Repairment of an interrupted oculomotor nerve in the cavernous sinus.

Oculomotor nerve palsy following head trauma can cause eye movement disorders and severe visual problems, but it was considered to have a poor prognosis with a wide range of interventions in the past. However, we performed neuroanastomosis in a patient with isolated oculomotor nerve injury and obtained a satisfactory long-term recovery, although the short-term effect was not obvious. The clinical presentation, surgical management, and functional rehabilitation of this patient are discussed.

Microvascular decompression for abducens nerve palsy associate with neurovascular conflict.

Abducens nerve palsy caused by neurovascular conflicts is rare and requires further exploration. This study aimed to investigate the clinical features and surgical outcomes of abducens palsy caused by neurovascular conflict. Twenty-six patients with abducens palsy caused by neurovascular conflict were included in present study.

Epineurectomy of extracranial facial nerve trunk for non-flaccid sequelae following Bell's palsy: a single-arm trial.

Background: Non-flaccid facial palsy sequelae manifest as sequelae following Bell's palsy. Currently, there are no effective remedies for addressing this issue. In this study, the authors proposed a new surgical solution, epineurectomy of the extracranial facial nerve trunk, and assessed its safety and efficacy as a potential remedy.

Salvaging the transected hypoglossal nerve using descendens hypoglossi in patients undergoing hypoglossal-facial nerve anastomosis for facial palsy: a randomized clinical trial.

Objective: Hypoglossal-facial nerve anastomosis (HFA) is the most commonly used surgical treatment for severe facial palsy that does not respond to conservative treatments. A major complication of HFA is the loss of tongue function. The authors aimed to evaluate whether anastomosing the transected hypoglossal nerve using the ramus descendens hypoglossi could prevent tongue deviation and dysfunction in patients undergoing HFA.

Predicting postoperative delirium after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting in patients with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis.

Objective: Known as a major surgical complication, postoperative delirium (POD) has not been well studied in patients with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS). This study aimed to investigate the correlation between perioperative clinical characteristics and the occurrence of POD.

Methods: Patients' demographic characteristics and perioperative testing data were collected.

Microvascular Decompression Using the Gelatin Sponge Insertion Technique for Trigeminal Neuralgia: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background And Objectives: Microvascular decompression (MVD) is the primary surgical intervention for trigeminal neuralgia (TN), with Teflon being the most conventional decompressing material. However, Teflon has been associated with adhesion and granulomas after MVD, which closely correlated with the recurrence of TN. Therefore, we developed a new technique to prevent direct contact between Teflon and nerve.

Surgical Removal of Foramen Ovale Osteophyte Completely Relieved Atypical Trigeminal Neuralgia: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Atypical trigeminal neuralgia (TN), usually caused by nonvascular compression, lacks a clearly localized trigger and complete remission periods. Although variations of foramen ovale may compress the mandibular nerve branch of the trigeminal nerve, resulting in atypical TN, only a few case reports are reported in the literature. The authors describe a case of a 50-year-old female diagnosed with atypical TN for two months.

Revisiting the Efficacy of Redo Microvascular Decompression for Trigeminal Neuralgia.

Background: Microvascular decompression (MVD) is an effective nondestructive neurosurgical procedure for trigeminal neuralgia (TN). However, some patients may undergo surgery failure or experience pain recurrence, sparking debates on the need for reoperation.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 103 cases of patients with primary TN who underwent redo MVD at our center between January 2020 and December 2022.

Hypoxic Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Direct Schwann Cells Proliferation, Migration, and Paracrine to Accelerate Facial Nerve Regeneration via circRNA_Nkd2/miR-214-3p/MED19 Axis.

Background: Facial nerves have the potential for regeneration following injury, but this process is often challenging and slow. Schwann cells (SCs) are pivotal in this process. Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC)-derived exosomes promote tissue repair through paracrine action, with hypoxic preconditioning enhancing their effects.

Branched-chain aminotransferase 1 promotes Schwann cell migration and proliferation to accelerate facial nerve regeneration through the Twist/FoxC1 and Sox2 pathways.

Facial paralysis caused by injury to the facial nerve is common clinical presentation resulting in significant physical and psychological damage. In addition, due to the lack of understanding about the mechanisms of injury and repair and the lack of effective treatment targets, the clinical treatment outcomes for such patients remain poor. Schwann cells (SCs) have a central role in the regeneration of nerve myelin.

New Technology: Compound Abnormal Muscle Response During Microvascular Decompression for Hemifacial Spasm.

Objective: To discuss effect of intraoperative compound abnormal muscle response (AMR) in patients undergoing microvascular decompression (MVD) for hemifacial spasm (HFS).

Methods: Eighty-six HFS patients were underwent single or compound AMR monitoring during MVD. Single AMR recording was from the frontal muscle by stimulation of the marginal mandibular branch.

Relationship between serum gonadal hormone levels and synkinesis in postmenopausal women and man with idiopathic facial paralysis.

Objective: To investigate whether serum gonadal hormone levels are correlated to the development of facial synkinesis following Bell's palsy in postmenopausal women and man.

Methods: A total of 149 patients with Bell's palsy were enrolled in this study. All patients were instructed in standard treatment strategy by expert staff from their first visit.

Hemifacial Spasm: Comparison of Results between Patients Older and Younger than 70 Years Operated on with Microvascular Decompression.

Objective:  The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of microvascular decompression (MVD) for primary hemifacial spasm (HFS) in patients aged ≥70 years and to compare the outcome with a control cohort of younger patients(<70 years).

Methods:  In this retrospective study, subjects were divided into two groups: an elderly group (patients who were ≥70 years) and a younger group. We compared demographic and clinical data, surgical outcome, MVD-related complications, and duration of operation and hospitalization after MVD between the two groups.

A New Application of Gelatin Sponge in the Treatment of Hemifacial Spasm by Microvascular Decompression: A Technical Note.

Objectives:  Microvascular decompression (MVD) for facial nerve remains the highly efficient hemifacial spasm (HFS) treatment. Nonetheless, a variety of cases have poor response to MVD. Using Teflon plus gelatin sponge in MVD seems to be a good solution.

Blink reflex monitoring in microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia.

: To determine the value of the blink reflex in evaluating trigeminal sensory function during microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia.: The blink reflex (BR) in 103 patients with primary typical trigeminal neuralgia treated by microvascular decompression (MVD) was tested pre- and intraoperatively. The changes in BR were recorded.

ANXA1 directs Schwann cells proliferation and migration to accelerate nerve regeneration through the FPR2/AMPK pathway.

Many factors are involved in the process of nerve regeneration. Understanding the mechanisms regarding how these factors promote an efficient remyelination is crucial to deciphering the molecular and cellular processes required to promote nerve repair. Schwann cells (SCs) play a central role in the process of peripheral nerve repair/regeneration.

Metagenomic next-generation sequencing of viruses, bacteria, and fungi in the epineurium of the facial nerve with Bell's palsy patients.

Bell's palsy (BP) represents a major cause leading to facial paralysis in the world. The etiology of BP is still unknown, and virology is the prevailing theory. The purpose of this study is to explore the pathogenic microorganisms that may be related to BP, and it is of great significance to study the pathogenesis and treatment of BP.

PD-L1 Inhibitor Regulates the miR-33a-5p/PTEN Signaling Pathway and Can Be Targeted to Sensitize Glioblastomas to Radiation.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal brain tumor in adults. Ionizing radiation (IR) is a standard treatment for GBM patients and results in DNA damage. However, the clinical efficacy of IR is limited due to therapeutic resistance.

A successful treatment of hemifacial spasm due to anterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysm in adolescent: a case report and literature review.

Objective: Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is usually caused by compression of the facial nerve at the root exit zone (REZ), and is extremely rare in adolescents and even rarer in aneurysm compression.

Case Report: We describe symptomatic hemifacial spasm caused by a saccular aneurysm of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) that was treated by clipping. A 17-year-old adolescent developed left hemifacial spasm that had gradually worsened over a period of 1 year before admission to our department.

Overexpression of Foxc1 regenerates crushed rat facial nerves by promoting Schwann cells migration via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Facial paralysis can result in severe implications for patients. A good prognosis depends on the degree of nerve regeneration. Schwann cells (SCs) play an important role in facial nerve development and regeneration through migration.

Long-term Outcomes of Microvascular Decompression in the Treatment of Hemifacial Spasm Based on Different Offending Vessels.

Objective:  To evaluate clinical features, outcomes, and complications in patients with hemifacial spasm (HFS) after microvascular decompression (MVD) of different offending vessels.

Methods:  Clinical data were collected from 362 patients with HFS treated with MVD between January 2013 and January 2014. Patients were divided into five groups based on the offending vessel: A (anterior inferior cerebellar artery [AICA] compression), B (posterior inferior cerebellar artery [PICA] compression), C (AICA plus PICA compression), D (vertebral artery [VA] compression), and E (VA plus small vessel compression).