Alkali metal cation adsorption-induced surface polarization in polymeric carbon nitride for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide production.

Photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide (HO) generation on the catalyst surface from oxygen is an electron-demanding process, making the construction of an electron-rich surface highly advantageous. In this study, a localized electric field was observed on the surface of polymeric carbon nitride (g-CN) when alkali metal cations were adsorbed onto it. These fields effectively inhibited surface carrier recombination and extended their lifespan, thereby enhancing HO production.

Microdroplet-enhanced chip platform for high-throughput immunotherapy marker screening from extracellular vesicle RNAs and membrane proteins.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are considered as promising candidates for predicting patients who respond to immunotherapy. Nevertheless, simultaneous detection of multiple EVs markers still presents significant technical challenges. In this work, we developed a high-throughput microdroplet-enhanced chip (MEC) platform, which utilizes thousands of individual microchambers (∼pL) as reactors, accelerating the detection efficiency of the CRISPR/Cas systems and increasing the sensitivity by up to 100-fold (aM level).

SLC7A11 protects luminal A breast cancer cells against ferroptosis induced by CDK4/6 inhibitors.

Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitors (CDK4/6 inhibitors) can significantly extend tumor response in patients with metastatic luminal A breast cancer, yet intrinsic and acquired resistance remains a prevalent issue. Understanding the molecular features of CDK4/6 inhibitor sensitivity and the potential efficacy of their combination with novel targeted cell death inducers may lead to improved patient outcomes. Herein, we demonstrate that ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death driven by iron-dependent phospholipid peroxidation, partly underpins the efficacy of CDK4/6 inhibitors.

Virological and Mitochondriopathogical Characteristics of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XBB.1.16 Spike.

The emergence of XBB.1.16 has gained rapid global prominence.

Modular development of organelle-targeting fluorescent probes for imaging formaldehyde in live cells.

Formaldehyde (FA) is endogenously generated fundamental biological processes in living systems. Aberrant FA homeostasis in subcellular microenvironments is implicated in numerous pathological conditions. Fluorescent probes for detecting FA in specific organelles are thus of great research interest.

KAT7 enhances the proliferation and metastasis of head and neck squamous carcinoma by promoting the acetylation level of LDHA.

Lysine acetyltransferase 7 (KAT7), a histone acetyltransferase, has recently been identified as an oncoprotein and has been implicated in the development of various malignancies. However, its specific role in head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSCC) has not been fully elucidated. Our study revealed that high expression of KAT7 in HNSCC patients is associated with poor survival prognosis and silencing KAT7 inhibits the Warburg effect, leading to reduced proliferation, invasion, and metastatic potential of HNSCC.

Sacubitril/valsartan reversal of left ventricular remodeling is associated with improved hemodynamics in resistant hypertension.

Background: Sacubitril/valsartan (S/V) has been shown to be an effective antihypertensive drug combination. However, its therapeutic effects on blood pressure (BP), hemodynamics, and left ventricular (LV) remodeling in resistant hypertension (RHTN) remain unclear.

Methods: Eighty-six patients completed this self-control study, during which olmesartan was administered within the first 8 weeks (phase 1), followed by S/V within the second 8 weeks (phase 2), with nifedipine and hydrochlorothiazide taken as background medications.

Thermal-to-Electrical Conversion Based on Salinity Gradient Driven by Evaporation.

Constructing concentration differences between anions and cations at the ends of an ionic conductor is an effective strategy in electricity generation for powering wearable devices. Temperature gradient or salinity gradient is the driving force behind such devices. But their corresponding power generation devices are greatly limited in actual application due to their complex structure and harsh application conditions.

Patterns of use of advanced wound matrices in the Veterans Administration clinics.

Chronic wounds are a common and costly health issue affecting millions of individuals in the United States, particularly those with underlying conditions such as diabetes, venous insufficiency, and peripheral artery disease. When standard treatments fail, advanced wound care therapies, such as skin substitutes, are often applied. However, the clinical effectiveness, indications, and comparative benefits of these therapies have not been well established.

Hsa-LINC02418/mmu-4930573I07Rik regulated by METTL3 dictates anti-PD-L1 immunotherapeutic efficacy via enhancement of Trim21-mediated PD-L1 ubiquitination.

Background: Limited response to programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1)/programmed death 1 (PD-1) immunotherapy is a major hindrance of checkpoint immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The abundance of PD-L1 on the tumor cell surface is crucial for the responsiveness of PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. However, the negative control of PD-L1 expression and the physiological significance of the PD-L1 inhibition in NSCLC immunotherapy remain obscure.

Evolution and Variations of the Ovine Model of Spina Bifida.

Spina bifida is the most common congenital anomaly of the central nervous system and the first non-fatal fetal lesions to be addressed by fetal intervention. While research in spina bifida has been performed in rodent, nonhuman primate, and canine models, sheep have been a model organism for the disease. This review summarizes the history of development of the ovine model of spina bifida, previous applications, and translation into clinical studies.

SIRT2 Deficiency Aggravates Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease through Modulating Gut Microbiota and Metabolites.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), characterized by excessive lipid accumulation in hepatocytes, is an increasing global healthcare burden. Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) functions as a preventive molecule for NAFLD with incompletely clarified regulatory mechanisms. Metabolic changes and gut microbiota imbalance are critical to the pathogenesis of NAFLD.

Enhanced external counterpulsation ameliorates endothelial dysfunction and elevates exercise tolerance in patients with coronary artery disease.

Purpose: Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) is a new non-drug treatment for coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the long-term effect of EECP on endothelial dysfunction and exercise tolerance, and the relationship between the changes in the endothelial dysfunction and exercise tolerance in the patients with coronary heart disease are still unclear.

Methods: A total of 240 patients with CAD were randomly divided into EECP group ( = 120) and control group ( = 120).

DNMT3B-mediated FAM111B methylation promotes papillary thyroid tumor glycolysis, growth and metastasis.

Over the past decades, the incidence of thyroid cancer (TC) rapidly increased all over the world, with the papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) accounting for the vast majority of TC cases. It is crucial to investigate novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for PTC and explore more detailed molecular mechanisms in the carcinogenesis and progression of PTC. Based on the TCGA and GEO databases, FAM111B is downregulated in PTC tissues and predicts better prognosis in PTC patients.

Ursolic Acid Ameliorates the Injury of H9c2 Cells Caused by Hypoxia and Reoxygenation Through Mediating CXCL2/NF-κB Pathway.

Ursolic acid (UA) has been reported to possess several biological benefits, such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammation, antibacterial, and neuroprotective functions. This study detects the function and molecular mechanism of UA in H9c2 cells under hypoxia and reoxygenation (H/R) conditions.Under H/R stimulation, the effects of UA on H9c2 cells were examined using ELISA and western blot assays.

SIRT3 attenuates coronary atherosclerosis in diabetic patients by regulating endothelial cell function.

Background: This study aimed to explore the relationship between the Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) gene and endothelial cell dysfunction, contributing to the progression of coronary atherosclerosis driven by hyperglycemia.

Methods: We measured serum SIRT3 levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 95 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who underwent diagnostic coronary angiography. The patients were divided into two groups according to the presence (n = 45) or absence (n = 50) of coronary artery disease (CAD).

Spina Bifida: A Review of the Genetics, Pathophysiology and Emerging Cellular Therapies.

Spina bifida is the most common congenital defect of the central nervous system which can portend lifelong disability to those afflicted. While the complete underpinnings of this disease are yet to be fully understood, there have been great advances in the genetic and molecular underpinnings of this disease. Moreover, the treatment for spina bifida has made great advancements, from surgical closure of the defect after birth to the now state-of-the-art intrauterine repair.

Ursolic acid protects against anoxic injury in cardiac microvascular endothelial cells by regulating intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and toll-like receptor 4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway.

Background: Cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) are rapidly damaged after myocardial ischemia or hypoxia. In this study, we intend to explore whether ursolic acid (UA) can protect CMECs against hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury and to detect related molecular mechanism.

Methods: CMECs were subjected to H/R condition in the absence or presence of UA.

Identification and prognostic analysis of biomarkers to predict the progression of pancreatic cancer patients.

Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a malignancy with a poor prognosis and high mortality. Surgical resection is the only "curative" treatment. However, only a minority of patients with PC can obtain surgery.

LINC00244 suppresses cell growth and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma by downregulating programmed cell death ligand 1.

The role of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in suppressing antitumor immune responses has been widely reported, and recent studies showed that PD-L1 also plays an important role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), determination of tumor cell phenotypes, metastasis, and drug resistance. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in a variety of epigenetic regulatory processes. The tumorigenesis and development of most cancers cannot be studied separately from their regulation by lncRNAs.

The Evaluation of Meloxicam Nanocrystals by Oral Administration with Different Particle Sizes.

Meloxicam (MLX) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. However, its poor water solubility limits the dissolution process and influences absorption. In order to solve this problem and improve its bioavailability, we prepared it in nanocrystals with three different particle sizes to improve solubility and compare the differences between various particle sizes.

Development and Optimization of Chitosan Nanoparticle-Based Intranasal Vaccine Carrier.

Chitosan is a natural polysaccharide, mainly derived from the shell of marine organisms. At present, chitosan has been widely used in the field of biomedicine due to its special characteristics of low toxicity, biocompatibility, biodegradation and low immunogenicity. Chitosan nanoparticles can be easily prepared.

Design of thin-structured-light projection system for small-height measurement.

A thin-structured light projection system with simple setup is proposed and applied to small-height measurement. In this system, the design of structured light pattern is carried out on the computer. The structure, color, geometric dimension, motion mode, projection brightness, contrast, and other attributes of the pattern can be edited easily.

Systematic investigation of the aza-Cope reaction for fluorescence imaging of formaldehyde and .

Increasing evidence has highlighted the endogenous production of formaldehyde (FA) in a variety of fundamental biological processes and its involvement in many disease conditions ranging from cancer to neurodegeneration. To examine the physiological and pathological relevance and functions of FA, fluorescent probes for FA imaging in live biological samples are of great significance. Herein we report a systematic investigation of 2-aza-Cope reactions between homoallylamines and FA for identification of a highly efficient 2-aza-Cope reaction moiety and development of fluorescent probes for imaging FA in living systems.