Multicenter study on clinical outcomes and poor prognostic factors in patients with Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia receiving cefoperazone/sulbactam treatment.

Background: Infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae are common and result in high mortality rates. In vitro studies demonstrated the potency of cefoperazone/sulbactam (CPZ/SUL) against Klebsiella pneumoniae. However, the clinical efficacy of CPZ/SUL for the treatment of K.

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Isolates from Intra-Abdominal Infections in the Asia-Pacific Region: Trends in Ciprofloxacin, Ceftriaxone, Cefepime, and Piperacillin/Tazobactam Susceptibility.

Purpose: To investigate the antibiotic susceptibility of isolates in patients diagnosed with intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) in the Asia-Pacific region.

Patients And Methods: This study was conducted at 50 medical hospitals across 9 countries/regions as part of the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART) surveillance program from 2014 to 2018. Nonduplicate isolates of aerobic and facultative gram-negative bacilli were collected and processed for further antimicrobial susceptibility testing.

The effect of with prebiotics on KPC-2-producing .

Objectives: This study investigated the inhibitory effect of spp. with prebiotics against carbapenemase-2 (KPC-2)-producing using both experiments and animal models.

Methods: Thirty-three spp.

Gaps in antimicrobial stewardship programmes in Asia: a survey of 10 countries.

Objectives: To determine antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programme practices in Asian secondary- and tertiary-care hospitals.

Methods: AMS programme team members within 349 hospitals from 10 countries (Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Pakistan, the Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand and Vietnam) completed a questionnaire via a web-based survey link. The survey contained questions as to whether 12 core components deemed essential for AMS programmes were implemented.

Correlation Between Cefoperazone/Sulbactam MIC Values and Clinical Outcomes of Escherichia coli Bacteremia.

Introduction: The clinical efficiency of cefoperazone/sulbactam (CPZ/SUL) against Escherichia coli bacteremia was unknown. This study aimed to explore the relationship between CPZ/SUL MIC values and clinical outcomes in Escherichia coli bacteremia.

Methods: A multicenter, retrospective, observational cohort study was conducted in Taiwan between January 2015 and December 2020.

Distribution of β-lactamases and emergence of carbapenemases co-occurring Enterobacterales isolates with high-level antibiotic resistance identified from patients with intra-abdominal infection in the Asia-Pacific region, 2015-2018.

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to assess the geographic distribution and molecular characteristics of β-lactamases among Enterobacterales isolates causing intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) from 2015 to 2018 in the Asia-Pacific region.

Method: Isolates were investigated for extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), AmpC β-lactamases, and carbapenemases using multiplex PCR assays and full-gene DNA sequencing.

Result: A total of 832 Enterobacterales isolates from 8 different countries with β-lactamase genes were analysed.

Molecular characteristics and in vitro effects of antimicrobial combinations on planktonic and biofilm forms of Elizabethkingia anophelis.

Objectives: To investigate the in vitro activity of antibiotics against clinical Elizabethkingia anophelis isolates and to find a suitable antibiotic combination with synergistic effects to combat antibiotic-resistant E. anophelis and its associated biofilm.

Methods: E.

Does Antimicrobial Therapy Affect Mortality of Patients with Carbapenem-Resistant Bacteriuria? A Nationwide Multicenter Study in Taiwan.

Few clinical studies have previously discussed patients with carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) bacteriuria. This study aimed to assess the effect of antimicrobial therapy on the mortality of patients with CRKP bacteriuria. Hospitalized adults with CRKP bacteriuria were enrolled retrospectively from 16 hospitals in Taiwan during 2013 and 2014.

UvrY is required for the full virulence of .

is an emerging human pathogen which causes fast and severe infections worldwide. Under the gradual pressure of lacking useful antibiotics, finding a new strategy against infection is urgent. To understand its pathogenesis, we created an AAK1 mini-Tn10 transposon library to study the mechanism of infection.

Tigecycline Therapy for Infections Caused by Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing in Critically Ill Patients.

We aimed to evaluate tigecycline on the clinical effectiveness in treating complicated skin and soft tissue infections (cSSTI), complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAI), and pneumonia, caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae, as data are limited. From three medical centers in Taiwan, we retrospectively studied the cSSTI, cIAI, and/or pneumonia caused by ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Among the 71 patients, including 39 patients infected with , 30 infected with and others, the clinical success rate of tigecycline-based therapy was 80%-90% for pneumonia and cSSTI caused by and 50%-60% for cIAI caused by and .

In Vitro Synergy of Extract in Combination with Antibiotics for Inhibiting and Killing Methicillin-Resistant .

Aims: Currently, we face the serious problem of multiple drug-resistant pathogens. The development of new antimicrobial agents is very costly and time-consuming. Therefore, the use of medicinal plants as a source of alternative antibiotics or for enhancing antibiotic effectiveness is important.

Antimicrobial ability and mechanism analysis of Lactobacillus species against carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae.

Background: This study aims to investigate the antimicrobial ability and mechanism analysis of Lactobacillus species against carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE).

Methods: Five Lactobacillus spp. strains and 18 CPE clinical isolates were collected.

In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Various Cefoperazone/Sulbactam Products.

This study aims to assess the in vitro activity of different samples of cefoperazone/sulbactam (CFP/SUL) against multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). Clinical isolates of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-, ESBL-, carbapenem-resistant (CR-AB), and carbapenem-resistant (CR-PA) were collected. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and time-killing methods were used to assess and compare the in vitro activities of different samples of cefoperazone/sulbactam (CFP/SUL) against these MDROs.

Activity of ceftolozane-tazobactam against Gram-negative pathogens isolated from lower respiratory tract infections in the Asia-Pacific region: SMART 2015-2016.

The aim of this study was to investigate the susceptibility of respiratory Gram-negative bacteria to ceftolozane/tazobactam and other antibiotics in the Asia-Pacific region during 2015-2016. MICs were determined using the CLSI standard broth microdilution method and interpreted accordingly. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1574 isolates), Klebsiella pneumoniae (1226), Acinetobacter baumannii (627) and Escherichia coli (476) accounted for 73.

The Potential Role of Sulbactam and Cephalosporins Plus Daptomycin Against Daptomycin-Nonsusceptible VISA and H-VISA Isolates: An in Vitro Study.

This study assesses the synergistic effect of the combination of cephalosporins and sulbactam with daptomycin against daptomycin-nonsusceptible, vancomycin-intermediate resistant (VISA) or heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (h-VISA) isolates. The in vitro activity of daptomycin against daptomycin-nonsusceptible VISA/h-VISA isolates after adding cephalosporins with or without sulbactam was evaluated.

Resistance mechanisms and molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-nonsusceptible in Taiwan, 2012-2015.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the resistance mechanisms and molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-nonsusceptible (CnsEC) in Taiwan.

Patients And Methods: From 2012 to 2015, 237 isolates with minimum inhibitory concentrations of imipenem or meropenem >1 μg/mL were collected in a nationwide surveillance and subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for carbapenemase, AmpC-type β-lactamase, and extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes. We evaluated outer membrane proteins (OmpF and OmpC) loss and conducted multilocus sequence typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).

Randomized Noninferiority Trial of Cefoperazone-Sulbactam versus Cefepime in the Treatment of Hospital-Acquired and Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia.

Cefoperazone, a third-generation cephamycin with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and the ability to permeate bacterial cell membranes, is active against commonly encountered multidrug-resistant pathogens for hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and health care-associated pneumonia (HCAP). To clarify the clinical effects of cefoperazone-sulbactam in the treatment of HAP and HCAP, we conducted an open-label, randomized, noninferiority trial that recruited patients aged ≥18 years suffering HAP/HCAP. Participants were randomly assigned to the cefoperazone-sulbactam (2 g of each per 12 h) or cefepime (2 g per 12 h) arm.

Antimicrobial Activity of Species Against Carbapenem-Resistant .

Objective: This study aims to identify suitable lactobacilli that have anti-carbapenem-resistant (CRE) activity with tolerance to pepsin and bile salts.

Methods: Fifty-seven spp. strains encompassing nine species were collected for investigation.

Indocyanine Green-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy Reduces Methicillin-Resistant Drug Resistance.

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) skin-wound infections are associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Indocyanine green (ICG), a safe and inexpensive dye used in clinical imaging, can be activated by near-infrared in photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) to effectively kill MRSA. However, how this treatment affects MRSA drug sensitivity remains unknown.

Appropriate Treatment for Bloodstream Infections Due to Carbapenem-Resistant and : A Nationwide Multicenter Study in Taiwan.

Background: In a multicenter study from Taiwan, we aimed to investigate the outcome of patients who received different antimicrobial therapy in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae bloodstream infections and proposed a new definition for tigecycline use.

Methods: Patients from 16 hospitals in Taiwan who received appropriate therapy for bloodstream infections due to carbapenem-resistant and were enrolled in the study between January 2012 and June 2015. We used a cox proportional regression model for multivariate analysis to identify independent risk factors of 14-day mortality.

Integrated safety summary of phase II and III studies comparing oral nemonoxacin and levofloxacin in community-acquired pneumonia.

Background: Nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, including activity against antibiotic-resistant strains, and was developed for treating community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). This report provides an integrated safety summary of oral nemonoxacin from two phase II and one phase III clinical studies.

Methods: Patients with mild CAP were randomized for treatment with nemonoxacin 500 mg (NEMO-500MG), nemonoxacin 750 mg (NEMO-750MG), or levofloxacin 500 mg (LEVO), orally, once daily, for 7-10 days.

Recommendations and guidelines for the treatment of pneumonia in Taiwan.

Pneumonia is a leading cause of death worldwide, ranking third both globally and in Taiwan. This guideline was prepared by the 2017 Guidelines Recommendations for Evidence-based Antimicrobial agents use in Taiwan (GREAT) working group, formed under the auspices of the Infectious Diseases Society of Taiwan (IDST). A consensus meeting was held jointly by the IDST, Taiwan Society of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (TSPCCM), the Medical Foundation in Memory of Dr.