Uptake Route Altered the Bioavailability of Graphene in : Comparing Waterborne and Sediment Exposures.

Numerous studies on the bioavailability of graphene-based nanomaterials relate to the water-only exposure route. However, the sediment exposure route should be the most important pathway for benthic organisms to ingest graphene, while to date little work on the bioavailability of graphene in benthic organisms has been explored. In this study, with the help of carbon-14-labeled few-layer graphene (C-FLG), we quantificationally compared the bioaccumulation, biodistribution, and elimination kinetics of C-FLG in loaches via waterborne and sediment exposures.