Understanding the Mechanism of Ferroptosis in Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Neurodegenerative disorders are typified by the progressive degeneration and subsequent apoptosis of neuronal cells. They encompass a spectrum of conditions, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's disease (HD), epilepsy, brian ischemia, brian injury, and neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA). Despite the considerable heterogeneity in their clinical presentation, pathophysiological underpinning and disease trajectory, a universal feature of these disorders is the functional deterioration of the nervous system concomitant with neuronal apoptosis.

Sweet taste receptors play roles in artificial sweetener-induced enhanced urine output in mice.

Sweet taste receptors found in oral and extra oral tissues play important roles in the regulation of many physiological functions. Studies have shown that urine volume increases during the lifetime exposure to artificial sweeteners. However, the detailed molecular mechanism and the general effects of different artificial sweeteners exposure on urine volume remain unclear.

Involvement of the JNK/HO‑1/FTH1 signaling pathway in nanoplastic‑induced inflammation and ferroptosis of BV2 microglia cells.

Nanoplastics (NPs) are a newly discovered type of environmental pollutant. The potential for neurotoxicity caused by NPs and their mechanisms are unclear. The present study aimed to determine the molecular mechanism underlying neurotoxicity induced by NPs.

Efficacy of Alveolar Type II Epithelial Cell Transplantation for Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: Cell transplantation is a promising therapeutic strategy for pulmonary fibrosis. In order to clarify the alveolar type II epithelial cell potential utility in the treatment of lung disease, we conducted a meta-analysis, to evaluate alveolar type II epithelial cells in animal models of lung injury and pulmonary fibrosis.

Methods: This review followed the recommendations from the PRISMA statements, Comprehensive retrieval method was used to search Embase, PubMed, Cochrane, Chinese Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP and Wanfang databases.

Jet Tomography in Heavy-Ion Collisions with Deep Learning.

Deep learning techniques have the power to identify the degree of modification of high energy jets traversing deconfined QCD matter on a jet-by-jet basis. Such knowledge allows us to study jets based on their initial, rather than final, energy. We show how this new technique provides unique access to the genuine configuration profile of jets over the transverse plane of the nuclear collision, both with respect to their production point and their orientation.

Lessons in ambivalence: The Shanghai Municipal Council's opium policies, 1906-1917.

Background: Shanghai was considered to be a "capital of opium" in modern China, hence the history of opium in the city has received significant attention. In the Shanghai International Settlement, where Chinese and foreigners lived as neighbours, drugs were considered by the administration as both "trouble maker", and important financial resource. This paper explores how the Shanghai Municipal Council (SMC), the most senior governing body in the settlement, used its position to maximize political and economic profit from the trade and consumption of opium.