A straightforward, versatile, and efficient method for the asymmetric synthesis of 3-substituted isoindolinones is described. In this method, a series of ()-2-(-butylsulfinyl)-isoindolin-1-ones were synthesized from the corresponding methyl 2-formylbenzoates in two steps with overall yields of 71-78%. Deprotonation of these compounds using LDA and the subsequent alkylation of the resulting carbanions with various alkylating agents afforded a series of 3-substituted isoindolinones in excellent yields and high diastereomeric ratios.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Steroid-resistant asthma (SRA) is a form of asthma resistant to corticosteroid therapy, which is characterized by the presence of neutrophil-predominant inflammatory response and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation. Hyssopus cuspidatus Boriss., a traditional Uyghur medicine, is known for its efficacy in treating inflammatory lung conditions such as asthma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA novel analytical method was designed and developed that exhibited ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), fluorescence (FL), and resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) signals for straightforward and comprehensive determination of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) using polyethylenimine-functionalized silver nanoparticles (PEI-Ag NPs). Through a facile one-step experiment, and NaOH assisted, in an aqueous solution of 100 ℃ for 40 min PEI reacted with AgNO to generate PEI-Ag NPs with a yellow color and weak blue fluorescence. Interestingly, phenylacetaldehyde (PAA), a specific product of MAO-B, causes significant enhancement of the three optical signals of UV-Vis, FL, and RRS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHirschsprung's disease (HSCR) is a congenital enteric neuropathic disorder characterized by high heritability (>80%) and polygenic inheritance (>20 genes). The previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified several common variants associated with HSCR and demonstrated increased predictive performance for HSCR risk in Europeans using a genetic risk score, there remains a notable gap in knowledge regarding Chinese populations. We conducted whole exome sequencing in a HSCR case cohort in Chinese.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProteolysis Targeting Chimeras (PROTACs) are bifunctional compounds that have been extensively studied for their role in targeted protein degradation (TPD). The capacity to degrade validated or undruggable targets provides PROTACs with significant potency in cancer therapy. However, the clinical application of PROTACs is limited by their poor potency and unfavorable pharmacokinetic properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Aerobic composting is an effective method for utilizing chicken manure. However, its low carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio leads to slow heating and short high-temperature phases, which reduce composting efficiency and product quality.
Methods: To address this issue, splinted mushroom cultivation residues were added to adjust the C/N ratio, and exogenous thermophilic composting strains were introduced to increase composting temperature.
Terpenoids derived from phytopathogenic fungi are major participants in interactions among microorganisms, plants, and animals. The modifications catalyzed by cytochrome P450s significantly influence the structural and bioactivity diversity of the terpenoids. To conduct genome mining of P450s in pathogenic fungi, in this study, we developed a new software called atural roducts iloring Enzymes enome ining (NPtagM).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnhancing the structural stability of an enzyme and maintaining its catalytic activity are effective ways to improve enzyme utilization and reduce the cost of drug screening. However, immobilized enzyme activity tends to decrease in existing immobilization techniques due to conformational changes and microenvironmental restrictions. In this paper, we present a facile approach to prepare immobilized acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with high activity by a ZIF-8 in situ immobilization and citric acid (CA) etching strategy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVegetation restoration has an important remodelling effect on near-surface characteristics, and consequent changes in land surface roughness (LSR) are key influences on soil wind erosion processes. However, the effects of vegetation restoration types and ages on LSR and the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, the sand-fixing vegetation restoration area of the Hobq Desert was examined in comparison to a bare sand control area.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Pollut Res Int
August 2024
Sesquiterpenoids served as an important source for natural product drug discovery. Although genome mining approaches have revealed numerous novel sesquiterpenoids and biosynthetic enzymes, the comprehensive landscape of fungal sesquiterpene synthases (STSs) remains elusive. In this study, 123 previously reported fungal STSs were subjected to phylogenetic analysis, resulting in the identification of a fungi-specific STS family known as trichodiene synthase-like sesquiterpene synthases (TDTSs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Oxidative Balance Score (OBS) is a tool for assessing the oxidative stress-related exposures of diet and lifestyle. The study aimed to investigate the association between OBS and low muscle mass.
Methods: Overall, 6,307 individuals over the age of 18 were assessed using data from the 2011 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
Vascular diseases, such as vascular malformations and hemangiomas, are often classified into "fast-flow" and "slow-flow" based on their internal blood velocity. Fast-flow vascular diseases of maxillofacial regions are a kind of complicated and dangerous pathological changes originating from or containing arteries, their treatment is often complex and different from disease to disease, and large amounts of intraoperative blood loss and poor operation field may cause side injury or other problems without a detailed map of the lesion. The authors use the combination of color Doppler ultrasound and three-dimensional computed tomography angiography to diagnose and classify 36 cases of maxillofacial fast-flow vascular diseases, from January 2018 to December 2022 presented in the authors' department.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Morgagni hernias are rare anomalies that are easily misdiagnosed or missed.
Aim: To summarize the ultrasound (US) imaging characteristics of Morgagni hernias through a comparison of imaging and surgical results.
Methods: The records of children with Morgagni hernias who were hospitalized at two hospitals between January 2013 and November 2023 were retrospectively reviewed in terms of clinical findings, US features, and operative details.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol
April 2024
Objective: Three-dimensional (3D) printed models are used in the medical field. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of a 3D-printed guide plate for use in brain biopsy.
Methods: Twelve patients with intracranial lesions were retrospectively reviewed to determine clinical outcomes and technical procedural operability.
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed)
November 2023
Background: Hugan Buzure Granule (HBG) is a traditional prescription of Uygur nationality in China mainly used to treat liver cold, stomachache, spleen and rib pain, arthralgia, rheumatism and urinary system diseases. Its mechanism of action in treating acute kidney injury (AKI) continues to remain unconfirmed. This study's objective was to investigate the pharmacodynamics and mechanism of HBG in the management of AKI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Fe-based Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) catalyst shows a rich phase chemistry under pre-treatment and FTS conditions. The exact structural composition of the active site, whether iron or iron carbide (FeC), is still controversial. Aiming to obtain an insight into the active sites and their role in affecting FTS activity, the swarm intelligence algorithm is implemented to search for the most stable Fe(100), Fe(110), Fe(210) surfaces with different carbon ratios.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe unique magnetic field environment during electromagnetic launch imposes higher requirements on the design and protection of the internal electronic system within the launch load. This low-frequency, Tesla-level extreme magnetic field environment is fundamentally distinct from the Earth's geomagnetic field. The excessive change rate of magnetic flux can readily induce voltage within the circuit, thus disrupting the normal operation of intelligent microchips.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReuterin can be produced from glycerol dehydration catalyzed by glycerol dehydratase (GDHt) in and has broad application prospects in industry, agriculture, food, and other fields as it is active against prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms and is resistant to proteases and lipases. However, high concentrations of glycerin inhibit reuterin production, and the mechanism behind this phenomenon is not clear. To elucidate the inhibitory mechanism of glycerol on reuterin synthesis in and provide reference data for constructing an culture system for highly effective 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde synthesis, we used transcriptome-sequencing technology to compare the morphologies and transcriptomes of cultured in a medium with or without 600 mM of glycerol.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe aimed to examine impacts and functional mechanism of circular RNA forkhead box N2 (FOXN2) in tacrolimus (TAC)- and dexamethasone (Dex)-induced lipid metabolism disorders. RNA level and protein contents in TAC, Dex, or combined TAC- plus Dex-treated patients and Huh-7 cells were measured utilizing quantitative real-time (qRT)-PCR and western blotting assays measured the formation of lipid droplet. Total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels were determined using corresponding commercial kits and Oil red O staining.
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