Biofilms as Battlefield Armor for Bacteria against Antibiotics: Challenges and Combating Strategies.

Bacterial biofilms are formed by communities, which are encased in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Notably, bacteria in biofilms display a set of 'emergent properties' that vary considerably from free-living bacterial cells. Biofilms help bacteria to survive under multiple stressful conditions such as providing immunity against antibiotics.

Proposal to transfer Bacillus massiliigorillae to the genus Peribacillus as Peribacillus massiliigorillae comb. nov., and Bacillus sinesaloumensis to the genus Ferdinandcohnia as Ferdinandcohnia sinesaloumensis comb. nov.

The present study was carried out to clarify the taxonomic position of Bacillus massiliigorillae and Bacillus sinesaloumensis. The 16S rRNA gene sequences extracted from the Bacillus sinesaloumensis Marseille-P3516 (FTOX00000000) and Bacillus massiliigorillae G2 (CAVL000000000) genomes showed 98.5 and 99.

Diversity, morphology, and molecular phylogeny of from southern China.

During an investigation of from southern China, 10 xylariales-like taxa have been collected. Morphological and multi-gene analyses confirmed that these taxa reside in and represent eight novel taxa and two new records belonging to six genera ., , and gen.

Regulatory effect of moderate Jiang-flavour baijiu (Chinese liquor) dosage on organ function and gut microbiota in mice.

Chinese baijiu, an ancient fermented alcoholic beverage, contains ethanol and a variety of compounds. One of the most popular types of Chinese baijiu is Jiang-flavor baijiu. To investigate the effects of Jiang-flavor baijiu on organ function and gut microbiota, we developed a moderate drinking mouse model and studied its effects on the liver, kidney biomarkers, memory function, and gut microbiota.

Overexpressing in enables high ethanol production from different lignocellulose hydrolysates.

The efficiently renewable bioethanol can help to alleviate energy crisis and environmental pollution. Genetically modified strains for efficient use of xylose and developing lignocellulosic hydrolysates play an essential role in facilitating cellulosic ethanol production. Here we present a promising strain GRE3 via overexpressed in a previously reported strain WXY70.

Proposal to transfer Dong . 2021 to the genus as comb. nov.

In the present study, the taxonomic position of YSP-3 was evaluated using phylogenetic and genome-based comparison. YSP-3 showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to M30 (98.4 %), followed by K1-5 (97.

Cryptococcus neoformans MET5 Gene is not Essential for Virulence in the Silkworm Infection Model.

The involvement of the MET5 gene in virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans was examined using the silkworm Bombyx mori infection model. In the virulence assay, the met5Δ mutant showed virulence not significantly different from the wild-type strain, suggesting that the MET5 gene is not essential for full virulence of C. neoformans.

Proposal for transfer Bacillus alkalicola to the genus Evansella as Evansella alkalicola comb. nov.

The taxonomic position of Bacillus alkalicola was evaluated using phylogenetic and genome-based comparisons. In phylogenetic (based on 16S rRNA gene sequence) and phylogenomic (based on concatenation of protein-marker genes) trees, Bacillus alkalicola clade with the members of the genus Evansella. The amino acid identity (AAI) values suggested to reclassify Bacillus alkalicola as a member of the genus Evansella.

Morpho-molecular characterisation of , with and sp. nov. and comb. nov.

Three arecophila-like fungal samples were collected on dead culms of gramineous plants in China. Morphological studies of our new collections and the herbarium specimen of (generic type) were conducted and the morphological affinity of our new collections with was confirmed. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses using combined ITS, LSU, 2 and β-tubulin data from our collections revealed the phylogeny of .

A taxonomic study of from China, with six new species.

During an investigation of Xylariaceae from 2019 to 2020, isolates representing eight (Xylariacese) species were collected from Yunnan, Guizhou and Hainan Provinces in China. Morphological and multi-gene phylogenetic analyses, based on combined ITS, α-actin, and β-tubulin sequences, confirmed that six of them are new to science, viz. , , , , and ; one is a new record () for China and one is a known species ().

Azospirillum oleiclasticum sp. nov, a nitrogen-fixing and heavy oil degrading bacterium isolated from an oil production mixture of Yumen Oilfield.

Two nitrogen-fixing and heavy oil degrading strains, designated RWY-5-1-1 and ROY-1-1-2, were isolated from an oil production mixture from Yumen Oilfield in China. The 16S rRNA gene sequence showed they belong to Azospirillum and have less than 96.1 % pairwise similarity with each species in this genus.

Bacillus tepidiphilus sp. nov., isolated from tepid spring.

A novel Bacillus strain, designated SYSU G01002, was isolated from a sediment sample collected from tepid spring in Tengchong, Yunnan province, south-west PR China. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the strain SYSU G01002 shared the highest sequence identity with the type strain of Bacillus alkalitolerans (97.7%).

sp. nov., isolated from cave soil.

A Gram-stain-positive, motile, rod-shaped and endospore-forming strain, SYSU K30002, was isolated from a soil sample collected from a karst cave in Xingyi county, Guizhou province, south-west China. SYSU K30002 grew at 28-40 °C (optimum, 37 °C), at pH 5.0-8.

Pseudomonas Saliphila sp. nov., a Bacterium Isolated from Oil-Well Production Water in Qinghai Oilfield of China.

Strain 16W4-4-3 was isolated from the oil-well production water in Qinghai Oilfield, China. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, catalase- and oxidase-positive, facultatively anaerobic and motile by single polar flagellum. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strain 16W4-4-3 showed the highest similarities with Pseudomonas profundi M5 (98.

Lysinibacillus cavernae sp. nov., isolated from cave soil.

A Gram-staining positive, motile, rod-shaped and subterminal endospore-forming bacterium, designated strain SYSU K30005, was isolated from a soil sample collected from a karst cave in Libo county, Guizhou province, south-western China. Strain SYSU K30005 showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Lysinibacillus fusiformis (98.6%) and Lysinibacillus sphaericus (98.

sp. nov., a moderately thermophilic bacterium isolated from a hot spring.

The present study aimed to determine the taxonomic positions of strains designated R-5-52-3, R-5-33-5-1-2, R-5-48-2 and R-5-51-4 isolated from hot spring water samples. Cells of these strains were Gram-stain-negative, non-motile and rod-shaped. The strains shared highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with KCTC 32020 (95.

Description of sp. nov., isolated from a tepid spring.

China is a hotspot for hot springs and during microbial diversity analysis of Tengchong hot spring, Yunnan province, south-west PR China, two strains designated SYSU G01001 and SY-13 were isolated. SYSU G01001 and SY-13 were Gram-stain-positive, motile and spore-forming. Colonies were white, circular, raised and punctiform.

Description of sp. nov. and sp. nov., isolated from cave soil.

Two Gram-positive, rod-shaped, motile, endospore-forming strains, SYSU K30003 and SYSU K30004, were isolated from cave soil sampled in Xingyi County, Guizhou Province, south-west PR China. The 16S rRNA gene sequence results indicated that strains SYSU K30003 and SYSU K30004 had highest sequence similarities to DSM 26310 (93.2 %) and KCTC 33185 (97.

Species borderlines in Fusarium exemplified by F. circinatum/F. subglutinans.

Fusarium species are known as cross-kingdom pathogens, causing infections in both plants and animals. This ecological variation challenges the species concept of closely similar lineages in the genus. The present paper describes various types of genetic interaction between strains of two neighboring model species with different predilection, F.

Bacillus antri sp. nov., isolated from cave soil.

A Gram-stain-positive, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped, motile, endospore-forming strain, SYSU K30001, was isolated from a soil sample collected from a cave in Xingyi county, Guizhou province, south-west China. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain SYSU K30001 belonged to the genus Bacillus, with the highest sequence similarity to the type strain of Bacillus panaciterrae (98.1 %).

Draft Genome Sequence of a Trimethylamine-Producing Isolate from Blood of a Coronary Atherosclerotic Heart Disease Patient.

Trimethylamine (TMA), which is produced by various bacteria, is associated with heart disease, but little information about the production of TMA in blood is available. We present here the genome sequence of a multidrug-resistant strain, bTMA-013, with a TMA synthesis pathway, which was isolated from the blood of a coronary atherosclerotic heart disease patient.

The NADPH oxidase AoNoxA in Arthrobotrys oligospora functions as an initial factor in the infection of Caenorhabditis elegans.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by NADPH oxidases can serve as signaling molecules to regulate a variety of physiological processes in multi-cellular organisms. In the nematophagous fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora, we found that ROS were produced during conidial germination, hyphal extension, and trap formation in the presence of nematodes. Generation of an AoNoxA knockout strain demonstrated the crucial role of NADPH oxidase in the production of ROS in A.

[Effect of turmeric volatile oil on proliferation and apoptosis of human skin SCC A431 cells].

To investigate the effect of turmeric volatile oil (TVO) on the apoptosis and proliferation of human skin SCC A431 cells, A431 cells were incubated with different concentrations (5-80 mg•L⁻¹) of TVO in vitro．The proliferation and cell cycle were assessed by CCK8 assay. The change of morphology was observed with inverted microscope. Apoptosis was evaluated with AO/EB double staining and flow cytometry (FCM); cell cycle was analyzed with FCM ．Western blot method was used to detect caspase-3 and caspase-9 protein expression.

Blastomonas marina sp. nov., a bacteriochlorophyll-containing bacterium isolated from seawater.

A Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, dark-yellow-pigmented bacterium, named SSR2A-4-2T, was isolated from coastal water in the East China Sea. Cells were ovoid or short rods with peritrichous flagella and contained carotenoid in addition to bacteriochlorophyll a pigment. A phylogenetic dendrogram based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain SSR2A-4-2T formed a distinct clade with members of the genus Blastomonas, with Blastomonasnatatoria EY 4220T (=DSM 3183T) (similarity 95.