Efficacy and safety of epidural clonidine by continuous infusion or patient-controlled analgesia in labor: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Epidural clonidine improves analgesia but may induce adverse effects in labor.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of epidural clonidine as local anesthetics (LA) adjuvant by continuous infusion or patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) in labor.

Search Strategy: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and CENTRAL were searched from inception to May 10, 2022 without language restriction; references of the retrieved studies were hand searched.

Prophylactic infusion of phenylephrine increases the median effective dose of intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine in cesarean section: A prospective randomized study.

Background: Phenylephrine infusion to prevent spinal-induced hypotension can attenuate cephalic spread of intrathecal bupivacaine. Therefore, we suspected the intrathecal dose requirement for bupivacaine may differ when using phenylephrine infusion to prevent spinal-induced hypotension in cesarean section. We designed a prospective, randomized study to determine the ED50 of hyperbaric bupivacaine for cesarean section under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia in healthy parturients with and without prophylactic phenylephrine infusion to prevent spinal-induced hypotension.

Abdominal girth, vertebral column length and spread of intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine in the term parturient.

Background: We aimed to test whether abdominal girth and vertebral column length were predictors of spinal hyperbaric bupivacaine spread in term parturients.

Methods: A total of 128 parturients having elective caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia were enrolled. Combined spinal-epidural anaesthesia was performed at the L3/4 interspace, confirmed by ultrasonography.

The Dose-response of Intrathecal Ropivacaine Co-administered with Sufentanil for Cesarean Delivery under Combined Spinal-epidural Anesthesia in Patients with Scarred Uterus.

Background: Spinal anesthesia is considered as a reasonable anesthetic option in lower abdominal and lower limb surgery. This study was to determine the dose-response of intrathecal ropivacaine in patients with scarred uterus undergoing cesarean delivery under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia.

Methods: Seventy-five patients with scarred uterus undergoing elective cesarean delivery under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia were enrolled in this randomized, double-blinded, dose-ranging study.

ED 50 and ED 95 of intrathecal bupivacaine coadministered with sufentanil for cesarean delivery under combined spinal-epidural in severely preeclamptic patients.

Background: Spinal anesthesia was considered as a reasonable anesthetic option in severe preeclampsia when cesarean delivery is indicated, and there is no indwelling epidural catheter or contraindication to spinal anesthesia. However, the ideal dose of intrathecal bupivacaine has not been quantified for cesarean delivery for severe preeclamptic patients. This study aimed to determine the ED 50 and ED 95 of intrathecal bupivacaine for severely preeclamptic patients undergoing elective cesarean delivery.