Unraveling the key structural characteristics enhancing digestion resistance of wheat starch-mung bean hull polyphenols complexes.

Mung bean hull polyphenols (MBPs) have the potential to retard starch digestion by altering its multi-scale structures. However, the regulatory mechanism and the key structural characteristics that contribute to digestion resistance remain unclear. In this study, MBPs were non-covalently interacted with wheat starch (WS) under hydrothermal treatments.

Increased methane production associated with community shifts towards Methanocella in paddy soils with the presence of nanoplastics.

Background: Planetary plastic pollution poses a major threat to ecosystems and human health in the Anthropocene, yet its impact on biogeochemical cycling remains poorly understood. Waterlogged rice paddies are globally important sources of CH. Given the widespread use of plastic mulching in soils, it is urgent to unravel whether low-density polyethylene (LDPE) will affect the methanogenic community in flooded paddy soils.

Jatrophane and ingenane diterpenoids with anti-inflammatory activity from Euphorbia esula.

A phytochemical investigation into the plants of Euphorbia esula L. has yielded 19 diterpenoids, comprising 17 jatrophane-type (1-7 and 9-18) and two ingenane-type (8 and 19). The structures of these compounds were elucidated by a combination of spectrum elucidations, quantum chemical calculations, and X-ray single crystal diffraction.

Engineered DR/NIR dual-emission carbonized polymer dots for simultaneous tracking of lipid droplets and lysosomes.

Developing near-infrared fluorescent probes for simultaneous tracking of lipid droplets (LDs) and lysosomes is highly desirable for studying cell metabolism. In this work, deep-red/near-infrared dual-emission carbonized polymer dots (DN-CPDs) were prepared for ratiometric monitoring of the intracellular polarity. Detailed structural analysis revealed that the deep-red emission and near-infrared peak of DN-CPDs originate from the molecular state and surface state, respectively.

Silicon regulation of manganese homeostasis in plants: mechanisms and future prospective.

Manganese (Mn), a plant micronutrient element, is an important component of metalloprotein involved in multiple metabolic processes, such as photosynthesis and scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). Its disorder (deficiency or excess) affects the Mn-dependent metabolic processes and subsequent growth and development of plants. The beneficial element of Si has a variety of applications in agricultural fields for plant adaptation to various environmental stresses, including Mn disorder.

Comorbidity of physical illnesses and mental disorders in outpatients with tic disorders: a retrospective study using the outpatient case system.

Background: Tic disorder, a chronic neurodevelopmental disorder that typically onsets during childhood, is characterized by sudden, involuntary, rapid, and non-rhythmic motor and vocal tics. Individuals with tic disorders often experience physical health issues. The purpose of our retrospective analysis was to elucidate the common comorbid physical diseases and mental disorders and their characteristics of outpatient children with tic disorders in a large public children's hospital in China over the past 5 years.

The structural and functional analysis of mycobacteria cysteine desulfurase-loaded encapsulin.

Encapsulin nanocompartments loaded with dedicated cargo proteins via unique targeting peptides, play a key role in stress resistance, iron storage and natural product biosynthesis. Mmp1 and cysteine desulfurase (Enc-CD) have been identified as the most abundant representatives of family 2 encapsulin systems. However, the molecular assembly, catalytic mechanism, and physiological functions of the Mmp1 encapsulin system have not been studied in detail.

Comparative efficacy and safety of Chinese patent medicines for primary insomnia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of 109 randomized trials.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Chinese patent medicine (CPM) is formulated using Chinese herbal medicines as raw materials according to prescribed methods and preparation processes. It is one of the most commonly used complementary and alternative therapies for insomnia in China. Dozens of CPMs have been applied in clinical settings to treat primary insomnia, and ample evidence has proven the efficacy and safety of various CPMs.

AIE nanoparticle with enhanced fluorescence for ultrasensitive lateral flow immunoassays and point-of-care diagnosis of interstitial lung disease.

Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) has been recognized as an effective serum biomarker for interstitial lung disease (ILD). The KL-6 accurate detection is of great significance for evaluating the severity of ILD and the prognosis of patients. In this study, a bright aggregation-induced emission luminogen (AIEgen) N, N'-((1,2-diphenylethene-1,2-diyl)bis(4,1-phenylene))bis(N-phenylnaphthalen-1-amine) (TPETN) with a high quantum yield of 87.

Pyridoxine supplementation before puberty ameliorates MAM-induced cognitive and sensorimotor gating impairments.

Schizophrenia is a kind of neurodevelopmental mental disorder in which patients begin to experience changes early in their development, typically manifesting around or after puberty and has a fluctuating course. Environmental disturbances during adolescence may be a risk factor for schizophrenia-like deficits. As a better treatment option, preventive intervention prior to schizophrenia may be more beneficial than direct treatment.

Bloodstream infections in pediatric hematology/oncology patients: a single-center study in Wuhan.

Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are a critical concern in pediatric onco-hematological patients undergoing chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), leading to a major impact on morbidity, long-term hospitalization, and mortality. We retrospectively analyzed 202 BSIs in 145 patients, consisting of 128 with hematological malignancies, one with a solid tumor, and 16 with non-malignant hematological diseases. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical characteristics, pathogen distribution, and antimicrobial pathogen susceptibility.

Non-linear dose-response relationship between the visceral adiposity index and diabetes in adults with normoglycemia: a cohort study.

Objective: Previous studies have identified a positive link between the visceral adiposity index (VAI) and diabetes in specific populations. Our investigation focused on examining this association in normoglycemic adults in Japan.

Methods: A cohort study of NAGALA (NAfld in the Gifu Area Longitudinal Analysis) was undertaken from 2004 to 2015 in Japan.

SlipChip Enables the Integration of CRISPR-Cas12a and RPA for Fast and Stand-Alone HPV Detection.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) screening is vital for the early detection and prevention of cervical cancer. However, existing methods often face challenges related to speed, simplicity, and multiplexing, especially in resource-limited settings. Here we developed a portable SlipChip-based multiplexed and rapid nucleic acid testing platform, named SMART, designed to simultaneously detect HPV16 and HPV18.

Zi Shen Wan Fang repaired blood-brain barrier integrity in diabetic cognitive impairment mice via preventing cerebrovascular cells senescence.

Background: Blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity disruption is a key pathological link of diabetes-induced cognitive impairment (DCI), but the detailed mechanism of how the diabetic environment induces BBB integrity disruption is not fully understood. Our previous study found that Zi Shen Wan Fang (ZSWF), an optimized prescription consisting of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge.), Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex (Phellodendron chinense Schneid.

Therapeutic applications of stem cell-derived exosomes in radiation-induced lung injury.

Radiation-induced lung injury is a common complication of chest tumor radiotherapy; however, effective clinical treatments are still lacking. Stem cell-derived exosomes, which contain various signaling molecules such as proteins, lipids, and miRNAs, not only retain the tissue repair and reconstruction properties of stem cells but also offer improved stability and safety. This presents significant potential for treating radiation-induced lung injury.

Healthy eating patterns associated with reduced risk of inflammatory bowel disease by lowering low-grade inflammation: evidence from a large prospective cohort study.

Background: Limited epidemiological evidence exists regarding the role of healthy eating patterns in reducing the risk of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). This study aimed to investigate the association between adherence to four established healthy eating patterns and subsequent CD or UC risk, and further examined whether these associations are linked to anti-inflammatory mechanisms.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of 197,391 participants from the UK Biobank who completed at least one dietary questionnaire and were free from inflammatory bowel disease or cancer at baseline.

Electron effect regulation: A study on the influence of electron-donating and withdrawing group modification on the performance of metal-coordinated catalysts for electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction.

Electron effect regulation is a crucial factor influencing the activity and selectivity of Cu-based coordination compound catalysts in the electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CORR). Despite significant progress, the structure-activity relationship and the underlying regulatory mechanisms warrant further in-depth investigation. In this study, three types of Cu-[ONNO] tetradentate coordination molecular catalysts with varying electron densities, namely Cu-NO, methoxy-modified Cu-NO (Cu-EDG-NO), and nitro-modified Cu-NO (Cu-EWG-NO), were prepared using a substituent regulation strategy.

Role of lncRNA TPRG1-AS1 in the development of cervical squamous cell carcinoma and its prognostic value.

Objective: Cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) has a poor prognosis due to persistent HPV infection. LncRNA TPRG1-AS1 is linked to regulating the development of many cancers, so the regulatory mechanism and prognostic value of TPRG1-AS1 in CSCC were explored.

Methods: 138 patients with cervical cancer were included.

Excessive oil absorption and maillard reaction products in fried muscle foods: Formation mechanisms, potential health risks and mitigation strategies.

Fried muscle foods are popular among consumers for their golden color, fried flavor, and crispy exterior paired with a tender interior. However, physicochemical reactions occurring during frying lead to the formation of harmful components. This review focuses on the formation mechanisms of excessive oil and Maillard reaction products (advanced glycation end products, and heterocyclic amines) in fried muscle foods including protein oxidation, starch gelatinization, and generation of carbonyls and free radicals.

Polarization-Insensitive Metasurface with High-Gain Large-Angle Beam Deflection.

Metasurfaces have shown great potential in achieving low-cost and low-complexity signal enhancement and redirection. Due to the low transmission power and high attenuation issues of current high-frequency communication technology, it is necessary to explore signal redirection technology based on metasurfaces. This paper presents an innovative metasurface for indoor signal enhancement and redirection, featuring thin thickness, high gain, and wide-angle deflection.

Enhancing Stress Corrosion Cracking Resistance of Low Cu-Containing Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloys by Aging Treatment Control.

The 7085 aluminum alloy with a low Cu content is an important lightweight structural material in the aerospace field due to its advantages of low density, high specific strength, and high hardenability. However, like other high-strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys, this alloy is susceptible to stress corrosion cracking (SCC). Additionally, the lower Cu content may increase its tendency toward SCC, potentially impacting the safe use of this alloy.

Seedless and Surfactant-Free Synthesis of Polyhedron Gold Nanocrystals Enclosed by High-Index Facets for Enhanced Electrochemical Detection of Benzoyl Peroxide in Flour.

Polyhedron gold nanocrystals enclosed by high-index facets (HIF-Au NCs) are in high demand but are very difficult to prepare. To address this issue, we presented a simple, seedless method for synthesizing uniform HIF-Au NCs in an aqueous solution, which remarkably reduced the synthesis difficulty. Interestingly, the protonated NH which served as both the reducing and capping agent played a crucial role in modulating the kinetic growth of the HIF-Au NCs.

Preparation of PLA Nanoparticles and Study of Their Influencing Factors.

Nanoparticles (NPs) have attractive properties that have received impressive consideration in the last few decades. Polylactic acid nanoparticles (PLA-NPs) stand out as a biodegradable polyester with excellent biocompatibility. This investigation introduces PLA-NPs prepared by using the emulsification-solvent volatilization (O/W) method.

The Latest Progress in the Chemistry of Alkaloids.

alkaloids (DAs) are interesting molecules with rich molecular skeletons and diverse biological activities. Since their discovery, phytochemists have isolated, purified, and identified more than 350 DAs. Synthetic chemists, attracted by the structure and activity of DAs, have accomplished many elegant synthetic jobs.