Macrogenomic Analysis Reveals Soil Microbial Diversity in Different Regions of the Antarctic Peninsula.

(1) Background: The unique geographical and climatic conditions of the Antarctic Peninsula contribute to distinct regional ecosystems. Microorganisms are crucial for sustaining the local ecological equilibrium. However, the variability in soil microbial community diversity across different regions of the Antarctic Peninsula remains underexplored.

Association Between Intergenerational Support, Technology Perception and Trust, and Intention to Seek Medical Care on the Internet Among Chinese Older Adults: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study.

Background: Avoiding technological innovation does not simplify life. In fact, using internet-based medical services can enhance the quality of life for older adults. In the context of an aging population and the growing integration of information technology, the demand for internet-based medical services among older adults is gaining increased attention.

Corrigendum: Bibliometric analysis of research on digestive system tumors and depression.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.

An integrated approach to modeling the influence of critical factors in low-carbon technology adoption by chemical enterprises in China.

Adopting low-carbon technology has become a critical method for enterprises to reduce carbon emissions and combat global warming. However, the willingness of high-energy-consuming and high-emission enterprises, such as those in the chemical industry, to adopt this technology is not high. Therefore, how to effectively stimulate these enterprises to develop and apply low-carbon technology has become an urgent challenge.

Superiority of Linear-Array EUS over MRCP in Diagnosing Pancreas Divisum: Evidence from a Multicenter Retrospective Study in Oriental Cohorts.

Background And Aims: Pancreas divisum (PD) is the most common developmental anatomic variant of pancreatic duct. The published data on the accuracy of the detection of pancreas divisum by linear-array endoscopic ultrasound (L-EUS) is limited. The current study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of L-EUS compared with magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) for identifying PD.

Extracellular vesicles from adipose-derived stem cell alleviate diabetic cardiomyopathy by regulating Chit1/NLRP3/Caspase-1-Mediated pyroptosis.

It is well-established that chronic hyperglycemia progressively destroys the heart structure, weakening function and leading to diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Extracellular vesicles derived from adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC-EVs) have been reported to have anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating effects, but their role in DCM is still poorly understood. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of ADSC-EVs on DCM and potential mechanisms.

PD-L2 act as an independent immune checkpoint in colorectal cancer beyond PD-L1.

Introduction: Immunotherapy, especially immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), holds promise as a therapeutic strategy in colorectal cancer (CRC) by harnessing the patient's immune system to target malignant cells. Particularly, the PD-1/PD-L1 axis is widely recognized for its critical role in tumor microenvironment immunosuppression. Antibodies targeting PD-1 or PD-L1 have shown sustained efficacy against various cancers, including CRC.

Structural characterization and anti-fatigue mechanism based on the gut-muscle axis of a polysaccharide from Zingiber officinale.

This study aimed to characterize the structure of polysaccharide ZOPA extracted from Zingiber officinale and its purified form (ZOPA-1), and to investigate their anti-fatigue mechanisms based on the gut-muscle axis. The study found that the backbone of ZOPA-1 is primarily composed of →3,4)-α-Glcp-1→ and →4,6)-α-Glcp-(1→ linkages, with →4)-α-Glcp(1→ serving as its side chain. In exhaustive swimming experiments with mice, both crude ZOPA and purified ZOPA-1 demonstrated significant anti-fatigue effects, including enhanced glycogen storage, improved antioxidant capacity, reduced accumulation of metabolic waste products, and regulated energy metabolism in the gastrocnemius muscles.

Synthesis and pharmacodynamic evaluation of 2-aminoindole derivatives against influenza A virus in vitro/vivo.

Influenza virus is a kind of respiratory pathogen with high morbidity and mortality, which still threatens human health. Existing anti-influenza drugs have various limitations, such as the inability to alleviate body injury and side effects. There remains an urgent need to develop a novel antiviral drug to efficiently inhibit viral infection while avoiding body injury.

Machine Learning Accelerated Discovery of Entropy-Stabilized Oxide Catalysts for Catalytic Oxidation.

The catalytic properties of unary to ternary metal oxides were already well experimentally explored, and the left space seems like only high entropy metal oxides (HEOs, element types ≥5). However, the countless element compositions make the trial-and-error method of discovering HEO catalysts impossible. Herein, based on the study of the crystal phase and catalytic performance of the ACrO catalyst system, the strong correlation between the single spinel phase and good catalytic activity of CH oxidation was inferred owing to the similar element importance sequences, which were acquired by the corresponding high accuracy machine learning models (cross-validation score >0.

The non-canonical BAF chromatin remodeling complex is a novel target of spliceosome dysregulation in SF3B1-mutated chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

SF3B1 mutations are recurrent in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), particularly enriched in clinically aggressive stereotyped subset #2. To investigate their impact, we conducted RNA-sequencing of 18 SF3B1 and 17 SF3B1 subset #2 cases and identified 80 significant alternative splicing events (ASEs). Notable ASEs concerned exon inclusion in the non-canonical BAF (ncBAF) chromatin remodeling complex subunit, BRD9, and splice variants in eight additional ncBAF complex interactors.

Bispectral Index Monitoring Effect on Delirium Occurrence and Nursing Quality Improvement in Post-anesthesia Care Unit Patients Recovering From General Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The effect of intraoperative anesthesia depth monitoring on delirium occurrence and improvement of nursing quality in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) remains unclear. We aimed to explore the effect of intraoperative anesthesia bispectral index (BIS) monitoring on delirium occurrence and improvement of nursing quality in the PACU for patients recovering from general anesthesia.

Methods:  This randomized controlled trial included 120 patients, aged 20-80 years, classified as grades I-III according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists.

PLXNA1 confers enzalutamide resistance in prostate cancer via AKT signaling pathway.

Although targeting the androgen signaling pathway by androgen receptor (AR) inhibitors, including enzalutamide, has shown therapeutic effectiveness, inevitable emergence of acquired resistance remains a critical challenge in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer (PCa). Recognizing targetable genomic aberrations that trigger endocrine treatment failure holds great promise for advancing therapeutic interventions. Here, we characterized PLXNA1, amplified in a subset of PCa patients, as a contributor to enzalutamide resistance (ENZR).

Therapeutic Potential of Hydrogen Sulfide in Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury.

Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, a prevalent pathological condition in medical practice, presents significant treatment challenges. Hydrogen sulfide (HS), acknowledged as the third gas signaling molecule, profoundly impacts various physiological and pathophysiological processes. Extensive research has demonstrated that HS can mitigate I/R damage across multiple organs and tissues.

LL-37 and bisphosphonate co-delivery 3D-scaffold with antimicrobial and antiresorptive activities for bone regeneration.

This study introduces a novel 3D scaffold for bone regeneration, composed of silk fibroin, chitosan, nano-hydroxyapatite, LL-37 antimicrobial peptide, and pamidronate. The scaffold addresses a critical need in bone tissue engineering by simultaneously combating bone infections and promoting bone growth. LL-37 was incorporated for its broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties, while pamidronate was included to inhibit bone resorption.

Genetically programmable cell membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles for targeted combination therapy of colorectal cancer.

Cell membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles possess inherent advantages derived from their membrane structure and surface antigens, including prolonged circulation in the bloodstream, specific cell recognition and targeting capabilities, and potential for immunotherapy. Herein, we introduce a cell membrane biomimetic nanodrug platform termed MPB-3BP@CM NPs. Comprising microporous Prussian blue nanoparticles (MPB NPs) serving as both a photothermal sensitizer and carrier for 3-bromopyruvate (3BP), these nanoparticles are cloaked in a genetically programmable cell membrane displaying variants of signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) with enhanced affinity to CD47.

Comparison of allo-SCT, auto-SCT and chemotherapy for the treatment of patients with low- or intermediate-risk acute myeloid leukemia: a network meta-analysis.

Background: The therapeutic status of allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) as a post-remission treatment for patients with high-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was well-accepted. However, the optimal treatment for patients with low/favorable- or intermediate-risk AML who achieve complete remission has remained controversial. Therefore, we conducted a network meta-analysis to discuss this disputed problem.