Roundabout Mechanism of Ion-Molecule Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions.

Roundabout (RA) is an important indirect mechanism for gas-phase X + CHY → XCH + Y S2 reactions at a high collision energy. It refers to the rotation of the CH-group by half or multiple circles upon the collision of incoming nucleophiles before substitution takes place. The RA mechanism was first discovered in the Cl + CHI S2 reaction to explain the energy transfer observed in crossed molecular beam imaging experiments in 2008.

Seroprevalence of B. pertussis infection and the changes of specific antibody levels in health care workers during the first two years of COVID-19 in Wuhu, China.

Background: The reported number of pertussis cases declined after the implementation of COVID-19 prevention and control measures, however, the burden of pertussis among adults in China remains largely unknown. Additionally, the waning of natural antibody level has also rarely been assessed.

Methods: A total of 762 healthcare workers (HCWs) who had underwent the health examinations in 2021 and 2022 were included.

Protective effects of forsythoside A against severe acute pancreatitis- induced brain injury in mice.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of forsythoside A (FA) on brain injury induced by severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) using a murine model.

Methods: Mice were induced with 3.5 % sodium taurocholate to model SAP-induced brain injury (SAP-IBI) and were randomly assigned to four distinct treatment regimens: the SAP-IBI model group (SAP-IBI), low-dose FA treatment group (FA L+SI), middle-dose FA treatment group (FA M+SI), and high-dose FA treatment group (FA H+SI).

Seroprevalence of tetanus and pertussis antibodies among health care workers in Wuhu, China.

This study aimed to elucidate the seroprevalence of antibodies to tetanus and pertussis among Chinese health care workers. Blood specimens from health care workers were collected during the 2021 annual medical examination at the First People's Hospital of Wuhu. Commercial ELISA kits were employed to quantify serum IgG antibodies against tetanus toxin (anti-TT IgG) and both IgG and IgA antibodies against pertussis toxin (anti-PT IgG, anti-PT IgA).

A Security Information Transmission Method Based on DHR for Seafloor Observation Network.

A seafloor observation network (SON) consists of a large number of heterogeneous devices that monitor the deep sea and communicate with onshore data centers. Due to the long-distance information transmission and the risk of malicious attacks, ensuring the integrity of data in transit is essential. A cryptographically secure frame check sequence (FCS) has shown great advantages in protecting data integrity.

Glycerol kinase enzyme is a prognostic predictor in esophageal carcinoma and is associated with immune cell infiltration.

The influence of lipid metabolism on tumorigenesis and progression has garnered significant attention. However, the role of Glycerol Kinase (GK), a key enzyme in glycerol metabolism, in Esophageal Carcinoma (ESCA) remains unclear. To further elucidate the relationship between GK and ESCA, we investigated GK expression levels using database information.

Natural Sweetener, Glycyrrhetinic Acid 3--Mono-beta-d-glucuronide, for Postprandial Hyperglycemia Management.

This study examines the inhibitory effects of a range of sweeteners on α-glucosidase. Our findings revealed that only one natural sweetener, namely, glycyrrhetinic acid 3--mono-beta-d-glucuronide (GAMG), derived from licorice, exhibited a mixed-type inhibition against α-glucosidase with a IC value of 0.73 ± 0.

Sertraline-Induced Acute Pancreatitis: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Objective: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a process of acute inflammation and cell damage of the pancreas. Gallstones and alcohol abuse are the most common cause for AP. Drug-induced pancreatitis (DIP), accounting for less than 3% of the AP, has become increasingly recognized as an additional and vitally important etiology of acute pancreatitis.

One-Electron (2c/1e) Tin···Tin Bond Stabilized by -Phenylenediamido Ligands.

Odd-electron bonds, i.e., the two-center, three-electron (2c/3e), or one-electron (2c/1e) bonds, have attracted tremendous interest owing to their novel bonding nature and radical properties.

Multiplex lateral flow test strip for detection of carbapenemase genes using barcoded tetrahedral DNA capture probe-based biosensing interface.

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales pose significant global health challenges due to their rapid spread and ability to hydrolyse various beta-lactam antibiotics. Rapid tests for these carbapenemase genes are crucial to ensure appropriate prescription administration and infection control. In this study, we developed a rapid visual nanodiagnostic platform for multiplexed detection of carbapenemase genes using a lateral flow strip.

Simultaneous and Visual Detection of KPC and NDM Carbapenemase-Encoding Genes Using Asymmetric PCR and Multiplex Lateral Flow Strip.

Carbapenem-resistant (CRE) infections constitute a threat to public health, and KPC and NDM are the major carbapenemases of concern. Rapid diagnostic tests are highly desirable in point-of-care (POC) and emergency laboratories with limited resources. Here, we developed a multiplex lateral flow assay based on asymmetric PCR and barcode capture probes for the simultaneous detection of KPC-2 and NDM-1.

Conversion of Dinitrogen and Oxygen to Nitric Oxide Mediated by Triatomic Yttrium Cations: Reversible N-N Bond Switching.

The direct coupling of dinitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) to produce value-added chemicals such as nitric acid (HNO) at room temperature is fascinating but quite challenging because of the inertness of N molecules. Herein, an interesting reaction pathway is proposed for a direct conversion of N and O mediated by all-metal Y cations. This reaction pattern begins with the N≡N triple bond cleavage by Y to generate a dinitride cation YN, and the electrons that lead to N activation in this process mainly originate from Y atoms.

Molecular Profiling of a Multi-Strain Hypervirulent Infection Within a Single Patient.

Background: The rising prevalence of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant and hypervirulent (CR-hvKP) has outpaced our understanding of their evolutionary diversity. By straining the antimicrobial options and constant horizontal gene transfer of various pathogenic elements, CR-hvKP poses a global health threat.

Methods: Six isolates (KP1~KP6) from urine, sputum and groin infection secretion of a single patient were characterized phenotypically and genotypically.

The Impact of Aging and Toll-like Receptor 2 Deficiency on the Clinical Outcomes of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia.

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) causes a broad range of infections. Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 senses the S.

Huntington-associated protein 1 inhibition contributes to neuropathic pain by suppressing Cav1.2 activity and attenuating inflammation.

Although pain dysfunction is increasingly observed in Huntington disease, the underlying mechanisms still unknown. As a crucial Huntington-associated protein, Huntington-associated protein 1 (HAP1) is enriched in normal spinal dorsal horn and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) which are regarded as "primary sensory center," indicating its potential functions in pain process. Here, we discovered that HAP1 level was greatly increased in the dorsal horn and DRG under acute and chronic pain conditions.

Elucidating the Mechanism of Simultaneous Activation of CH and CO Mediated by Single Group 10 Metal Anions in Gas Phase.

Quantum chemistry calculations predict that besides the reported single metal anion Pt , Ni can also mediate the co-conversion of CO and CH to form [CH -M(CO )-H] complex, followed by transformation to C-C coupling product [H CCOO-M-H] (A), hydrogenation products [H C-M-OCOH] (B) and [H C-M-COOH] . For Pd , a fourth product channel leading to PdCO …CH becomes more competitive. For Ni , the feed order must be CO first, as the weaker donor-acceptor interaction between Ni and CH increases the C-H activation barrier, which is reduced by [Ni-CO ] .

Stabilizing Halogen-Bonded Complex between Metallic Anion and Iodide.

Halogen bonds (XBs) between metal anions and halides have seldom been reported because metal anions are reactive for XB donors. The pyramidal-shaped Mn(CO) anion is a candidate metallic XB acceptor with a ligand-protected metal core that maintains the negative charge and an open site to accept XB donors. Herein, Mn(CO) is prepared by electrospray ionization, and its reaction with CHI in gas phase is studied using mass spectrometry and density functional theory (DFT) calculation.

Phenol-soluble modulin α and β display divergent roles in mice with staphylococcal septic arthritis.

Phenol-soluble modulin α (PSMα) is identified as potent virulence factors in Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infections. Very little is known about the role of PSMβ which belongs to the same toxin family.

Report of a Fatal Purulent Pericarditis Case Caused by ST11-K64 Carbapenem-Resistant Hypervirulent .

The report describes a 44-year-old female patient who died of the rare acute purulent pericarditis caused by (KP). The genomic analysis revealed an extensively drug-resistant ST11-K64 KP strain from five isolates (blood cultures, urine, ascites, pericardial effusion, and sputum). Several high virulence (hv) and carbapenem-resistant (CR) genes were identified in the pericardial effuse isolate.

Commensal Bacteria Augment septic Arthritis in a Dose-Dependent Manner.

Background: Septic arthritis is considered one of the most dangerous joints diseases and is mainly caused by the Gram-positive bacterium (). Human skin commensals are known to augment infections. The aim of this study was to investigate if human commensals could augment -induced septic arthritis.

Ultrahigh Energy Storage Density and High Efficiency in Lead-Free (BiNa)(FeTi)O-Modified NaNbO Ceramics via Stabilizing the Antiferroelectric Phase and Enhancing Relaxor Behavior.

Dielectric capacitors have attracted growing attention because of their important applications in advanced high power and/or pulsed power electronic devices. Nevertheless, the synergistic enhancement of recoverable energy storage density ( > 10 J/cm) and efficiency (η > 80%) is still a great challenge for lead-free dielectric bulk ceramics. Herein, by introducing complex perovskite compound (BiNa)(FeTi)O with a smaller tolerance factor into an NaNbO matrix (NN-BNFT), we have achieved and explored stable relaxor antiferroelectric ceramics with enhanced relaxor behavior.

Microservice Security Framework for IoT by Mimic Defense Mechanism.

Containers and microservices have become the most popular method for hosting IoT applications in cloud servers. However, one major security issue of this method is that if a container image contains software with security vulnerabilities, the associated microservices also become vulnerable at run-time. Existing works attempted to reduce this risk with vulnerability-scanning tools.

Computational Studies of Coinage Metal Anion M + CHX (X = F, Cl, Br, I) Reactions in Gas Phase.

We characterized the stationary points along the nucleophilic substitution (S2), oxidative insertion (OI), halogen abstraction (XA), and proton transfer (PT) product channels of M + CHX (M = Cu, Ag, Au; X = F, Cl, Br, I) reactions using the CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory. In general, the reaction energies follow the order of PT > XA > S2 > OI. The OI channel that results in oxidative insertion complex [CH-M-X] is most exothermic, and can be formed through a front-side attack of M on the C-X bond via a high transition state OxTS or through a S2-mediated halogen rearrangement path via a much lower transition state invTS.

Room-Temperature Dinitrogen and Carbon Dioxide Activation to Form Nitrogen-Carbon Bonds by Quaternary Cluster Anions: Gold-Assisted Enhancement of Reactivity.

Coupling conversion of CO and N molecules under mild conditions to form useful N-C bond-containing products has attracted significant attention. However, the activation and direct coupling of such very inert molecules are quite challenging. Herein, we determined that this coupling reaction can be realized by AuNbBO quaternary anions at room temperature.

[Effects of medium and long-term insulin pretreatment on the activity of main oxidase and antioxidant enzyme in the myocardium of burned rats with delayed fluid resuscitation].

Objective: To observe the effects of medium and long-term insulin pretreatment on the activity of main oxidase and antioxidant enzyme in the myocardium of burned rats with delayed fluid resuscitation.

Methods: According to random number table method, forty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into pseudo-burn group, burn delayed resuscitation group, insulin glargine pretreatment group and neutral protamine hagedorn (NPH) insulin pretreatment group, with 10 rats in each group. 30% total body surface area (TBSA) as III degree scald model was prepared by bathing the back of rats in 95 centigrade hot water for 15 s; the rats in the pseudo-burn group were immersed in 37 centigrade warm water for 15 s as control.