Microwave-Sintered Nano-SiC Reinforced 8SiC/Ti-3Cu Composite: Fabrication, Wear Resistance, Antibacterial Function, and Biocompatibility.

The significance of biomedical applications of Ti alloys is best emphasized by their widespread utilization as implantable materials, such as internal supports and bone replacements. Ti alloys are sensitive to fretting wear, which leads to the early failure of Ti implants. Improved wear resistance of such implants is essential to ensure a prolonged implant life.

Reactivating and reorganizing activity-silent working memory: two distinct mechanisms underlying pinging the brain.

Recent studies have proposed that visual information in working memory (WM) can be maintained in an activity-silent state and reactivated by task-irrelevant high-contrast visual impulses ("ping"). Although pinging the brain has become a popular tool for exploring activity-silent WM, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the current study, we directly compared the neural reactivation effects and behavioral consequences of spatial-nonmatching and spatial-matching pings to distinguish the noise-reduction and target-interaction hypotheses of pinging the brain.

Effects of low temperature on the microbial community of MBBR filler biofilm.

Moving bed biofilm reactors can purify urban domestic sewage through microbial biodegradation. High-throughput sequencing was used to study the response mechanism of the biofilm microbial community to temperature. The effluent quality of the reactor declined with the decrease in temperature.

Viral Myocarditis.

Viral myocarditis is associated with the development of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), left ventricular dysfunction, and heart failure. This review addresses the mechanisms of viral myocarditis and its treatment.

What drives Chinese youth to use fitness-related health information on social media? An analysis of intrinsic needs, social media algorithms, and source credibility.

Introduction: The role of social media in providing fitness-related health information has been widely discussed; however, there is a notable lack of research on fitness-related health information behaviors among youth within the social media context. This study aims to address this gap by integrating Self-Determination Theory (SDT)-based internal factors and external factors (social media algorithms and source credibility).

Methods: A voluntary sample of 600 participants, aged 15 to 29, was recruited.

Single-cell RNA-seq reveals as a prognostic biomarker in low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma.

Background: Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LG-ESS) is a rare uterine malignancy characterized by its complex tumor microenvironment (TME) and high recurrence rates, posing challenges to accurate prognosis and effective treatment. Identifying prognostic biomarkers is essential for improving patient stratification and guiding therapeutic strategies.

Methods: Using single-cell transcriptome analysis combined with H&E and multiplex immunofluorescence staining, we identified a subpopulation of tumor cells in LG-ESS and further validated the association of this subpopulation and its characteristic genes with LG-ESS prognosis by molecular characterization and bulk transcriptome data.

5-Fluorouracil Loaded Prebiotic-Probiotic Liposomes Modulating Gut Microbiota for Improving Colorectal Cancer Chemotherapy.

The gut microbiota exerts inhibitory effects on the occurrence and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) through various mechanisms. Compared to traditional microbiota regulation methods, prebiotics and probiotics demonstrate significant advantages in terms of safety and patient adaptability. Their synergy not only improves the intestinal environment but also enhances the host's anti-tumor immune response.

[Inhibition of miR-30d-5p promotes mitochondrial autophagy and alleviates high glucose-induced injury in podocytes].

Objectives: To study the role of microRNA (miR)-30d-5p in high glucose-induced podocyte injury.

Methods: Podocytes were hyperglycated with 30 mmol/L glucose, transfected with miR-30d-5p inhibitor and mimic, and then treated with 1 mg/mL 3-methyladenine (3-MA). The transfection efficiency of miR-30d-5p was quantified by reverse transcription PCR.

Interleukin 15-Presenting Nanovesicles with Doxorubicin-Loaded Ferritin Cores for Cancer Immunochemotherapy.

Interleukin 15 (IL15) is crucial for fostering the survival and proliferation of nature killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), playing a pivotal role in tumor control. However, IL15 supplementary therapy encounters challenges such as systemic inflammation and non-specific stimulation of cancer cells. Herein, a nanovesicle termed DoxFILN, comprising a membrane presenting IL15/IL15 receptor α complexes (IL15c) and a core of doxorubicin-loaded ferritin (Dox-Fn) are reported.

Proteomics exploration of metformin hydrochloride for diabetic kidney disease treatment via the butanoate metabolism pathway.

Diabetic nephropathy (DKD) is a diabetesrelated kidney injury with an increasing incidence every year. Metformin hydrochloride (MET), a cornerstone treatment for glucose lowering, has been widely reported for the treatment of DKD, but the specific molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets still need to be further explored. We used kidney tissues from db/db mice as samples and used proteomics and bioinformatics to analyse the function, distribution and related pathways of differential proteins in DKD, focusing on the assessment of the binding energies of key proteins in the butyrate pathway and drugs at the molecular level, which showed that the expression profiles of differential proteins in kidney tissues were altered after MET treatment, involving energy metabolism.

Conformation Influences Biological Fates of Peptide-Based Nanofilaments by Modulating Protein Adsorption and Interfilament Entanglement.

Filamentous structures exert biological functions mediated by multivalent interactions with their counterparts in sharp contrast with spherical ones. The physicochemical properties and unique behaviors of nanofilaments that are associated with multivalent interaction with protein are poorly understood. Here, peptide-based nanofilaments containing different homotetrapeptidic inserts are reported and their protein adsorption and biological fates are tested.

Berberine Mediates Exosomes Regulating the Lipid Metabolism Pathways to Promote Apoptosis of RA-FLS Cells.

: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by joint damage and commonly linked to symptoms such as inflammation, swelling, and pain. Traditional Chinese Medicine offers complementary and integrative approaches in the management of rheumatoid arthritis, potentially providing additional options that may help address treatment challenges and enhance overall patient care. This paper explores the mechanism of action of berberine from the perspective of cellular exosomes by mediating exosomal contents and thus treating RA.

Rational strategies for improving the efficiency of design and discovery of nanomedicines.

The rise of rational strategies in nanomedicine development, such as high-throughput methods and computer-aided techniques, has led to a shift in the design and discovery patterns of nanomedicines from a trial-and-error mode to a rational mode. This transition facilitates the enhancement of efficiency in the preclinical discovery pipeline of nanomaterials, particularly in improving the hit rate of nanomaterials and the optimization efficiency of promising candidates. Herein, we describe a directed evolution mode of nanomedicines driven by data to accelerate the discovery of nanomaterials with high delivery efficiency.

Novel Tree Shrew-Derived Antimicrobial Peptide with Broad-Spectrum Antibacterial Activity.

The number of cationic residues and net charge are critical for the activity of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) due to their role in facilitating initial electrostatic interactions with negatively charged bacterial membranes. A cathelicidin AMP (TC-33) has been identified from the Chinese tree shrew in our previous work, which exhibited weak antimicrobial activity, likely due to its moderately cationic nature. In the current study, based on TC-33, we designed a novel AMP by peptide truncation and Glu substitutions to increase its net cationic charge from +4 to +8.

Ectopic expression of NKG7 enhances CAR-T function and improves the therapeutic efficacy in liquid and solid tumors.

Lack of biopsies after treatment, especially in solid tumors, restricts the understanding of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells -related characteristic in vivo, thus hindering the development of strategies to improve CAR-T cells efficacy. Here, we applied nineteen individual single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from clinical samples of digestive cancers to explore the characteristics of tumor-infiltrating T cells (TILs) to identify effective targets which might be benefit for enhancing the function of CAR-T cells. The data showed that natural killer cell granule protein 7 (NKG7) was overexpressed in TILs and positively associated with anti-PD1 or anti-CTLA4 therapy in digestive cancers.

External damp environment aggravates diarrhea in spleen deficiency and dampness syndrome in mice: involvement of small intestinal contents microbiota, energy metabolism, gastrointestinal and fluid functions.

Objectives: Recent studies have increasingly demonstrated that a multiplatform water environment combined with lard gavage is an effective method for establishing a mouse model of diarrhea. However, the interactions between intestinal microorganisms and diarrhea, as well as the relationships among energy metabolism, fluid balance, and gastrointestinal function in this model, remain poorly understood.

Methods: Building on previous research, this study aimed to optimiz and replicate a multiplatform water environment combined with a lard gavage model.

Fresh insights into structure-function-integrated self-antibacterial Cu-containing Al alloys: giving Al alloys a new function.

Contact infection by bacteria and viruses is a serious concern to human health. The increasing occurrence of public health problems has stimulated the urgent need for the development of antibacterial materials. Al alloys are the fastest-growing mass-produced material group, a prerequisite for the lightweight design of vehicles, food containers and storage, as well as civil-engineering structures.

Mask use in Chinese children admitted to the outpatient department: a single-center cross-sectional study.

Background: Mask use is a critical precaution to prevent the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a crowded or densely populated indoor environment. There is still a lack of large-sample studies on mask use in children during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A questionnaire was distributed to individuals under 18 years of age from the pediatric outpatient department from November 2021 to May 2022.