Impact of deep brain stimulation on cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease: A retrospective longitudinal study.

Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) is a well-established treatment for improving motor symptoms, non-motor symptoms, and quality of life (QOL) in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). However, its effects on patients with cognitive impairment (CI) remain controversial due to the unique challenges and risks posed by cognitive decline. This study aimed to evaluate the mid- to long-term impact of STN-DBS on motor function, non-motor symptoms, and QOL in PD patients with CI.

Assessing Plasma APLP1 for the Progression of Parkinson's Disease: Insights from HSPD and PPMI Cohorts.

Background: Amyloid precursor-like protein 1 (APLP1) is involved in pathological α-synuclein transmission, but its role in Parkinson's disease (PD) progression has not been explored.

Objective: This study investigates APLP1 as a potential predictor for motor and cognitive deterioration in PD.

Methods: Plasma APLP1 levels were measured in PD patients from the Huashan Hospital for Parkinson's Disease (HSPD) and Parkinson's Disease Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) cohorts.

Self-Reported REM Sleep Behavior Disorder in Patients With Progressive Supranuclear Palsy: Clinical and F-Florzolotau PET Imaging Findings.

Background And Objectives: Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is increasingly recognized in patients with tauopathies, but its significance and underpinnings remain unclear. To address this gap, we investigated the prevalence of self-reported RBD in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and explored its clinical and imaging correlates using F-florzolotau PET imaging.

Methods: We consecutively enrolled patients meeting the 2017 Movement Disorder Society clinical criteria for PSP at a Chinese tertiary hospital between May 2019 and March 2022.

Practice and challenge of age-friendly functional restoration of stomatognathic system based on the strategy of functional tooth loss.

Geriatric oral health care encounters significant challenges with the increase in the proportion of older individuals. Age-related changes in the dentition, muscles, and joints result in a decline in objective masticatory function, subjective restoration requirements, and acceptability among the elderly population, with individual variations influenced by systemic health. Considering functional requirements, the adaptability of stomatognathic and systemic health conditions, health economics and other factors, the authors believe that it should not be limited to the conventional "one-to-one" strategy for replacing missing teeth in geriatric prosthodontics.

RUNX2 enhances bladder cancer progression by promoting glutamine metabolism.

Bladder cancer is a prevalent malignancy within the urinary system. Prior research has suggested that glutamine metabolism plays a crucial role in driving bladder cancer progression. However, the precise molecular mechanism governing glutamine metabolism in bladder cancer is still inadequately understood.

Rapid Cognitive Deterioration in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy: A 1-Year Follow-Up Study.

Background: Nowadays, cognitive impairment has been characterized as one of the most vital clinical symptoms in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP).

Objectives: Based on a relatively large cohort, we aimed to show the cognitive deterioration in different PSP subtypes during 1-year follow-up and investigate potential contributors for disease prognosis.

Methods: One hundred seventeen patients from Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Neuroimage Initiative (PSPNI) cohort underwent neuropsychological tests and 1-year follow-up, with 73 diagnosed as PSP-Richardson syndrome (PSP-RS) and 44 as PSP-non-RS.

F-Florzolotau PET Imaging Unveils Tau Pathology in Dementia with Lewy Bodies.

Background: Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) commonly exhibits a complex neuropathology, sharing characteristics with Alzheimer's disease (AD), including tau aggregates. However, studies using the F-AV-1451 tau tracer have shown inconsistent findings regarding both the extent and topographical distribution of tau pathology in DLB.

Objectives: Our aim was to elucidate the topographical patterns of tau deposition in DLB and to investigate the in vivo pathological distinction between DLB and AD in virtue of the F-Florzolotau positron emission tomography (PET) imaging.

A natural language processing system for the efficient extraction of cell markers.

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has emerged as a pivotal tool for exploring cellular landscapes across diverse species and tissues. Precise annotation of cell types is essential for understanding these landscapes, relying heavily on empirical knowledge and curated cell marker databases. In this study, we introduce MarkerGeneBERT, a natural language processing (NLP) system designed to extract critical information from the literature regarding species, tissues, cell types, and cell marker genes in the context of single-cell sequencing studies.

Forensic toxicological studies of acute glufosinate poisoning: A case series.

Glufosinate is a widely and increasingly used non-selective, broad-spectrum herbicide. Although cases of glufosinate poisoning are frequently reported, they are rarely documented in forensic case reports, particularly in fatal instances. The present study examined six cases of glufosinate poisoning, including a fatal case involving a 25-year-old female found deceased by the roadside, with an empty 1000 mL bottle labeled "glufosinate" by her side.

Delivering Microrobots in the Musculoskeletal System.

Disorders of the musculoskeletal system are the major contributors to the global burden of disease and current treatments show limited efficacy. Patients often suffer chronic pain and might eventually have to undergo end-stage surgery. Therefore, future treatments should focus on early detection and intervention of regional lesions.

Disease progression in proposed brain-first and body-first Parkinson's disease subtypes.

A new Parkinson's disease (PD) subtyping model has been recently proposed based on the initial location of α-synuclein inclusions, which divides PD patients into the brain-first subtype and the body-first subtype. Premotor RBD has proven to be a predictive marker of the body-first subtype. We found compared to PD patients without possible RBD (PD, representing the brain-first subtype), PD patients with possible premotor RBD (PD, representing the body-first subtype) had lower Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III (MDS UPDRS-III) score (p = 0.

Bidirectional regulation of levodopa-induced dyskinesia by a specific neural ensemble in globus pallidus external segment.

Levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) is an intractable motor complication arising in Parkinson's disease with the progression of disease and chronic treatment of levodopa. However, the specific cell assemblies mediating dyskinesia have not been fully elucidated. Here, we utilize the activity-dependent tool to identify three brain regions (globus pallidus external segment [GPe], parafascicular thalamic nucleus, and subthalamic nucleus) that specifically contain dyskinesia-activated ensembles.

Spatial enrichment and genomic analyses reveal the link of NOMO1 with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a severe motor neuron disease with uncertain genetic predisposition in most sporadic cases. The spatial architecture of cell types and gene expression are the basis of cell-cell interactions, biological function and disease pathology, but are not well investigated in the human motor cortex, a key ALS-relevant brain region. Recent studies indicated single nucleus transcriptomic features of motor neuron vulnerability in ALS motor cortex.

Generation of a human iPSC line from a Parkinson's disease patient with a novel CHCHD2 mutation (p.R145Q).

Mutations in CHCHD2 have been reported to be associated with familial Parkinson's disease (PD). We generated a human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) line by reprogramming dermal fibroblasts from a PD patient harboring a novel CHCHD2 mutation (c.434G > A, p.

TGF-β downstream of Smad3 and MAPK signaling antagonistically regulate the viability and partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition of liver progenitor cells.

Background: Liver progenitor cells (LPCs) are a subpopulation of cells that contribute to liver regeneration, fibrosis and liver cancer initiation under different circumstances.

Results: By performing adenoviral-mediated transfection, CCK-8 analyses, F-actin staining, transwell analyses, luciferase reporter analyses and Western blotting, we observed that TGF-β promoted cytostasis and partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in LPCs. In addition, we confirmed that TGF-β activated the Smad and MAPK pathways, including the Erk, JNK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways, and revealed that TGFβ-Smad signaling induced growth inhibition and partial EMT, whereas TGFβ-MAPK signaling had the opposite effects on LPCs.

Influence of shear strain on the electronic properties of monolayers MoS, WS, and MoS/WS vdW heterostructure.

Context: This study investigates the dynamic stability of monolayers MoS, WS, and MoS/WS van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs) and the influence of shear strain on their electronic properties. The computational results of the binding energy and phonon dispersion demonstrate the excellent dynamic stability of MoS/WS vdWHs. The MoS/WS vdWH, with a type-II band alignment and an indirect bandgap, reduces electron-hole recombination, enhancing the efficiency and performance of optoelectronic devices.

Pt-Clusters-Equipped Antioxidase-Like Biocatalysts as Efficient ROS Scavengers for Treating Periodontitis.

Developing high-efficiency artificial biocatalysts for scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) is critical for treating inflammation diseases and promoting tissue regeneration. By mimicking the active sites in catalase, here, a Pt-clusters-equipped antioxidase-like biocatalysts (Pt─CN) with superior catalytic abilities for stem cell protection and periodontitis treatment are reported. Owing to the excellent effects of multiple Pt clusters, Pt─CN yields exceptional catalytic ROS-scavenging activities for multiple types of ROS.

Exploring the degradation mechanism of nickel-copper-molybdenum hydrogen evolution catalysts during intermittent operation.

We investigate the dynamic degradation behaviors of a nickel-copper-molybdenum hydrogen evolution catalyst in a liquid and solid polymer electrolyte to figure out its endurance in a renewable energy-driven electrolyzer. A cathode current protection approach is proposed to achieve a durable electrolyzer during intermittent operation.

singleCellBase: a high-quality manually curated database of cell markers for single cell annotation across multiple species.

Annotating cells in the analysis of single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) data is one of the most challenging tasks that researchers are actively addressing. Manual cell annotation is generally considered the gold standard method, although it is labor intensive and independent of prior knowledge. At present, the relationship between high-quality, known marker genes and cell types is very limited, especially for a variety of species other than humans and mice.