Surgical approach and technique in retrosternal goiter: Case report and review of the literature.

Background: Retrosternal goiter is defined as a thyroid mass of which more than 50% is located below the thoracic inlet. The aim of this study is to assess the retrosternal goiter surgically approach through a neck incision and analyze the surgical technique.

Case Presentation: The case reported by us used a single neck collar-shaped incision for huge retrosternal goiter with good outcome.

Male circumcision performed with 8-figure non-absorbable suture technique.

Introduction: We analyze the outcome of circumcisions performed with 8-figure non-absorbable suture (8FNS) and assess the feasibility of using the technique in male circumcision.

Methods: We randomly divided 317 patients who would undergo circumcision between February 2009 and January 2012 into 2 groups. Each group was subdivided into children (age range: 7 to 15 years) and adult (range: 16 to 85 years).

Expression of survivin and livin predicts early recurrence in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.

Background: Survivin and livin are novel members of the inhibitor of apoptosis gene family (IAP) that controls mitotic progression and induces tumor cell invasion. This study aims to evaluate the association of both expression with clinical outcomes and risk of recurrence in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NIMBC).

Patients And Methods: We investigated the expression of survivin and livin in 72 NMIBC samples using immunohistochemical staining (Envision Method).