Fumarprotocetraric acid and geraniin were identified as novel inhibitors of human respiratory syncytial virus infection .

Introduction: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) remains a major international public health concern. However, disease treatment is limited to preventive care with monoclonal antibodies and supportive care. In this study, natural products were screened to identify novel anti-RSV inhibitors.

Gender Differences in Acute Type A Aortic Dissection: A Comprehensive Review and Meta-Analysis.

We aimed to undertake a meta-analysis of cohort studies to evaluate gender-based differences for patients with acute type A aortic dissection. A systematic search was performed across PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library (2000 to 2023) for studies reporting gender-related discrepancies in clinical presentation, in-hospital management, and/or outcomes. Study effects were assessed using mean difference or risk ratio (RR) as aggregated estimates.

3DSTarPred: A Web Server for Target Prediction of Bioactive Small Molecules Based on 3D Shape Similarity.

Target identification plays a critical role in preclinical drug development. The approach has been developed and widely applied to assist medicinal chemists and pharmacologists in drug target identification. There are many target prediction web servers available today that have revealed both advantages and shortcomings in practical applications.

Neuroinflammation inhibition and neuroprotective effects of purpurin, a potential anti-AD compound, screened via network proximity and gene enrichment analyses.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease without any effective preventive or therapeutic drugs. Natural products with stable structures and pharmacological characteristics are valuable sources for the development of novel drugs for many complex diseases. This study aimed to discover potential natural compounds for the treatment of AD using new technologies and methods and explore the efficacy and mechanism of candidate compounds.

Empagliflozin protects against heart failure with preserved ejection fraction partly by inhibiting the senescence-associated STAT1-STING axis.

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a mortal clinical syndrome without effective therapies. Empagliflozin (EMPA) improves cardiovascular outcomes in HFpEF patients, but the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) supplemented with L-NAME for 12 weeks and subsequently intraperitoneally injected with EMPA for another 4 weeks.

Combination of RNA-seq and proteomics reveals the mechanism of DL0410 treatment in APP/PS1 transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

There is a lack of a systematic understanding of the specific mechanism of action of DL0410 in AD treatment. In this study, the combination of RNA-seq and proteomics was firstly employed to uncover the mechanism of action of DL0410 in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. The results of behavioral tests showed that oral administration of DL0410 for 8 weeks improved memory and cognition of APP/PS1 mice.

Bidirectional Voltage Regulation for Integrated Photovoltachromic Device Based on P3HT-Electrochromic Unit and Perovskite/Organic Tandem Solar Cells.

Integrated electrochromic devices powered by photovoltaic cells have evoked a lot of interest due to their promising commercial prospects. However, their application has been restricted by the voltage adaption between the self-powered voltage and the color-changing threshold voltage (V). Herein, a strategy of bidirectional voltage regulating is proposed to develop a novel stand-alone integrated photovoltachromic device (I-PVCD), which integrates perovskite/organic tandem solar cells (P/O-TSCs) to drive color-changing process of conjugated poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) films.

Application of Hip Pericapsular Nerve Block Combined With Spinal Anesthesia in the Treatment of Elderly Patients With Femoral Intertrochanteric Fracture.

Objective: To investigate the effect of pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block combined with spinal anesthesia in the treatment of elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures through "rapid diagnosis and treatment channel" PFNA internal fixation.

Methods: 52 elderly patients were randomly divided into the observation group (26 patients, PENG block combined with spinal anesthesia) and the control group (26 patients, spinal anesthesia alone). The general health, mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR) of both groups were compared at various stages: immediately before the administration of pain analgesia, during the positioning of spinal epidural anesthesia, at the beginning and end of the surgery, and 2 hours after surgery.

Melatonin alleviates pyroptosis by regulating the SIRT3/FOXO3α/ROS axis and interacting with apoptosis in Atherosclerosis progression.

Background: Atherosclerosis (AS), a significant contributor to cardiovascular disease (CVD), is steadily rising with the aging of the global population. Pyroptosis and apoptosis, both caspase-mediated cell death mechanisms, play an essential role in the occurrence and progression of AS. The human pineal gland primarily produces melatonin (MT), an indoleamine hormone with powerful anti-oxidative, anti-pyroptotic, and anti-apoptotic properties.

All-polymer organic solar cells with nano-to-micron hierarchical morphology and large light receiving angle.

Distributed photovoltaics in living environment harvest the sunlight in different incident angles throughout the day. The development of planer solar cells with large light-receiving angle can reduce the requirements in installation form factor and is therefore urgently required. Here, thin film organic photovoltaics with nano-sized phase separation integrated in micro-sized surface topology is demonstrated as an ideal solution to proposed applications.

The efficacy and mechanism of salmeterol against influenza A virus in vitro and in vivo.

Influenza A virus (IAV) is the most harmful pathogen to human beings among the various subtypes of influenza virus, which can lead to immune response, cause serious inflammation and damage to the lung. Salmeterol is a candidate compound with anti-IAV activity screened by virtual network proximity predication. In this paper, we further evaluated the pharmacodynamics of salmeterol against IAV in vivo and in vitro.

HPV Vaccination Intentions of Female Students in Chinese Universities: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination intentions among female university students in China and establish a basis for improving HPV vaccination coverage.

Methods: We searched CNKI, EBSCO, JSTOR, MESH or Emtree, Weipu Information Chinese Journal Service Platform, Wanfang Data, China Biomedical Literature Database, PubMed, Embase, Web for the Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library to identify peer-reviewed published research on intentions by female college students in China to receive the HPV vaccination.

Results: A preliminary search of 408 papers resulted in the inclusion of 12 studies, all cross-sectional, of moderate or high quality, with a sample size of 12,600.

High slope-efficiency quantum-dot lasers grown on planar exact silicon (001) with asymmetric waveguide structures.

We report electrically pumped continuous-wave (CW) InAs/GaAs quantum dot lasers directly grown on planar exact silicon (001) with asymmetric waveguide structures. Surface hydrogen-annealing for the GaAs/ Si (001) templates and low-temperature growth for GaInP upper cladding layers were combined in the growth of the laser structure to achieve a high slope efficiency. For the broad-stripe edge-emitting lasers with 2-mm cavity length and 20-µm stripe width made from the above laser structure, a threshold current density of 203.

Perioperative coronary artery spasm after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting in the non-manipulated coronary artery.

Background: Perioperative coronary artery spasm (CAS) following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a severe or lethal condition that is rarely reported. In addition, rare cases with CAS following CABG in the non-manipulated coronary artery are angiographically documented in the perioperative period. We aimed to report our experiences on the diagnosis and treatment of a case with CAS following off-pump CABG in the non-manipulated coronary artery.

Activity-dependent circuitry plasticity via the regulation of the histamine receptor level in the Drosophila visual system.

Activity-dependent synaptic plasticity is crucial for responses to the environment. Although the plasticity mechanisms of presynaptic photoreceptor neurons in the Drosophila visual system have been well studied, postsynaptic modifications remain elusive. In addition, further studies on the adaption of the visual system to different light experiences at a circuitry scale are required.

Highly Efficient and Super Stable Full-Color Quantum Dots Light-Emitting Diodes with Solution-Processed All-Inorganic Charge Transport Layers.

High performance and super stable all-inorganic full-color quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) are constructed by adopting solution-processed Mg-doped NiO (Mg-NiO ) nanoparticles as hole transport layer (HTL) and Al-doped ZnO (AZO) as electron transport layer (ETL). Mg-NiO nanoparticles possess the advantages of low-temperature solution processability, intrinsic stability, and controllable electronic properties. UV-ozone (UVO) treatment is applied to the Mg-NiO film to modulate its surface composition.

High Performance Tandem Solar Cells with Inorganic Perovskite and Organic Conjugated Molecules to Realize Complementary Absorption.

All-inorganic halide perovskite solar cells (PerSCs) have achieved rapid development in recent years. However, limited by narrow absorption bands, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of all-inorganic halide PerSCs lag behind the organic-inorganic hybrid ones. In this contribution, to expand their absorption spectra and enhance the PCE, tandem solar cells (TSCs) with inorganic perovskite and organic conjugated molecules are constructed, utilizing CsPbIBr as an ultraviolet-visible light absorber and a PTB7-Th:IEICO-4F bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) active layer as a near-infrared light absorber.

Facile Method of Solvent-Flushing To Building Component Distribution within Photoactive Layers for High-Performance Organic Solar Cells.

Suitable donor and acceptor distribution in the blended photoactive layer benefits the charge transfer and exciton separation to boost the performance of organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, we propose a universal solvent-flushing method for building component distribution in photoactive layers based on the different solubilities of the donor and acceptor in acetylacetone (Acac). The donor and acceptor concentration distribution through the photoactive layers is investigated by the time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectroscopy, and the surface concentration changes are examined by contact angle measurements and atomic force microscopy tests.

Activity-Dependent Synaptic Plasticity in .

The nervous system is a valuable model to examine the mechanisms of activity-dependent synaptic modification (plasticity) owing to its relatively simple organization and the availability of powerful genetic tools. The larval neuromuscular junction (NMJ) in particular is an accessible model for the study of synaptic development and plasticity. In addition to the NMJ, huge strides have also been made on understanding activity-dependent synaptic plasticity in the olfactory and visual systems.

Expanding the Light Harvesting of CsPbIBr to Near Infrared by Integrating with Organic Bulk Heterojunction for Efficient and Stable Solar Cells.

All-inorganic perovskite (CsPbX, X = Br or I) solar cells demonstrate superior stability, while the power conversion efficiency (PCE) lags behind the organic-inorganic hybrid counterparts mainly due to the limitation of narrow absorption bands. To broaden their absorption spectrum and improve their PCE, all-inorganic perovskite/organic integrated solar cells utilizing CsPbIBr as an ultraviolet-visible light absorber and PBDTTT-E-T:IEICO as a near-infrared light absorber are demonstrated in this work. The integrated solar cells exhibit a broadened photoresponse to over 900 nm, attributed to the integration of PBDTTT-E-T:IEICO.

Enhancing charge transport in an organic photoactive layer via vertical component engineering for efficient perovskite/organic integrated solar cells.

Suitable vertical component distribution within an organic bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) is vital for effective exciton dissociation and smooth charge transport in perovskite/organic integrated solar cells (ISCs). Herein, a bi-continuous interpenetrating network of organic donor/acceptor materials is constructed simply by optimizing their weight ratio, and is further applied in perovskite/organic ISCs. Time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectroscopy (TOF-SIMS) and scanning Kelvin probe microscopy (SKPM) strongly confirm that this method can effectively restrict vertical stratification and build a desired bi-continuous framework within the organic photoactive layer, which can effectively suppress two potential recombination losses from the viewpoint of kinetics, leading to the PCE increasing from 12.

Passivation of the grain boundaries of CHNHPbI using carbon quantum dots for highly efficient perovskite solar cells with excellent environmental stability.

Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites are prone to defect formation due to iodine and methylamine ion/defect migration, leading to the formation of lots of defects at the perovskite surface and grain boundaries. Passivation of the defects is an effective method to improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). To achieve stable passivation, the interaction between the perovskite and additive materials should be taken into consideration.