Evaluation of nocturnal blood pressure changes and urinary electrolyte excretion in children with enuresis.

Background: Monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE) is defined as involuntary nighttime urination of children over five years of age without any congenital or acquired defect in the central nervous system. Many factors, mainly nocturnal polyuria, sleep disorders, decreased bladder capacity, and bladder dysfunctions play a role in the etiology of MNE.

Methods: Eighty-three children diagnosed with MNE were included in the study.

Primary cavitary tuberculosis in an infant.

In infants, tuberculosis usually progresses as hilar lymphadenopathy and parenchyma changes in lungs; associating cavitary lesions are rare. A six-month-old infant was admitted to our hospital with fever. Physical examination revealed decreased breathe sounds in the right lung.

The Serum Concentrations of Trace Elements and Vitamin A in Turkish Six-Month-Old Infants with Different Feeding Practices.

Breast feeding is the first and most important step of a healthy diet. Breast milk contains important vitamins and trace elements such as iron, zinc, copper, and vitamin A. The aim of our study was to evaluate the levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, serum iron, iron binding capacity, ferritin, serum zinc, copper and vitamin A in three groups of infants, which were determined based on feeding practices.

Right middle lobe atelectasis in children with asthma and prognostic factors.

Background: Although right middle lobe (RML)-atelectasis of the lungs is a common complication of asthma, the relevant data is limited. The aim of this study is to define the characteristics of RML atelectasis in asthma during childhood.

Methods: Children with asthma who had recently developed RML atelectasis were included; anti-inflammatory medications, clarithromycin, and inhaled salbutamol were prescribed, chest-physiotherapy (starting on the sixth day) was applied.

Lactate Level Is More Significant Than Carboxihemoglobin Level in Determining Prognosis of Carbon Monoxide Intoxication of Childhood.

Objectives: To evaluate the demographics, risk factors, correlation between carbon monoxide (CO) level and clinical findings, and laboratory findings determining the prognosis and ischemic myocardial injury due to CO intoxication in patients admitted to pediatric emergency department.

Materials And Methods: Six hundred seventy-four patients were admitted with CO intoxication between May 2007 and October 2009, 288 patients who required hospitalization were enrolled into the study prospectively.

Results: Incidentally, 144 (50%) of the patients were evenly distributed as girls and boys.

Long-term outcomes of the shaken baby syndrome prevention program: Turkey's experience.

Aim: Shaken baby syndrome (SBS) is a condition which may cause to serious health problems in the baby. SBS may be prevented by increasing awareness with giving education to parents especially in the early postnatal period. In shaken baby prevention programs, education is recommended to be given before the 2-4(th) month during which the frequency of crying is increased.

Platelet aggregation, secretion, and coagulation changes in children with asthma.

The chronic inflammation in asthma evolves by cells including eosinophils, mast cells and lymphocytes. Despite their principal function in hemostasis, platelets contribute to pathogenesis of asthma that activation of platelets occurs following antigen provocation and during asthma attack. Our aim was to evaluate the platelet functions and other hemostatic features of children with asthma, both during symptom-free period and asthma attack.

What a pandemic teaches us about vaccination attitudes of parents of children with asthma.

Background: During the recent pandemic, Influenza A/H1N1 vaccine uptake remained far below the targeted rates. Associated factors regarding vaccine refusal in the general population have been reported in many studies, however the reasons behind refusals for asthmatic children have not yet been identified. We aimed to investigate Influenza A/H1N1 virus vaccine acceptance for children with asthma, to determine the attitudes and beliefs of parents concerning Influenza A/H1N1 disease and vaccine and to identify the association of asthma control parameters with vaccination.

A comparison of intravenous immunoglobulin (2 g/kg totally) and single doses of anti-D immunoglobulin at 50 μg/kg, 75 μg/kg in newly diagnosed children with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: Ankara hospital experience.

We conducted this prospective randomized trial of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment in children with newly diagnosed immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) to compare the efficacy of IVIG to standard and higher doses of anti-D IVIG. Seventy-eight patients who were previously untreated and between the age of 1 and 18 years with newly diagnosed acute ITP and a platelet concentration less than 20×10/l were eligible for enrollment. In this study IVIG treatment was compared with two different doses of anti-D.

Iron deficiency anemia in infants: does it really affect the myocardial functions?

The aim was to assess the myocardial functions in infants with iron deficiency anemia (IDA). The findings of 22 infants with IDA and 16 healthy infants were compared. Complete blood count in all infants, serum iron level, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), and serum ferritin level in patients were evaluated.

Dysfunctional voiding in children with asthma.

A prospective study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of suspected dysfunctional voiding (DV) and associated risk factors in children with asthma. The DV is defined as any voiding symptoms and/or urinary incontinence. Children (4-10-year-old) with asthma (n=178) and healthy subjects (n=197) were enrolled.

In-vitro platelet hyperaggregation and hypersecretion associated with the use of fish oil in healthy children.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate how fish oil supplementation in children affects platelet function tests in vitro.

Materials And Methods: The study included 62 children (20 healthy children without any medications and 42 healthy children who volunteered to take fish oil supplementation) aged between 2 and 12 years. In the group of children taking fish oil supplementation, the baseline, fourth week, and eighth week values for platelet function tests were obtained.

Increased serum hepcidin and ghrelin levels in children treated for iron deficiency anemia.

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the relation between iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and serum leptin, hepcidin, and ghrelin levels.

Methods: Thirty children with IDA and 28 healthy children between the ages of 6 months and 6 years admitted to our hospital were evaluated prospectively. IDA was diagnosed based on clinical and laboratory findings.

Prevalence of obesity and associated risk factors among adolescents in Ankara, Turkey.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of and the risk factors associated with obesity among adolescents in Ankara, Turkey.

Methods: The study was conducted in 26 schools in Ankara during the time period from September 2010 to March 2011. A total of 8848 adolescents aged 11-18 years were chosen using a population-based stratified cluster sampling method.

Successful use of recombinant factor VIIa in a child with Schoenlein-Henoch purpura presenting with compartment syndrome and severe factor XIII deficiency.

In this article, we present a 7-year-old boy with Schoenlein-Henoch purpura (HSP) presented with compartment syndrome and factor XIII deficiency and treated with recombinant factor VIIa and fasciotomy. Treatment decisions for patients with HSP presenting with compartment syndrome should be made on a case-by-case basis. Factor XIII deficiency should be in mind in these patients.

Increased thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor and decreased tissue factor pathway inhibitor and thrombomodulin levels in children with hypothyroidism.

Objective: We determined the profile of coagulation/fibrinolytic and vascular endothelial cell function parameters including plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) and thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI), tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI), thrombomodulin (TM), and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) levels in children with hypothyroidism.

Methods: Forty children with hypothyroidism aged 0-16 months who presented for the first time to our hospital and 29 age-and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled in the study. All coagulation tests were performed with ELISA method.

Procoagulant and anticoagulant factors in childhood hypothyroidism.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of thyroid hormone deficiencies in childhood on the elements of coagulation proteins. Consecutive 54 children with hypothyroidism and 55 healthy controls aged 1 month-16 years were enrolled. One year after Na-L-thyroxine treatment, the study parameters were reevaluated.

The effect of an anaphylaxis guideline presentation on the knowledge level of residents.

Objective: To determine the effects of an anaphylaxis guideline presentation in residency training, which is an important period for having skilled and knowledgable doctors in the future and see how the residents' level of knowledge changes after presentation. The study is the first in Turkey to identify ways to integrate clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) in residency training.

Methods: In this interventional study to evaluate a continuous medical education (CME) intervention without a comparison group, a clinical practice guidelines on diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis was presented to the Family Medicine and paediatrics residents at the Ankara Training and Research Hospital, by a specialist in paediatric allergy.

A novel pathogenic DNA variation in the OCRL1 gene in Lowe syndrome.

The oculocerebrorenal syndrome of Lowe (OCRL) is an X-linked disorder characterized by congenital cataracts, renal tubular dysfunction, cognitive problems and maladaptive behavior. The syndrome is caused by pathogenic DNA variations in the X-linked OCRL1 gene. A 24-month-old boy was referred to our hospital with delayed motor milestones, hypotonia, involuntary purposeless movements of hands and feet, congenital cataract, severe feeding difficulties, and failure to thrive.

Childhood obesity-related cardiovascular risk factors and carotid intima-media thickness.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between childhood obesity and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT). This is a cross-sectional study in obese children and non-obese control subjects. This study included 75 obese children and 40 non-obese control children.

Life-threatening intracranial bleeding in a newborn with congenital cytomegalovirus infection: late-onset neonatal hemorrhagic disease.

The authors present a case of a 36-day-old infant with intracranial and intramuscular hemorrhage due to vitamin K deficiency bleeding, who received intramuscular vitamin K prophylaxis at birth. In this case, laboratory tests showed anemia, liver dysfunction with cholestasis, and coagulopathy, consistent with vitamin K deficiency abnormality. Serological analyses showed that cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin (Ig)M and IgG avidity were both positive.

An experience of oseltamivir phosphate (tamiflu™) in a pediatric patient with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: a case report.

We report a pediatric patient with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura who suffered from an influenza A (H1N1) virus infection. A 13-year-old girl presented with fever, coughing, and generalized petechiae. The influenza A antigen was positive in her pharyngeal aspirate.

An unusual cause of hemoptysis in a child: live leech in the posterior pharynx.

An 8-year-old girl was admitted to the emergency department with hemoptysis. Her history revealed that she had been drinking unfiltered tap water several days before. Physical examination revealed a black live foreign object in the pharynx with local posterior pharyngeal oozing.

Utility of ApoB/ApoA1 ratio for the prediction of cardiovascular risk in children with metabolic syndrome.

Objective: To assess whether apoB/apoA1 ratio is associated or not with metabolic syndrome in obese children.

Methods: A 198 obese children and 41 healthy control subjects were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. The apoB/apoA1 ratio and other metabolic syndrome components in obese children with/without metabolic syndrome were compared to healthy controls.