Practical considerations for the optimization of in situ mineralization of perfluorocarboxylic acids and polyfluoroalkyl substances using persulfate oxidation.

Military bases and airports are often contaminated by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) due to the repeated use of aqueous film forming foams (AFFFs) from decades of training exercises, equipment testing, and extinguishing of fuel- and solvent-based fires. Pump-and-treat systems combined with sorption processes are common ex situ remediation strategies; however, they can be expensive and may require decades of operation, particularly at sites where long-term diffusion and desorption of contaminants are the primary release processes. Alternatively, in situ chemical oxidation is an effective remediation strategy in which oxidants (e.

Unraveling the impact of perfluorooctanoic acid on sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification process.

PFOA has garnered heightened scrutiny for its impact on denitrification, especially given its frequent detection in secondary effluent discharged from wastewater treatment plants. However, it is still unclear what potential risk PFOA release poses to a typical advanced treatment process, especially the sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification (SAD) process. In this study, different PFOA concentration were tested to explore their impact on denitrification kinetics and microbial dynamic responses of the SAD process.

Six-compound combo remedy ameliorates corticosterone-induced depressive behaviors in mice via targeting HTR1A signaling.

Dysregulation of brain innate immunity involving microglia is implicated in the pathology of neurological disorders including depression. Depression is a prominent medical challenge to global public health systems. Synthetic antidepressant drugs are limited by severe side-effects.

Water flush boosts performance of elemental sulfur-based denitrification packed-bed systems: Optimization and mechanisms.

Despite the promising potential of elemental sulfur-based denitrification (ESDeN) packed-bed progresses, challenges such as excessive biofilm growth and gas entrapment persist, leading to denitrification deterioration. Water flush (WF) is recognized as an effective strategy, yet its effects remain underexplored. To address this knowledge gap, this study systematically investigated WF effects on ESDeN packed-bed denitrification.

Prediction of Quercetin Analogs for Targeting Death-Associated Protein Kinase 1 (DAPK1) Against Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that greatly affects the health and life quality of the elderly population. Existing drugs mainly alleviate symptoms but fail to halt disease progression, underscoring the urgent need for the development of novel drugs. Based on the neuroprotective effects of flavonoid quercetin in AD, this study was designed to identify potential AD-related targets for quercetin and perform prediction of promising analogs for the treatment of AD.

PAHs removal by soil washing with thiacalix[4]arene tetrasulfonate.

Remediating soil contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) presents a significant environmental challenge due to their toxic and carcinogenic properties. Traditional PAHs remediation methods-chemical, thermal, and bioremediation-along with conventional soil-washing agents like surfactants and cyclodextrins face challenges of cost, ecological harm, and inefficiency. Here we show an effective and environmentally friendly calixarene derivative for PAHs removal through soil washing.

Inducement mechanism and control of self-acidification in elemental sulfur fluidizing bioreactor.

The sulfur fluidizing bioreactor (SFB) has significant superiorities in treating nitrate-rich wastewater. However, substantial self-acidification has been observed in engineering applications, resulting in frequent start-up failures. In this study, self-acidification was reproduced in a lab-scale SFB.

Adapting to seasonal temperature variations: A dynamic multi-subunit strategy for sulfur autotrophic denitrification bioreactors.

Elemental sulfur autotrophic denitrification (SAD) processes are temperature-sensitive, presenting a substantial challenge for the practical implementation of SAD bioreactors. In this study, a comprehensive methodology for designing and operating SAD bioreactors was developed, effectively managing fluctuations in nitrogen removal efficiency caused by seasonal temperature variations. Initially, the nitrate removal rate was correlated with simulated on-site temperature and nitrate loading, revealing correlation coefficients of k, k, k, and A as 5.

Optimized start-up strategies for elemental sulfur packing bioreactor achieving effective autotrophic denitrification.

The start-up efficiency of the elemental sulfur packing bioreactor (SPB) is constrained by the slow growth kinetics of autotrophic microorganisms, which is essentially optimized. This study aims to optimize start-up procedures and offer scientific guidance for the practical applications of SPB. Through comparing the start-up efficiencies under various conditions related to inoculation, backwashing, and EBCT, it was found that these conditions did not significantly influence start-up time, but they did impact denitrification performance in detail.

Effect of hydraulic regime on sulfur-packed bed performance: Denitrification and disproportionation.

Sulfur-packed beds (SPBs) have been increasingly incorporated into constructed wetland systems to overcome limitations in achieving satisfactory nitrate removal efficiency. However, the underlying impact of hydraulic regimes on SPB performance remains understudied. This study investigated the performance of a pilot-scale SPB, encompassing sulfur autotrophic denitrification (SAD) and sulfur disproportionation (SDP) processes, under various horizontal flow (HF) and vertical flow (VF) regimes.

A Simple Schiff Base Probe for Quintuplicate-Metal Analytes with Four Emission-Wavelength Responses.

A versatile mono-Schiff compound consisting of -aminobenzene-hydroxyjulolidine (ABJ-MS) has been easily synthesized using a one-step reaction. ABJ-MS displays four diverse fluorescence responses to the addition of Zn/Al/Fe/Ag, with the maximum fluorescence emission at 530 nm undergoing a hypsochromic shift to 502/490/440/430 nm, synchronously with the discriminating fluorescence enhancement being 10.6/22.

Managing microbial sulfur disproportionation for optimal sulfur autotrophic denitrification in a pilot-scale elemental sulfur packed-bed bioreactor.

Elemental sulfur packed-bed (SPB) bioreactors for autotrophic denitrification have gained more attention in wastewater treatment due to their organic carbon-free operation, low operating cost, and minimal carbon emissions. However, the rapid development of microbial S-disproportionation (MSD) in SPB reactor during deep denitrification poses a significant drawback to this new technology. MSD, the process in which sulfur is used as both an electron donor and acceptor by bacteria, plays a crucial role in the microbial-driven sulfur cycle but remains poorly understood in wastewater treatment setups.

Response of sulfur-metabolizing biofilm to external sulfide in element sulfur-based denitrification packed-bed reactor.

Dosing sulfide into the sulfur-packed-bed (SPB) has great potential to enhance the denitrification efficiency by providing compensatory electron donors, however, the response of sulfur-metabolizing biofilm to various sulfide dosages has never been investigated. In this study, the SPB reactor was carried out with increasing sulfide dosages by 3.6 kg/m/d, presenting a decreasing effluent nitrate from 14.

Dissecting the molecular mechanisms underlying the antidepressant activities of herbal medicines through the comprehensive review of the recent literatures.

Depression is clinically defined as a mood disorder with persistent feeling of sadness, despair, fatigue, and loss of interest. The pathophysiology of depression is tightly regulated by the biosynthesis, transport and signaling of neurotransmitters [e.g.

Effect of sulfur particle morphology on the performance of element sulfur-based denitrification packed-bed reactor.

The effect of particle morphology on denitrification performance in element sulfur-based denitrification (ESDeN) packed-bed process is a gap. In this study, three different types of commercial sulfur particles were selected to build the ESDeN reactors. The results showed the reactors filled with rougher sulfur particles took shorter time to reach stable denitrification performance in the start-up stage.

Insight into the shaping of microbial communities in element sulfur-based denitrification at different temperatures.

Nitrate pollution is an important cause of eutrophication and ecological disruption. Recently, element sulfur-based denitrification (ESDeN) has attracted increasing attention because of its non-carbon source dependence, low sludge yield, and cost-effectiveness. Although the denitrification performance of sulfur autotrophic denitrifying bacteria at different temperatures has been widely studied, there are still many unknown factors about the adaptability and the shaping of microbial community.

Covalent Inhibition of Pyruvate Kinase M2 Reprograms Metabolic and Inflammatory Pathways in Hepatic Macrophages against Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Warburg effect of aerobic glycolysis in hepatic M1 macrophages is a major cause for metabolic dysfunction and inflammatory stress in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Plant-derived triterpene celastrol markedly inhibited macrophage M1 polarization and adipocyte hypertrophy in obesity. The present study was designed to identify the celastrol-bound proteins which reprogrammed metabolic and inflammatory pathways in M1 macrophages.

Generation of a RRAGA knockout human iPSC line GIBHi002-A-5 using CRISPR/Cas9 technology.

Ras-related GTP-binding protein A (RagA), encoded by RRAGA gene, initially senses the availability of cellular amino acids (e.g., leucine) and controls the translocation of mTORC1 to the lysosomal membrane.

Bio-augmentation of the filler-enhanced denitrifying sulfide removal process in expanded granular sludge bed reactors.

Sulfur- and nitrogen-containing organic industrial wastewaters, which primarily result from several processes, including pharmaceutical, slaughter, papermaking, and petrochemical processes, are typical examples of refractory wastewaters. To ensure resource utilization, sulfur compounds at high concentrations in such wastewaters can be converted to elemental sulfur through specific methods. Specifically, the denitrifying sulfide removal (DSR) process can be employed to effectively recover elemental sulfur via biological sulfide oxidation, and reportedly, bio-augmentation presents as an effective strategy by which the challenges that limit the application of the DSR process can be overcome.

Thiosulfate as external electron donor accelerating denitrification at low temperature condition in S-based autotrophic denitrification biofilter.

This study was carried out to determine the inhibition of low temperature on the performance of S-based autotrophic denitrification (S-SAD) biofilter, and proposed to enhance the nitrate removal efficiency with thiosulfate as external electron donor. With the decline of temperature from 30 °C to 10 °C at 0.25 h of empty bed contact time (EBCT), the nitrate removal rate presented a logarithmical drop, and the effluent nitrate dramatically increased from 9.

Mitigating nitrite accumulation during S-based autotrophic denitrification: Balancing nitrate-nitrite reduction rate with thiosulfate as external electron donor.

This study was carried out to determine the effect of influent nitrate loading on nitrite accumulation during elemental-sulfur based denitrification process, and proposed to enhance the nitrogen removal efficiency by mitigating nitrite accumulation with thiosulfate as external electron donor. Along with increasing the nitrate influent loading (from 0.09 kg N/m/d to 1.