In situ remediation of mercury-contaminated groundwater through an in situ created reactive zone enabled by carboxymethyl cellulose stabilized FeS nanoparticles.

Faced with worldwide mercury (Hg) contamination in groundwater, efficient in situ remediation technologies are urgently needed. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) stabilized iron sulfide (CMC-FeS) nanoparticles have been found effective for immobilizing mercury in water and soil. Yet, the potential use of the nanoparticles for creating an in situ reactive zone (ISRZ) in porous geo-media has not been explored.

Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Pathway Augments Peritoneal Fibrosis in a Murine CKD Model Exposed to Peritoneal Dialysate.

Key Points: CKD and high glucose–containing peritoneal dialysate alter peritoneal membrane contributing to peritoneal dialysis failure, with a poorly understood mechanism. CKD milieu activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway in the subperitoneal vasculature, increasing the peritoneal fibrosis and collagen deposition in humans and mice. An aryl hydrocarbon receptor inhibitor mitigates CKD and peritoneal dialysis–mediated peritoneal fibrosis, collagen deposition, and vasculogenesis in a mouse model.

Association Between Adherence to EAT-Lancet Diet and Risk of Hypertension: An 18-Year National Cohort Study in China.

Objective: The EAT-Lancet Commission has proposed an EAT-Lancet diet (ELD), also known as a planetary health diet (PHD), which is environmentally sustainable and promotes human health. However, the association between this diet and the risk of hypertension remains unclear. This study aimed to determine whether adherence to ELD was associated with a lower risk of hypertension.

SERS-Based Droplet Microfluidic Platform for Sensitive and High-Throughput Detection of Cancer Exosomes.

Exosomes, nanosized extracellular vesicles containing biomolecular cargo, are increasingly recognized as promising noninvasive biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, particularly for their role in carrying tumor-specific molecular information. Traditional methods for exosome detection face challenges such as complexity, time consumption, and the need for sophisticated equipment. This study addresses these challenges by introducing a novel droplet microfluidic platform integrated with a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-based aptasensor for the rapid and sensitive detection of HER2-positive exosomes from breast cancer cells.

Fast and sensitive detection of viable O157:H7 using a microwell-confined and propidium monoazide-assisted digital CRISPR microfluidic platform.

O157:H7 is a major foodborne pathogen that poses a significant threat to food safety and human health. Rapid and sensitive detection of viable O157:H7 can effectively prevent food poisoning. Here, we developed a microwell-confined and propidium monoazide-assisted digital CRISPR microfluidic platform for rapid and sensitive detection of viable O157:H7 in food samples.

Clinical characteristics of double negative atypical inflammatory demyelinating disease: A prospective study.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and predictors of relapse in double negative atypical inflammatory demyelinating disease (IDD) and to explore potential antigenic targets by tissue-based assays (TBA) using rat brain indirect immunofluorescence.

Methods: We compared the clinical, laboratory, and MRI data of double negative atypical IDD with other IDD patients. Serum samples were collected for TBA.

SCINet: A Segmentation and Classification Interaction CNN Method for Arteriosclerotic Retinopathy Grading.

As a common disease, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases pose a great harm threat to human wellness. Even using advanced and comprehensive treatment methods, there is still a high mortality rate. Arteriosclerosis, as an important factor reflecting the severity of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, is imperative to detect the arteriosclerotic retinopathy.

Fracture Mechanisms and Crack Propagation in Monolayer TiCT under Nanoindentation: The Influence of Surface Terminations and Vacancy Defects.

Monolayer MXenes are a novel class of two-dimensional transition metal carbides/nitrides with fascinating physicochemical properties. Despite recent advances in the study of MXenes' mechanical properties, a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental physical mechanisms that affect fracture due to surface terminations and vacancy defects in MXenes under nanoindentation remains largely unexplored. Here, we address this gap using molecular dynamics simulations and nanoindentation theory to investigate the effects of surface terminations and vacancy defects on the fracture behavior of TiCT MXenes.

Pomegranate flower polysaccharide improves mastitis in mice by regulating intestinal flora and restoring the blood-milk barrier.

This study explored the inhibitory effect of pomegranate flower polysaccharide (PFPS) on mastitis through and models. PFPS is a new type of polysaccharide isolated and extracted from pomegranate flowers. The result revealed that PFPS consists of GalA, Ara, and Gal, and the residues consist of 1,4-GalpA, 1,4-Galp, and 1,3,6-Galp, which contain HG-type and RG-I-type pectin structural domains.

The Synergistic Inhibitory Effect of Combination Drug Treatment of Enteromorpha Prolifera Polysaccaharide and Doxorubicin Hydrochloride on A549 Cell.

Background: As a common drug for tumor therapy, doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) is not yet widely used as a clinical solution. This is due to its toxicity and potential drug resistance.

Objective: This study investigated the inhibitory effect of enteromorpha prolifera polysaccaharide (EPP) combined with doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) on A549 cells, which fall into the cell line of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Epigenetic regulation of macrophage activation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Macrophages in the innate immune system play a vital role in various lung diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), acute lung injury and pulmonary fibrosis. Macrophages involved in the process of immunity need to go through a process of activation, including changes in gene expression and cell metabolism. Epigenetic modifications are key factors of macrophage activation including DNA methylation, histone modification and non-coding RNA regulation.

Enhancement of Antimicrobial Function by L/D-Lysine Substitution on a Novel Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Peptide, Phylloseptin-TO2: A Structure-Related Activity Research Study.

Antibiotic resistance poses a serious threat to public health globally, reducing the effectiveness of conventional antibiotics in treating bacterial infections. ESKAPE pathogens are a group of highly transmissible bacteria that mainly contribute to the spread of antibiotic resistance and cause significant morbidity and mortality in humans. Phylloseptins, a class of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) derived from frogs, have been proven to have antimicrobial activity via membrane interaction.

Juice Alleviated Breast Cancer by Triggering the Mitochondrial Apoptosis Pathway and Suppressing the Jak2/Stat3 Pathway.

(RS) is a characteristic fruit in southwestern China that has numerous health benefits; however, its pharmacological effect needs further clarification, especially with respect to the exploration of its potential anti-breast-cancer effect, as there are still knowledge gaps in this regard. This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of juice (RSJ) on breast cancer (BC) through in vitro cellular experiments and by establishing mouse 4T1 breast xenograft tumors. This study also had the aim of elucidating RSJ's underlying mechanisms.

Crashworthiness Performance and Multi-Objective Optimization of Bi-Directional Corrugated Tubes under Quasi-Static Axial Crushing.

Longitudinal corrugated tubes (LCTs) exhibit stable platform force under axial compression but have low specific energy absorption. Conversely, circumferential corrugated tubes (CCTs) offer higher specific energy absorption but with unstable platform force. To overcome these limitations, this paper introduces a novel bi-directional corrugated tube (BCT) that amalgamates the strengths of both the CCT and LCT while mitigating their weaknesses.

Synthesis, Anti-Oomycete and Anti-Fungal Activities of Anhydride Derivatives of Oleanolic Acid.

Oleanolic acid is a pentacyclic triterpenoid extracted and isolated from the fruit of plants in the Ligustrum lucidum Ait. in the family Oleaceae. To discover biorational natural product-based pesticides, a series of oleanolic acid derivatives containing anhydride active skeletons were prepared by ingeniously introducing an active acyloxy group at its C-28 carboxyl position, and their structures were well characterized by H-NMR, C NMR, HRMS, and m.

CRISPR-Based Biosensors for Medical Diagnosis: Readout from Detector-Dependence Detection Toward Naked Eye Detection.

The detection of biomarkers (such as DNA, RNA, and protein) plays a vital role in medical diagnosis. The CRISPR-based biosensors utilize the CRISPR/Cas system for biometric recognition of targets and use biosensor strategy to read out biological signals without the employment of professional operations. Consequently, the CRISPR-based biosensors demonstrate great potential for the detection of biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity.

Covalent Organic Framework Stabilized Single CoNCl Site Boosts Photocatalytic CO Reduction into Tunable Syngas.

Solar carbon dioxide (CO) reduction provides an attractive alternative to producing sustainable chemicals and fuel. However, the construction of a highly active photocatalyst was challenging because of the rapid charge recombination and sluggish surface CO reduction. Herein, a unique Co-NCl single site was fabricated by loading Co species into the 2,2'-bipyridine and triazine-containing covalent organic framework (COF) for CO conversion into syngas under visible light irradiation.

Determining Individualized Foot Progression Angle for Reduction of Knee Medial Compartment Loading during Stepping.

Purpose: Modifying foot progression angle (FPA), the angle between the line from the heel to the second metatarsal head and the line of progression, can reduce peak knee adduction moment (pKAM). However, determining the optimal FPA that minimizes pKAM without inducing unnatural walking patterns can be challenging. This study investigated the FPA-pKAM relationship using a robotic stepping trainer to assess the feasibility of determining the optimal FPA based on this relationship.

MBFusion: Multi-modal balanced fusion and multi-task learning for cancer diagnosis and prognosis.

Pathological images and molecular omics are important information for predicting diagnosis and prognosis. The two kinds of heterogeneous modal data contain complementary information, and the effective fusion of the two modals can better reveal the complex mechanisms of cancer. However, due to the different representation learning methods, the expression strength of different modals in different tasks varies greatly, so that many multimodal fusions do not achieve the best results.

[Causal association between depression and stress urinary incontinence: A two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization study].

Objective: To investigate the causal correlation between depression and stress urinary incontinence (SUI) using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Methods: We searched the FinnGen Consortium database for genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on depression and obtained 23 424 case samples and 192 220 control samples, with the GWAS data on SUI provided by the UK Biobank, including 4 340 case samples and 458 670 control samples. We investigated the correlation between depression and SUI based on the depression data collected from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC).

Long-term prognostic effect of serum albumin concentration in diabetic patients with stable coronary artery disease: A multicenter cohort study.

Background: Diabetes and insulin resistance alter the physiological state of serum albumin (SA), which is a prognostic marker for stable coronary artery disease (CAD). However, whether the SA concentration is associated with long-term cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in diabetic patients with stable CAD remains unclear.

Methods: In total, 1148 patients were retrospectively identified from a nationwide multicenter cohort study on patients with stable CAD.