DKK3, p16, SFRP2, DKK2, NPTX2 and ppENK were more frequently detected in the bile of malignant biliary strictures than benign patients.

Enhanced specificity of real-time PCR for measurement of hepatitis B virus cccDNA using restriction endonuclease and plasmid-safe ATP-dependent DNase and selective primers.

The persistence of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in hepatocytes plays a key role in viral persistence and resistance to therapy. Therefore, quantitative cccDNA measurement is of clinical importance for evaluating the efficacy of antiviral drugs, selecting an appropriate treatment strategy, and predicting the prognosis. Current established methods for measurement of cccDNA need further improvement.

[Resistance mutation patterns of hepatitis B virus in patients with suboptimal response to adefovir dipivoxil therapy after lamivudine resistance].

Objective: To investigate the resistance mutation patterns of hepatitis B virus(HBV) during adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) monotherapy or combination therapy after lamivudine(LAM) resistance.

Methods: Serum samples from fifteen patients with suboptimal viral response to ADV therapy after LAM resistance were collected. The RT region of HBV P gene was PCR-applied, cloned and sequenced, and the mutation patterns in relation to resistance were analyzed.

Methylation of Dickkopf-3 as a prognostic factor in cirrhosis-related hepatocellular carcinoma.

Aim: To investigate the prevalence and time of Dickkopf (DKK) family methylation and its clinical significance in hepatocarcinogenesis.

Methods: Methylation of DKK family genes was quantitatively analyzed in 115 liver tissue samples, including 50 pairs of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and matched noncancerous cirrhotic tissue samples, as well as 15 liver cirrhosis biopsy samples.

Results: The methylation level of DKK3 was significantly higher in HCC tissue samples than in matched noncancerous cirrhotic tissue samples (P < 0.

[Identification of the regions of copy number amplification associated with hepatocellular carcinoma].

Objective: To screen and determine the regions of copy number variation (CNV) associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using SNP array and fluorescence quantitative PCR.

Methods: The CNV from HCC cell line TJ3ZX-01 was analyzed using GeneChip Human Mapping 500K SNP array. According to the data obtained by SNP array analysis, four candidate amplification regions were verified in 41 primary HCC samples by fluorescence quantitative PCR.

CD1d gene is a target for a novel amplicon at 1q22-23.1 in human hepatocellular carcinoma.

Genome copy number variation (CNV) is one of the mechanisms to regulate the expression level of genes which contributes to the development and progression of cancer. In order to investigate the regions of high-level amplification and potential target genes within these amplicons in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we analyzed HCC cell line (TJ3ZX-01) for CNV regions at the whole genome level using GeneChip Human Mapping 500K array, and also examined the relative copy number and expression levels of the related genes at candidate amplicons in 41 HCC tissues via real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR methods. Through analysis of sequence tag site(STS) markers by quantitative PCR, The two candidate amplicons at 1q found by SNP array were shown to occur in56.

Aberrant DNA methylation profile of hepatocellular carcinoma and surgically resected margin.

Field cancerization currently described the theory of tumorigenesis and, until now, has been described in almost all organ systems except in liver. For this reason, we explore the presence of field cancerization in liver and its underlying clinical implication in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In our study, methylation profile of HCC and surgically resected margin (SRM) were established by methylation-specific PCR.

Intrahepatic transplantation of hepatic oval cells for fulminant hepatic failure in rats.

Aim: To evaluate the effect of intrahepatic trans-plantation of hepatic oval cells (HOC) on fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) in rats.

Methods: HOC obtained from rats were labeled with green fluocescent protein (GFP) or 5, 6-carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinmidyl ester (CFDA-SE). Cell fluorescence was observed under fluorescent microscope at 6, 24, 48 and 72 h after labeling.