Association Between Brain Venous Drainage, Cerebral Aneurysm Formation and Aneurysm Rupture.

Aim: The brain venous drainage dominance is generally divided into three groups; right or left dominance and co-dominance. There is no study in the literature examining the link between brain venous drainage and aneurysm formation or rupture. Our aim was to evaluate the association between venous dominancy, aneurysm formation and rupture.

Patient Selection and Efficacy of Intradiscal Electrothermal Therapy with Respect to the Dallas Discogram Score.

Aim: Intervertebral disc degeneration can cause severe low back pain. Intradiscal electrothermal therapy (IDET) is a minimally invasive treatment option for patients with symptomatic internal disc disruption unresponsive to conservative medical care. We aimed to evaluate 12-month pain and functional outcomes and predictors of clinical success in patients with discogenic back pain treated with IDET with respect to the Dallas Discogram Scale (DDS).

Lumbosacral Conjoined Root Anomaly: Anatomical Considerations of Exiting Angles and Root Thickness.

Aim: Conjoined nerve roots (CNR) can be damaged during lumbar disc surgery and lead to neuropathic pain due to excessive retraction. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors that facilitate the identification of CNRs that can lead to the loss of fragments in the secondary axilla, nerve root injury or unpleasant surprises during lumbar disc surgery. Accordingly, we aimed to measure the thicknesses and exit angles of the nerve roots close to the pedicle to obtain scientific data regarding rare double roots.

Endovascular Treatment of Wide Necked Ruptured Saccular Aneurysms with Flow-Diverter Stent.

Aim: Flow diverter (FD) stents have been used in the treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms. There are a few studies that report the use of these devices in ruptured blister-like aneurysms. We present 5 consecutive patients, who had ruptured intracranial wide necked or side branch close to the neck of saccular aneurysms, with no other treatment options, treated with FD stents and coil embolization.

A Comparision of the Effect of Sugammadex on the Recovery Period and Postoperative Residual Block in Young Elderly and Middle-Aged Elderly Patients.

Background: The importance of the characteristics of anesthesia and postoperative residual curarization (PORC) in the elderly population should be a growing concern in this century.

Aims: To investigate the effect of sugammadex on the duration of the recovery from neuromuscular blocking agents and postoperative residual curarization in the young elderly and middle-aged elderly patients who underwent elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy, followed by a train of four (TOF) watch monitorization.

Study Design: Prospective clinical trial study.

Unilateral Horner Syndrome Following Epidural Anaesthesia in a Morbidly Obese Parturient.

Horner's syndrome is rarely observed in epidural anaesthesia; it is characterized by ptosis and enophthalmos on the affected side; miosis, anisocoria, and conjunctival hyperemia in the affected eye and anhydrosis, flushing on the affected side of the face. It is usually a complication spontaneously resolved without permanent neurological deficits. Intraoral anaesthesia, stellate, cervical and brachial plexus block, thoracic, lumbar and caudal epidural anaesthesia and intrapleural analgesia are the main causes associated with Horner's syndrome in anaesthesia.

Chronic anabolic androgenic steroid usage associated with acute coronary syndrome in bodybuilder.

Introduction: It has been argued in current studies that anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are misused by a great number of bodybuilders and athletes. However, there is diverse and often conflicting scientific data on the cardiac and metabolic complications caused by the misuse of AAS. There may be various reasons for myocardial infarction (MI) with normal coronary arteries.

Development and Optimization of Self-emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SEDDS) for Enhanced Dissolution and Permeability of Rosuvastatin.

Rosuvastatin calcium is commonly used statin for treatment of dyslipidemia. It has low bioavailability. The aim of this study was to develop new rosuvastatin calcium self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) as an alternative formulation and to evaluate the permeability of rosuvastatin calcium SEDDS by using Caco-2 cells.

Predictors of recurrence in Sydenham's chorea: Clinical observation from a single center.

Objective: Sydenham's chorea is the most common cause of acquired chorea in children and is the major manifestation for acute rheumatic fever. Despite being known as a benign, self-limiting condition, recurrences and persistence of symptoms can be seen. In this study, we aimed to evaluate retrospectively the clinical and laboratory features of patients with Sydenham's chorea and the rate and the course of recurrences, and to assess the risk of recurrences.

Perfusion-related stimuli for compensatory lung growth following pneumonectomy.

Following pneumonectomy (PNX), two separate mechanical forces act on the remaining lung: parenchymal stress caused by lung expansion, and microvascular distension and shear caused by increased perfusion. We previously showed that parenchymal stress and strain explain approximately one-half of overall compensation; the remainder was presumptively attributed to perfusion-related factors. In this study, we directly tested the hypothesis that perturbation of regional pulmonary perfusion modulates post-PNX lung growth.

Double steal phenomenon secondary to innominate artery occlusion.

Innominate artery steno-occlusive disease is a relatively rare clinical entity and may cause cerebrovascular symptoms. Herein, we report a 50-year-old male patient who presented with recurrent syncopal episodes and cerebrovascular ischemia. Color Doppler sonography revealed a distinctive flow pattern with partial and total flow reversal in the right internal carotid artery and vertebral artery, respectively.

Balloon Kyphoplasty Is a Safe and Effective Option for the Treatment of Vertebral Compression Fractures in Solid-Organ Transplant Recipients.

Objectives: Solid-organ transplant recipients are at great risk for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures because of both underlying pretransplant bone diseases and posttransplant immunosuppressive treatments. Balloon kyphoplasty is a minimally invasive procedure that is used to treat painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. It involves injection of polymethylmethacrylate into the vertebral body to stabilize the fracture and to alleviate the pain immediately.

The comparison of CT fistulography and MR imaging of perianal fistulae with surgical findings: a case-control study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic efficacies of CT fistulography and MRI, in the diagnostic work-up of perianal fistula patients.

Materials And Methods: All 41 patients who were included in the study (36 males and 5 females, with an average age of 41 years) underwent CT fistulography and MRI examinations prior to surgery. The fistula characteristics obtained from these examinations were compared with the surgical findings.

Epstein-Barr virus encephalitis with substantia nigra involvement.

Infectious mononucleosis due to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a usually benign systemic viral illness common in children. Many studies described nervous system manifestations of infectious mononucleosis with a wide spectrum of neurologic deficits. Neurologic complications of EBV are seen in both acute and reactivate infection.

Localization and mobility of glucose-coated gold nanoparticles within the brain.

Aim: To identify the localization of glucose-coated gold nanoparticles within cells of the brain after intravascular infusion which may point to the mechanism by which they cross the blood-brain barrier.

Materials & Methods: Tissue distribution of the nanoparticles was measured by inductively-coupled-mass spectrometry and localization within the brain by histochemistry and electron microscopy.

Results & Conclusion: Nanoparticles were identified within neurons and glial cells more than 10 μm from the nearest microvessel within 10 min of intracarotid infusion.

Early-Onset Mild Type Leukoencephalopathy Caused by a Homozygous EARS2 Mutation.

Childhood leukoencephalopathies are a broad class of diseases, which are extremely rare. The treatment and classification of these disorders are both challenging. Nearly half of children presenting with a leukoencephalopathy remain without a specific diagnosis.

Biphasic Pulmonary Blastoma Associated with Cerebral Metastasis.

Pulmonary blastoma is a very rare malignant tumor of the lungs. A biphasic pulmonary blastoma was histologically diagnosed by a characteristic finding as it was mainly constituted of immature tumor tissue that had both epithelial and mesenchymal components. We present a case of a 68-year-old man with biphasic pulmonary blastoma.

The Clinical Significance of IDH Mutations in Essential Thrombocythemia and Primary Myelofibrosis.

Background: Limited data exist regarding impact of IDH mutations in Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (Ph-negative MPNs). Prognostic significance of IDH mutations was asessed in 184 Ph-negative MPN patients - 107 essential thrombocythemia (ET) and 77 primary myelofibrosis (PMF).

Methods: High-resolution melting (HRM) analysis was used to detect IDH1 and IDH2 mutations.

Doppler ultrasonography helps discriminate between cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients with viral B and C hepatitis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to define the cutoff values between compensated cirrhosis and non-cirrhotic patients with viral hepatitis B and C, using the criteria of the Doppler parameters of liver vascularity.

Materials And Methods: Seventy non-cirrhotic patients with viral hepatitis B and C and 30 cirrhotic patients were included in this prospective study. The diagnostic decisiveness properties of the Doppler values in the pre-determination of liver cirrhosis were evaluated using receiver operating characteristics curve analysis.

Oxidative Status in Epileptic Children Using Carbamazepine.

Background: There is an increasing attention towards the relationship between oxidative stress and epilepsy. The effect of antiepileptic drugs on oxidant status is of major interest. Antiepileptic drugs can increase levels of free radicals, which consequently might lead to seizures.

Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of shoulder joint in patients with early stage of ankylosing spondylitis: A case-control study.

Purpose: The goal of this prospective study was to determine the prevalence of shoulder abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) who have normal shoulder X-ray examinations and no clinical shoulder abnormalities using a case-control study.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-three patients with AS according to the SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) criteria were enrolled in the study. Fifty-three patients with no AS served as control subjects.

The Effect of Diode Laser With Different Parameters on Root Fracture During Irrigation Procedure.

The aim of this study is to compare the effect of a single diode laser application and agitation of EDTA with diode laser with different parameters at different time intervals on root fracture. Ninety mandibular incisors were instrumented except the negative control group. The specimens were divided randomly into 10 groups according to final irrigation procedure: (G1) non-instrumented; (G2) distilled water; (G3) 15% EDTA; (G4) ultrasonically agitated EDTA; (G5) single 1.