Semaglutide ameliorates Alzheimer's disease and restores oxytocin in APP/PS1 mice and human brain organoid models.

Aims: To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Semaglutide in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and identify its potential targets.

Methods: We systematically evaluated the effect of Semaglutide on Alzheimer's disease (AD), using both mice and human organoid models.

Results: Behavioral analyses on APP/PS1 mice demonstrated that Semaglutide improved the cognitive capabilities, particularly in the learning and memory domains.

Clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic analysis of PIK3CA mutation in breast cancer patients in Northwest China.

Purpose: Multiple studies on PIK3CA mutations in breast cancer (BC) had been performed, which showed the controversial results among different countries and races even those from the same country. The present study aimed to explore the PIK3CA gene mutation status in BC patients in Northwest China and reveal the relationship between PIK3CA mutations and clinicopathological features along with prognosis.

Materials And Methods: 1002 BC patients from Northwest China were recruited in this study, genomic DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor tissues, and hotspot mutations in the exon 9 and 20 of PIK3CA gene were detected by ARMS-PCR.

Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion and blood-brain barrier disruption in uninjured brain areas of rhesus monkeys subjected to transient ischemic stroke.

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption is a pivotal pathophysiological process in ischemic stroke. Although temporal changes in BBB permeability during the acute phase have been widely studied, little is known about the chronic phase of cerebrovascular changes that may have a large impact on the long-term outcome. Therefore, this study was aimed to measure cerebral vascular abnormalities using CT perfusion in nine rhesus monkeys subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) for ≥1 year (MCAO-1Y+).

Potential effects of antibiotic-induced gut microbiome alteration on blood-brain barrier permeability compromise in rhesus monkeys.

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) contributes to the maintenance of brain homeostasis. Gut microbiome composition affects BBB development and expression of tight junction proteins in rodents. However, we still do not know if there is any direct effect of gut microbial composition on BBB permeability and function in normal adult animals.

Efficacy evaluation of reteplase in a novel canine acute pulmonary thromboembolism model developed by minimally invasive surgery and digital subtraction angiography.

Purpose: In order to evaluate the thrombolytic effects of reteplase in pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), we developed a novel canine PTE model. The efficacy of reteplase against PTE in comparison to alteplase was clarified for the first time, and this PTE model could be further applied to studies of novel thrombolytic therapies.

Patients And Methods: Twenty-four dogs were divided into four groups: sham operation, vehicle, alteplase, and reteplase.

Identification and Characterization of microRNA319a and Its Putative Target Gene, , in the Bioenergy Grass Switchgrass ().

Due to its high biomass yield, low environmental impact, and widespread adaptability to poor soils and harsh conditions, switchgrass ( L.), a warm-region perennial herbaceous plant, has attracted much attention in recent years. However, little is known about microRNAs (miRNAs) and their functions in this bioenergy grass.

Temporal analysis of blood-brain barrier disruption and cerebrospinal fluid matrix metalloproteinases in rhesus monkeys subjected to transient ischemic stroke.

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption plays an important role in pathophysiological progress of ischemic stroke. However, our knowledge of the dynamic change of BBB permeability and its mechanism remains limited. In the current study, we used a non-human primate (NHP) MCAO model and a serial CSF sampling method that allowed us to determine the dynamic change of BBB permeability by calculating the CSF/serum albumin ratio (AR).

Corrigendum: De novo assembly of the Japanese lawngrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.) root transcriptome and identification of candidate unigenes related to early responses under salt stress.

[This corrects the article on p. 610 in vol. 6, PMID: 26347751.

De novo assembly of the Japanese lawngrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.) root transcriptome and identification of candidate unigenes related to early responses under salt stress.

Japanese lawngrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.) is an important warm-season turfgrass that is able to survive in a range of soils, from infertile sands to clays, and to grow well under saline conditions. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms involved in its resistance to salt stress.

Retinoic Acid promotes interleukin-4 plasmid-dimethylsulfoxide topical transdermal delivery for treatment of psoriasis.

Background: Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease that is caused by a shift in the Th1/Th2 balance toward Th1-dominant immunity. It has been established as an effective treatment to counteract psoriasis by subcutaneous injection of recombinant interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-4 gene therapy by topical transdermal penetration has shown its antipsoriatic effect in mice. Retinoic acid (RA) and dimethylsulfoxide can increase the efficiency of gene transfection in the topical transdermal delivery system.

Cellular immunotherapy for carcinoma using genetically modified EGFR-specific T lymphocytes.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed in a variety of human malignancies, including pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer. Overexpression of EGFR is a predictive marker of therapeutic response and several lines of evidence suggest that EGFR is an excellent target for tumor therapy. However, the effective antitumor capacity of EGFR-specific T cells against EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells has not been fully elucidated.

In vitro and in vivo anti-tumor activities of anti-EGFR single-chain variable fragment fused with recombinant gelonin toxin.

Purpose: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays an important role in the growth and metastasis of many solid tumors. Strategies that target EGFR hold promising therapeutic potential for the treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as EGFR is normally overexpressed in these tumors. This study was designed to determine whether an anti-EGFR immunotoxin has anti-tumor activity against NSCLC, and if so, to further investigate the possible mechanisms of cytotoxicity.

[Antitumoral efficacy by systemic delivery of cationic liposome-plasmid interleukin-15 complexes in murine models of lung metastasis].

Aim: To investigate the therapeutic effect of the plasmid pcDNA3.1-IL15 complexed with cationic liposome (CL-IL15) in the B16-F10 melanoma lung metastasis model.

Methods: A plasmid with high secretive efficiency of IL-15 was constructed and the optimum mix ratio was determined to formulate cationic liposome-plasmid complex with the optimal encapsulation.

A novel transdermal plasmid-dimethylsulfoxide delivery technique for treatment of psoriasis.

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory skin disease associated with various immunologic abnormalities. Repeated subcutaneous injection of interleukin-4 (IL-4) has been established as an effective treatment to counteract psoriasis.

Objective: We investigated whether gene therapy using IL-4 expression plasmid (pIL-4) via transdermal delivery was an alternative treatment for psoriasis.

Retinoic acid and dimethyl sulfoxide promote efficient delivery of transgenes to mouse skin by topically transdermal penetration.

Simple and efficient gene transfer to the skin would facilitate many local and systemic gene therapy applications. This study reports a novel approach that allows expression of plasmid DNA in epidermis and hair follicle cells with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) after pre-treatment with depilation and retinoic acid (RA) for the purposes of gene therapy. This study investigated the transdermal efficacy of gene to mouse skin when utilizing DMSO after RA pre-treatment.