The phonon scattering mechanism and its effect on the temperature dependent thermal and thermoelectric properties of a silver nanowire.

In this work, the electron-phonon, phonon-phonon, and phonon structure scattering mechanisms and their effect on the thermal and thermoelectric properties of a silver nanowire (AgNW) is investigated in the temperature range of 10 to 300 K. The electron-phonon scattering rate decreases with the increase of temperature. The phonon-phonon scattering rate increases with temperature and becomes greater than the electron-phonon scattering rate when the temperature is higher than the Debye temperature (223 K).

Proposed a self-absorption internal standard model to detect element concentrations of complex constituent material with a single emission line of element in laser plasmas.

Laser induced plasmas (LIPs) method is a highly regarded approach to evaluate the chemical composition of materials. But the strong self-absorption of the radiation seriously affects its accuracy. Meanwhile, the model based on self-absorption phenomenon makes its application very difficult.

Suppression of higher diffraction orders in the extreme ultraviolet range by a reflective quasi-random square nano-pillar array.

Higher diffraction orders of a grating introduce so-called harmonics contamination that leads to ambiguity in the spectral data. They are also present in "monochromatic" output beams processed by grating monochromators at synchrotron radiation facilities, making calibration results of optical elements and detectors imprecise. The paper describes a new design of a reflective quasi-random square nano-pillar array grating to reduce the amount of data of the grating relief pattern that is 10 cm in size and suppresses higher diffraction orders in the extreme ultraviolet range.

Realization of near-perfect absorption in the whole reststrahlen band of SiC.

Materials used for outdoor radiative cooling technologies need not only be transparent in the solar spectral region, but also need to have a broadband perfect absorption in the infrared atmospheric transparency window (infrared-ATW). Silicon carbide (SiC) has been thought to be a potential candidate for such materials. However, due to the near-perfect reflection of electromagnetic waves in the whole reststrahlen band (RB) of SiC, which is within the infrared-ATW, perfect absorption in the whole RB remains a challenge.

Single-focus spiral zone plates.

We extend the concept of spiral zone plates along the optical axis and define a specific single optical element, termed as single-focus spiral zone plates (SFSZPs), for the generation of a single-focus vortex beam. The key idea is to make the transmittance of the spiral zone plates sinusoidal in the azimuthal direction. Furthermore, a two-parameter modified sinusoidal apodization window is introduced to modulate the transmittance function.

Quasi suppression of higher-order diffractions with inclined rectangular apertures gratings.

Advances in the fundamentals and applications of diffraction gratings have received much attention. However, conventional diffraction gratings often suffer from higher-order diffraction contamination. Here, we introduce a simple and compact single optical element, named inclined rectangular aperture gratings (IRAG), for quasi suppression of higher-order diffractions.

Quasi-periodic gratings: diffraction orders accelerate along curves.

Light diffracting to different diffraction orders of a periodic grating generally propagates along a set of straight trajectories. Here we show that certain quasi-periodic gratings can produce curved diffraction orders. These curved lobes are created by the caustic interference of the originally straight diffraction orders and manifest themselves as accelerating beams.

Toward two-dimensional nanometer resolution hard X-ray differential-interference-contrast imaging using modified photon sieves.

In this Letter, we report a significant step forward in the design of single-optical-element optics for two-dimensional (2D) hard X-ray differential-interference-contrast (DIC) imaging based on modified photon sieves (MPSs). MPSs were obtained by a modified optic, i.e.