Elucidating the linagliptin and fibroblast activation protein binding mechanism through molecular dynamics and binding free energy analysis.

Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is highly expressed in solid tumors and may be a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target in solid cancers. Linagliptin inhibits FAP; however, the interaction mechanism between linagliptin and FAP remains unclear. In this study, the binding free energy for linagliptin with human FAP was estimated at -13.

Regulation of the Rhizosphere Microenvironment by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi to Mitigate the Effects of Cadmium Contamination on Perennial Ryegrass ( L.).

Rhizosphere microorganisms are crucial for enhancing plant stress resistance. Current studies have shown that Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can facilitate vegetation recovery in heavy metal-contaminated soils through interactions with rhizosphere microbiota. However, the mechanisms by which AMF influences rhizosphere microbiota and plant growth under cadmium (Cd) stress remain unclear.

Caffeic acid hinders the proliferation and migration through inhibition of IL-6 mediated JAK-STAT-3 signaling axis in human prostate cancer.

Background: Caffeic acid (CA) is considered a promising phytochemical that has inhibited numerous cancer cell proliferation. Therefore, it is gaining increasing attention due to its safe and pharmacological applications. In this study, we investigated the role of CA in inhibiting the Interleukin-6 (IL-6)/Janus kinase (JAK)/Signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT-3) mediated suppression of the proliferation signaling in human prostate cancer cells.

Synthesis of Sulfinamidines via Iron-Catalyzed Nitrene Transfer Reaction with Sulfenamides.

An iron-catalyzed nitrene transfer reaction for the rapid synthesis of sulfinamidines from readily available sulfenamides is reported. This method features mild conditions, short reaction times, and a broad substrate scope, allowing the preparation of a variety of sulfinamidines in good to excellent yields. The synthetic utility of the sulfinamidine products was further demonstrated through their conversion to other valuable sulfur(VI) compounds, such as sulfondiimidoyl fluorides, sulfinamidiate esters, and sulfonimidamides.

Stiff Hydrogel Encapsulation Retains Mesenchymal Stem Cell Stemness for Regenerative Medicine.

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) stands as a prominent choice in regenerative medicine, yet their therapeutic potential remains controversial due to challenges in maintaining lineage and viability. As directly injected MSCs are quickly cleared by the host immune system, entrapping viable cells in a 3D semi-permeable hydrogel matrix extends cell retention, showing great promise in enhancing therapeutic effect. However, the effects of hydrogel encapsulation on MSC subpopulations are not fully understood.

Dyadic Similarity in Social Value Orientation Modulates Hyper-Brain Network Dynamics During Interpersonal Coordination: An fNIRS-Based Hyperscanning Study.

As the fundamental dispositional determinant of social motivation, social value orientation (SVO) may modulate individuals' response patterns in interpersonal coordination contexts. Adopting fNIRS-based hyperscanning approach, the present investigation uncovered the hyper-brain network topological dynamics underlying the effect of the dyadic similarity in the social value orientation on interpersonal coordination. Our findings indicated that the dyads in proself group exhibited the higher degree of competitive intensity during the competitive coordination block, and the dyads in the prosocial group exhibited a higher degree of cooperative coordination during the cooperative coordination block.

NSUN5 Facilitates Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression by Increasing SMAD3 Expression.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by frequent intrahepatic and distant metastases, resulting in a poor prognosis for patients. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a pivotal role in this process. However, the expression of NOP2/Sun RNA methyltransferase 5 (NSUN5) in HCC and its role in mediating EMT remain poorly understood.

Feasibility, usability and acceptability of a lifestyle-integrated multicomponent exercise delivered via a mobile health platform in community-dwelling pre-frail older adults: a short-term, mixed-methods, prospective pilot study.

Background: Pre-frailty is a window of opportunity for frailty reversal and can be enhanced by multicomponent exercise. The Lifestyle-integrated Functional Exercise (LiFE) program may be a promising alternative to overcome traditional exercise barriers. The latest advancements in mobile health (mHealth) technology have enabled individuals to retain the advantages of supervised exercise training within group settings while providing exercise programs that can be accessed and completed at home.

MEA-NAP: A flexible network analysis pipeline for neuronal 2D and 3D organoid multielectrode recordings.

Microelectrode array (MEA) recordings are commonly used to compare firing and burst rates in neuronal cultures. MEA recordings can also reveal microscale functional connectivity, topology, and network dynamics-patterns seen in brain networks across spatial scales. Network topology is frequently characterized in neuroimaging with graph theoretical metrics.

Overactive PKA signaling underlies the hyperalgesia in an ADHD mouse model.

There is an intimate relationship between pain hypersensitivity and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, the underlying mechanisms are still elusive. Individuals carrying the mutation in (c. 1657 + 3A > C), which leads to deletion of exon 11 expression in the CRY1 protein (CRY1Δ11), exhibit ADHD symptoms.

Synthesis of Indole- and Benzofuran-Based Benzylic Sulfones by Palladium-Catalyzed Sulfonylation of -Iodoaryl Allenes.

A highly efficient palladium-catalyzed domino coupling reaction of -iodoaryl allene with sodium sulfonates under mild conditions is described. This novel method provides a practical protocol to access diverse indole- and benzofuran-containing sulfones by simultaneous construction of C(sp)-C(sp) bond and a C(sp)-S bonds in one pot. The salient features of this transformation include simple operations, broad substrate scope, and good functional group tolerance.

AuCePt porous hollow cascade nanozymes targeted delivery of disulfiram for alleviating hepatic insulin resistance.

As the pathophysiological basis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), insulin resistance (IR) is closely related to oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation, while nanozymes have a good therapeutic effect on inflammation and OS by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). Hence, AuCePt porous hollow cascade nanozymes (AuCePt PHNs) are designed by integrating the dominant enzymatic activities of three metallic materials, which exhibit superior superoxide dismutase/catalase-like activities, and high drug loading capacity. In vitro experiments proved that AuCePt PHNs can ultra-efficiently scavenge endogenous and exogenous ROS.

A rare simultaneous coexistence of pancreatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor and esophageal schwannoma: a case report and review of literature.

The concurrent presence of gastrointestinal stromal tumor and schwannoma is extremely rare, and its pathological characteristics remain unclear. This case report reported the diagnostic and treatment process of a patient with a pancreatic GIST coexisting with esophageal schwannoma, who was admitted to West China Hospital (Sichuan, China) in April 2015. The patient did not undergo surgical resection of the tumor but instead received an 8-year regimen of imatinib therapy, during which no tumor progression was observed.

Stressful Effects of Individual and Combined Exposure to Low-Concentration Polylactic Acid Microplastics and Chromium on Marine Medaka Larvae ().

Microplastics and heavy metal pollution frequently co-occur in the marine environment, raising concerns about their potentially harmful impacts on marine fish. This study undertook a comprehensive evaluation of the individual and combined stress effects of polylactide microplastics (PLA-MPs) and chromium (Cr) on marine medaka larvae. Following a 14-day exposure to PLA-MPs (100 μg/L) and Cr (50 μg/L), both individually and in combination, significant increases in heart rate and body length were observed.

RBM12 drives PD-L1-mediated immune evasion in hepatocellular carcinoma by increasing JAK1 mRNA translation.

Immunosuppression characterizes the tumour microenvironment in HCC, and recent studies have implicated RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) in the development of HCC. Here, we conducted a screen and identified RBM12 as a key protein that increased the expression of PD-L1, thereby driving immune evasion in HCC. Furthermore, RBM12 was found to be significantly upregulated in HCC tissues and was associated with a poor prognosis for HCC patients.

RNA-binding motif protein 28 enhances angiogenesis by improving STAT3 translation in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent malignant tumor characterized by extensive angiogenesis. However, the underlying mechanisms of HCC pathogenesis remain unclear. Previous studies have shown that RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are implicated in HCC pathogenesis.

A latent profile analysis of rest-activity behavior patterns among community-dwelling older adults and its relationship with intrinsic capacity.

Rest-activity behavior clusters within individuals to form patterns are of significant importance to their intrinsic capacity (IC), yet they have rarely been studied. A total of 1253 community-dwelling older adults were recruited between July and December 2021 based on the baseline survey database of the Fujian Prospective Cohort Study on Aging. Latent profile analysis was used to identify profiles of participants based on rest-activity behaviors, whereas logistic regression analysis was carried out to investigate the relationship between profiles and IC.

Evolutionary patterns and functional effects of 3D chromatin structures in butterflies with extensive genome rearrangements.

Chromosome rearrangements may distort 3D chromatin architectures and thus change gene regulation, yet how 3D chromatin structures evolve in insects is largely unknown. Here, we obtain chromosome-level genomes for four butterfly species, Graphium cloanthus, Graphium sarpedon, Graphium eurypylus with 2n = 30, 40, and 60, respectively, and Papilio bianor with 2n = 60. Together with large-scale Hi-C data, we find that inter-chromosome rearrangements very rarely disrupted the pre-existing 3D chromatin structure of ancestral chromosomes.

A novel high-risk model identified by epithelial-mesenchymal transition predicts prognosis and radioresistance in rectal cancer.

Many studies have shown that tumor cells that survive radiotherapy are more likely to metastasize, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here we aimed to identify epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related key genes, which associated with prognosis and radiosensitivity in rectal cancer. First, we obtained differentially expressed genes by analyzing the RNA expression profiles of rectal cancer retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, EMT-related genes, and radiotherapy-related databases, respectively.