Exploring the mechanism of pachymic acid intervention in myocardial ischemia based on network pharmacology and experimental validation.

Objectives: To deeply explore the mechanism of pachymic acid (PA) intervention in myocardial ischemia, providing new ideas and methods for the treatment of myocardial ischemia.

Methods: Predict the targets of PA for improving myocardial ischemia, and conduct functional enrichment analysis using databases, such as Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and Reactome. To verify these findings, PPI network topology analysis and molecular docking were used to screen key targets and main mechanisms of action and further validated through in vitro experiments on the H9C2 cell line.

Multiomics analysis reveals the involvement of NET1 in tumour immune regulation and malignant progression.

Neuroepithelial cell transforming gene 1 (NET1) is a member of the Ras homologue family member A (RhoA) subfamily of guanine nucleotide exchange factors and a key protein involved in the activation of Rho guanosine triphosphatases, which act as regulators of cell proliferation, cytoskeletal organization, and cell movement and are crucial for cancer spread. Research has shown that NET1 can regulate the malignant biological functions of tumour cells, such as growth, invasion, and metastasis, and it is closely related to the progression of pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, and liver cancer. However, the comprehensive role and mechanistic function of NET1 in other types of cancer remain largely unexplored.

Increased α-synuclein phosphorylation and oligomerization and altered enzymes in plasma of patients with Parkinson's disease.

The brain of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) was characterized by increased phosphorylation and oligomerization of α-synuclein (α-syn) and altered activity of enzymes regulating α-syn phosphorylation and oligomerization. Whether increased α-syn phosphorylation and oligomerization as well as related enzyme changes can be detected in the plasma of PD patients remains unclear. Here, we showed that human α-syn proteins incubated in PD plasma formed more oligomerized α-syn (O-α-syn) and phosphorylated α-syn (pS-α-syn) than those in healthy control (HC) plasma.

Diagnostic performance of different examination methods for detecting obstetric anal sphincter injuries: A meta-analysis comparing multiple diagnostic methods.

Background: There was limited evidence on the comparative value of various examination methods for women with obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS).

Objectives: To evaluate diagnostic performance of different examination methods for detecting OASIS.

Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science to identify relevant studies from inception to December 2023.

Intervention effect of regulating GABA-A receptor activity on the formation of experimental abdominal aortic aneurysm in rats.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm is a potentially fatal vascular inflammatory disease characterized by infiltration of various inflammatory cells.The GABA-A receptor is expressed in many inflammatory cells such as macrophages and T cells and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Therefore, the GABA-A receptor may become a potential therapeutic target for abdominal aortic aneurysms.

A Nanothermometer with a Microwave Thermal Effect for Sensing Cell Membrane Temperature and Measuring Microwave-Induced Thermal Gradient Distribution.

In microwave (MW) thermotherapy, it is challenging to regulate the temporal and spatial distribution of the temperature at the nanoscale. Herein, we report a nanothermometer for simultaneous MW heating and temperature distribution measurement. The nanothermometer was prepared by free radical polymerization with vinylbenzyl trimethylammonium chloride (VBTMACl) as the MW thermosensitizer and isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) as the thermoresponsive unit, followed by anion exchange with fluorophore sodium 3-(4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)phenoxy)propane-1-sulfonate (TPESONa).

Evolution and comparative transcriptome analysis of glucosinolate pathway genes in L.

Glucosinolates (GSLs) are important secondary metabolites abundantly distributed in Brassicaceae plants, whose degradation products benefit plant resistance but are regarded as disadvantageous factors for human health. Thus, reducing GSL content is an important goal in the breeding program in crops, such as . In this study, 1280 genes in the GSL pathway were identified from 14 land plant genomes, which are specifically distributed in Brassicaceae and are extensively expanded in .

The Impact of Non-Pharmacological Sleep Interventions on Delirium Prevention and Sleep Improvement in Postoperative ICU Patients: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: Analyze the effectiveness of different non-pharmacological sleep interventions in preventing delirium among postoperative ICU patients.

Research Methodology: We conducted a comprehensive search on PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, OpenGrey and reference lists up to May 2024.

Setting: We systematically searched all randomized controlled trials related to non-pharmacological sleep interventions for the prevention of delirium.

Interfacial Engineering to Fabricate Nanoporous FeMo Bimetallic Nitride for Enhanced Electrochemical Ammonia Synthesis.

The electrochemical N reduction reaction (NRR) currently represents a green and sustainable approach to ammonia production. However, the further progress of NRR is significantly hampered by poor catalytic activity and selectivity, necessitating the development of efficient and stable electrocatalysts. Herein, a nanoporous Fe-Mo bimetallic nitride (FeN-MoN) is synthesized using a molten-salt preparation method.

Functional characterization of four antenna-enriched odorant binding proteins in Rhaphuma horsfieldi reveals the importance of RhorOBP1 in odorant recognition and insecticide resistance.

The cerambycid beetles are key players for the sustenance of biodiversity in the forest ecosystem, but in most cases are well known due to their harmfulness to agricultural and forest plants. Here, we characterized the odorant binding protein (OBP) gene family in Rhaphuma horsfieldi, emphasizing the roles of RhorOBP1 in odorant reception and insecticide sequestering. A homology-based search led to the identification of 35 RhorOBP genes with a major distribution in the Minus-C OBPs clade (21/35 genes).

Exosomes secreted from M2-polarized macrophages inhibit osteoclast differentiation via CYLD.

Objective: Bone resorption mediated by osteoclast differentiation induces the occurrence of bone-related diseases. Macrophages, an origin of osteoclasts, whose M2 type can reduce inflammation-induced bone damage. We aimed to investigate the effect of M2 macrophage-derived exosomes on osteoclast formation and elucidate its underlying mechanism.

Serotonin neurons integrate GABA and dopamine inputs to regulate meal initiation.

Obesity is a growing global health epidemic with limited orally administered therapeutics. Serotonin (5-HT) is one neurotransmitter which remains an excellent target for new weight-loss therapies, but a gap remains in understanding the mechanisms involved in 5-HT produced in the dorsal Raphe nucleus (DRN) and its involvement in meal initiation. Using an optogenetic feeding paradigm, we showed that the 5-HT➔arcuate nucleus (ARH) circuit plays a role in meal initiation.

Evaluation value of ultrasound on gastrointestinal function in patients with acute heart failure.

Objective: To study the changes in gastrointestinal wall thickness, blood flow, motility, and symptoms in patients with acute heart failure, and to assess gastrointestinal function by ultrasound.

Methods: In this study, patients diagnosed with acute heart failure were selected as the study group, and healthy individuals were selected as the control group. Both groups collected general data and completed the Chinese version of the gastrointestinal symptom rating scale.

The PB1 protein of H9N2 influenza A virus inhibits antiviral innate immunity by targeting MAVS for TRIM25-mediated autophagic degradation.

The proteins encoded by Influenza A virus (IAV) evade the innate immune system through diverse strategies to facilitate their replication. However, the regulatory mechanisms remain not fully understood. In this study, we identified that the H9N2 PB1 protein suppressed the activities of the IFN-β, ISRE, and NF-κB promoters.

Morphologic Analysis of Nasal Airway in 137 Patients With Operated Cleft Lip Nasal Deformity.

Objective: The authors aim to clarify the morphology of the nasal airway in patients with cleft lip nose deformities and to analyze the causes of increased nasal resistance.

Methods: One hundred thirty-seven patients with unilateral cleft lip nasal deformities and 30 non-cleft controls were enrolled in this study. These participants were classified into subgroups based on the severity of cleft lip at birth: occult, incomplete, and complete cleft lip.

Deficiency of lysophosphatidic acid receptor 3 decreases erythropoietin production in hypoxic mouse kidneys.

Background: Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a lipid mediator with diverse biological functions through its receptors on the cell membrane. As one of the six LPA receptors, LPA receptor 3 (LPAR3) is highly expressed in mouse kidneys, but its physiological function in the kidney has been poorly explored.

Methods: Wild-type (WT) and Lpar3 mice were used to investigate the renal physiological function of LPAR3 under hypoxia.

Hypothyroidism correlates with osteoporosis: potential involvement of lipid mediators.

Background: Observational studies have demonstrated a correlation between thyroid dysfunction and osteoporosis (OP); however, the underlying causality has yet to be fully elucidated.

Methods: The necessary dataset was sourced from public databases. Initially, instrumental variables (IVs) were selected based on three primary hypotheses.

The use of electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy-guided microwave ablation in patients with multiple bilateral pulmonary nodules: a retrospective study of 26 cases.

Background: To treat multiple bilateral ground-glass opacities (GGOs), surgical treatments and electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB)-guided ablation therapy are recommended therapeutic measures. However, the differences between bilateral and unilateral ablation, with or without surgery, remain unknown. This study aims to evaluate the differences in efficacy among various strategies.

Machine learning for predicting in-hospital mortality in elderly patients with heart failure combined with hypertension: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Heart failure combined with hypertension is a major contributor for elderly patients (≥ 65 years) to in-hospital mortality. However, there are very few models to predict in-hospital mortality in such elderly patients. We aimed to develop and test an individualized machine learning model to assess risk factors and predict in-hospital mortality in in these patients.

Predicting major adverse cardiovascular events in angina patients using radiomic features of pericoronary adipose tissue based on CCTA.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate whether radiomic features of pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) derived from coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) can better predict major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with angina pectoris.

Methods: A single-center retrospective study included 239 patients with angina pectoris who underwent coronary CT examinations. Participants were divided into MACE ( = 46) and non-MACE ( = 193) groups based on the occurrence of MACE during follow-up, and further allocated into a training cohort ( = 167) and a validation cohort ( = 72) at a 7:3 ratio.

A photocurable and thermocurable composite hydrogel and the application in a contraction resistant full-thickness skin model.

Three-dimensional (3D) organotypic skin in vitro has attracted increasing attention for drug development, cosmetics evaluation, and even clinical applications. However, the severe contraction of these models restricts their application, especially in the analyses based on barrier functions such as percutaneous penetration. For the full-thickness skin equivalents, the mechanical properties of the dermis scaffold plays an important role in the contraction resistance.

20p chromosome inverted duplication syndrome with phenotypes of congenital heart disease, anorectal malformation and megacolon.

20p chromosome inverted duplication deletion syndrome is a rare chromosomal disorder in which the short arm segment 20p11.2-p13 and the deleted subtopic region 20p13-20 replicate simultaneously. Patients with this syndrome are mainly presented with intellectual disability and motor development delay.

Clopidogrel ameliorates high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis in mice through activation of the AMPK signaling pathway and beyond.

Introduction: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) frequently confers an increased risk of vascular thrombosis; however, the marketed antiplatelet drugs are investigated for the prevention and treatment of MASLD in patients with these coexisting diseases.

Methods: To determine whether clopidogrel could ameliorate high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hepatic steatosis in mice and how it works, mice were fed on normal diet or HFD alone or in combination with or without clopidogrel for 14 weeks, and primary mouse hepatocytes were treated with palmitate/oleate alone or in combination with the compounds examined for 24 h. Body weight, liver weight, insulin resistance, triglyceride and total cholesterol content in serum and liver, histological morphology, transcriptomic analysis of mouse liver, and multiple key MASLD-associated genes and proteins were measured, respectively.

Inherited Spinocerebellar Ataxia Segregates with Intra-Familial Genetic Heterogeneity in a Consanguineous Pakistani Family: A Report of a Potential Novel Candidate Gene.

Hereditary spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) is a group of genetic neurodegenerative disorders caused by a variety of gene variants. At least 44 types of SCAs have been identified to date, and more than 35 genes and hundreds of variants have been reported that are associated with SCAs. We have investigated a Pakistani consanguineous six-generation family with SCA by using whole-exome sequencing analysis.

The effect of aeration and irrigation on the improvement of soil environment and yield in dryland maize.

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of long-term aerated seepage irrigation technology on soil fertility changes and maize yield under continuous maize cropping system in red loam soil, and to explain the mechanism of maize yield increase under this technology, which can provide theoretical basis for crop quality improvement and yield increase under aerated irrigation (AI) technology. Therefore, this research was conducted for four field seasons in 2020-2023 at the National Soil Quality Observation Experimental Station, Zhanjiang, China. Soil aeration, soil fertility, root growth, physiological traits, and yield indicators were evaluated by conventional underground drip irrigation (CK) and AI.