Nonnegligible cascading impacts of global urban expansion on net primary productivity.

Accelerated global urban expansion not only directly occupies surrounding ecosystems, but also induces cascading losses of natural vegetation elsewhere through cropland displacement. Yet, how such effects alter the net primary productivity (NPP) worldwide remains unclear. Here, we quantified the direct and cascading impacts of global urban expansion on terrestrial NPP from 1992 to 2020 and projected the impacts under the shared socioeconomic pathways framework by 2100.

Determining the Optimal Age for Extracranial-Intracranial Bypass Surgery: A Post Hoc Analysis of the CMOSS Randomized Trial.

Background: Previous trials have failed to demonstrate the benefits of extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass surgery for patients with carotid or middle cerebral artery occlusion. However, little evidence has focused on the effect of age on prognosis. This study aimed to explore whether EC-IC bypass surgery can provide greater benefits than medical therapy alone in specific age groups.

Identification of m6A/m5C-related lncRNA signature for prediction of prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and 5-methylcytosine (m5C) RNA modifications have garnered significant attention in the field of epigenetic research due to their close association with human cancers. This study we focus on elucidating the expression patterns of m6A/m5C-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and assessing their prognostic significance and therapeutic potential. Transcriptomic profiles of ESCC were derived from public resources.

Orexin-A attenuated motion sickness through modulating neural activity in hypothalamus nuclei.

Background And Purpose: We evaluated the hypothesis that central orexin application could counteract motion sickness responses through regulating neural activity in target brain areas.

Experimental Approach: Thec effects of intracerebroventricular (i.c.

Subtle alterations of vestibulomotor functioning in conductive hearing loss.

Introduction: Conductive hearing loss (CHL) attenuates the ability to transmit air conducted sounds to the ear. In humans, severe hearing loss is often accompanied by alterations to other neural systems, such as the vestibular system; however, the inter-relations are not well understood. The overall goal of this study was to assess vestibular-related functioning proxies in a rat CHL model.

Extracranial-Intracranial Bypass and Risk of Stroke and Death in Patients With Symptomatic Artery Occlusion: The CMOSS Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Prior trials of extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass surgery showed no benefit for stroke prevention in patients with atherosclerotic occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA) or middle cerebral artery (MCA), but there have been subsequent improvements in surgical techniques and patient selection.

Objective: To evaluate EC-IC bypass surgery in symptomatic patients with atherosclerotic occlusion of the ICA or MCA, using refined patient and operator selection.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a randomized, open-label, outcome assessor-blinded trial conducted at 13 centers in China.

Impact of qualifying artery on the efficacy of stenting plus medical therapy versus medical therapy alone in patients with symptomatic intracranial stenosis: a post-hoc analysis of the CASSISS trial.

Background: A recent trial failed to show any benefit of stenting plus medical therapy over medical therapy alone in patients with symptomatic intracranial stenosis. We aimed to examine whether the symptomatic qualifying artery modifies the effect of stenting plus medical therapy.

Methods: This is a post-hoc analysis of the CASSISS trial that included patients with symptomatic intracranial stenosis, randomly assigned to undergo stenting plus medical therapy or medical therapy alone; 358/380 patients were included.

New Role of D-Cycloserine: Shorten Adaptation Process and Extend Maintenance Time of Motion Sickness.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to investigate the role of D-cycloserine (DCS) in the adaptation process and maintenance of motion sickness (MS).

Methods: In experiment 1, 120 SD rats were used to study the promoting effect of DCS on the adaptation process of MS in rats. They were randomly divided into four groups, DCS-rotation (DCS-Rot), DCS-static, saline-rotation (Sal-Rot), and saline-static, and further divided into three subgroups according to the adaptation time (4 days, 7 days, and 10 days) in each group.

PbrBZR1 interacts with PbrARI2.3 to mediate brassinosteroid-regulated pollen tube growth during self-incompatibility signaling in pear.

S-RNase-mediated self-incompatibility (SI) prevents self-fertilization and promotes outbreeding to ensure genetic diversity in many flowering plants, including pear (Pyrus sp.). Brassinosteroids (BRs) have well-documented functions in cell elongation, but their molecular mechanisms in pollen tube growth, especially in the SI response, remain elusive.

Elucidation of the GAUT gene family in eight Rosaceae species and function analysis of PbrGAUT22 in pear pollen tube growth.

The phylogenetic relationship and evolutionary history of the GAUT gene family were identified in 8 Rosaseae species. PbrGAUT22 was involved in controlling pollen tube growth by regulating the content of pectins. In plants, galacturonosyltransferases (GAUTs) were involved in homogalacturonan biosynthesis and functioned in maintaining pollen tube cell wall integrity.

Intensive blood pressure control after endovascular thrombectomy for acute ischaemic stroke (ENCHANTED2/MT): a multicentre, open-label, blinded-endpoint, randomised controlled trial.

Background: The optimum systolic blood pressure after endovascular thrombectomy for acute ischaemic stroke is uncertain. We aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of blood pressure lowering treatment according to more intensive versus less intensive treatment targets in patients with elevated blood pressure after reperfusion with endovascular treatment.

Methods: We conducted an open-label, blinded-endpoint, randomised controlled trial at 44 tertiary-level hospitals in China.

Stroboscopic lighting with intensity synchronized to rotation velocity alleviates motion sickness gastrointestinal symptoms and motor disorders in rats.

Motion sickness (MS) is caused by mismatch between conflicted motion perception produced by motion challenges and expected "internal model" of integrated motion sensory pattern formed under normal condition in the brain. Stroboscopic light could reduce MS nausea symptom via increasing fixation ability for gaze stabilization to reduce visuo-vestibular confliction triggered by distorted vision during locomotion. This study tried to clarify whether MS induced by passive motion could be alleviated by stroboscopic light with emitting rate and intensity synchronized to acceleration-deceleration phase of motion.

Effect of Stenting Plus Medical Therapy vs Medical Therapy Alone on Risk of Stroke and Death in Patients With Symptomatic Intracranial Stenosis: The CASSISS Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Prior randomized trials have generally shown harm or no benefit of stenting added to medical therapy for patients with symptomatic severe intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis, but it remains uncertain as to whether refined patient selection and more experienced surgeons might result in improved outcomes.

Objective: To compare stenting plus medical therapy vs medical therapy alone in patients with symptomatic severe intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Multicenter, open-label, randomized, outcome assessor-blinded trial conducted at 8 centers in China.

Cellulose accumulation mediated by PbrCSLD5, a cellulose synthase-like protein, results in cessation of pollen tube growth in Pyrus bretschneideri.

Cellulose, a key component of the cell wall, plays an important role in maintaining the growth of pollen tubes. However, the molecular mechanism of cellulose participating in the cessation of pear pollen tube growth remains unclear. Here, we reported that at 15 h post-cultured (HPC), the slow-growth pear pollen tubes showed thickened cell walls and cellulose accumulation in the inner wall.

Global simulation of fine resolution land use/cover change and estimation of aboveground biomass carbon under the shared socioeconomic pathways.

Land use change driven by human activities plays a critical role in the terrestrial carbon budget through habitat loss and vegetation change. Despite the projections of the global population and economic growth under the framework of the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs), little is known of land use/cover change (LUCC) at a fine spatial resolution and how carbon pools respond to LUCC under different SSPs. This study projected the future global LUCC with 1 km spatial resolution and a 10-year time step from 2010 to 2100 and then explored its direct impacts on aboveground biomass carbon (AGB) under SSPs.

Safety of endovascular therapy for symptomatic intracranial artery stenosis: a national prospective registry.

Introduction: The safety outcomes of endovascular therapy for intracranial artery stenosis in a real-world stetting are largely unknown. The Clinical Registration Trial of Intracranial Stenting for Patients with Symptomatic Intracranial Artery Stenosis (CRTICAS) was a prospective, multicentre, real-world registry designed to assess these outcomes and the impact of centre experience.

Methods: 1140 severe, symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis (ICAS) patients treated with endovascular therapy were included from 26 centres, further divided into three groups according to the annual centre volume of intracranial angioplasty and stent placement procedures over 2 years: (1) high volume for ≥25 cases/year; (2) moderate volume for 10-25 cases/year and (3) low volume for <10 cases/year.

Efficacy and Safety of a Novel Thrombectomy Device in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

The Tonbridge stent is a novel retriever with several design improvements which aim to achieve promising flow reperfusion in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We conducted a randomized controlled, multicenter, non-inferiority trial to compare the safety and efficacy of the Tonbridge stent with the Solitaire FR. AIS patients aged 18-85 years with large vessel occlusion in anterior circulation who could undergo puncture within 6 h of symptom onset were included.

Sea Voyage Training and Motion Sickness Effects on Working Ability and Life Quality After Landing.

The effects of seasickness on working performance during motion exposure have been reported, while the aftereffects on working ability and life quality decline (WLD) still remain unclarified. Two cohorts of healthy male Chinese subjects received either a single (SSV) or repeated (RSV) sea voyage training program on different vessels. A seasickness incidence (SSI) questionnaire was administered to assess the prevalence of seasickness symptoms (vomiting, nausea, other, or no symptoms).

Profiling of cybersickness and balance disturbance induced by virtual ship motion immersion combined with galvanic vestibular stimulation.

Profile of cybersickness and balance disturbance induced by virtual ship motion alone and in combination with galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) remained unclear. Subjects were exposed to a ship deck vision scene under simulated Degree 5 or 3 sea condition using a head-mounted virtual reality display with or without GVS. Virtual ship motion at Degree 5 induced significant cybersickness with symptom profile: nausea syndrome > central (headache and dizziness) > peripheral (cold sweating) > increased salivation.

Identifying early gastric cancer under magnifying narrow-band images with deep learning: a multicenter study.

Background And Aims: Narrow-band imaging with magnifying endoscopy (ME-NBI) has shown advantages in the diagnosis of early gastric cancer (EGC). However, proficiency in diagnostic algorithms requires substantial expertise and experience. In this study, we aimed to develop a computer-aided diagnostic model for EGM (EGCM) to analyze and assist in the diagnosis of EGC under ME-NBI.

Treatment with Minocycline Suppresses Microglia Activation and Reverses Neural Stem Cells Loss after Simulated Microgravity.

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of microglia on simulated microgravity-induced hippocampal neurogenesis reduction and the possible mechanism underlying. Adult rats were treated with tail suspension for different times and the changes of neural stem cells (NSCs) were examined by immunohistochemistry. Then, minocycline was used to inhibit the activation of microglia, and the numbers of microglia and NSCs were detected after microgravity.

Assessing the Autonomic and Behavioral Effects of Passive Motion in Rats using Elevator Vertical Motion and Ferris-Wheel Rotation.

The overall goal of this study is to assess the autonomic and behavioral effects of passive motion in rodents using the elevator vertical motion and Ferris-wheel rotation devices. These assays can help confirm the integrity and normal functioning of the autonomic nervous system. They are coupled to quantitative measures based on defecation counting, open-field examination, and balance beam crossing.