Effect and microbial mechanism of pharmaceutical and personal care product exposure on partial nitrification process and nitrous oxide emission.

This study focused on the short- and long-term exposure of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) to the partial nitrification process and nitrous oxide emission. The corresponding microbial mechanisms were also explored. The results revealed a concentration-dose effect on the partial nitrification process.

Shape and boundary-aware multi-branch model for semi-supervised medical image segmentation.

Supervised learning-based medical image segmentation solutions usually require sufficient labeled training data. Insufficient available labeled training data often leads to the limitations of model performances, such as over-fitting, low accuracy, and poor generalization ability. However, this dilemma may worsen in the field of medical image analysis.

Carboxymethyl chitosan-folic acid-conjugated Fe3O4@SiO2 as a safe and targeting antitumor nanovehicle in vitro.

A synthetic method to prepare a core-shell-structured Fe3O4@SiO2 as a safe nanovehicle for tumor cell targeting has been developed. Superparamagnetic iron oxide is encapsulated inside nonporous silica as the core to provide magnetic targeting. Carboxymethyl chitosan-folic acid (OCMCS-FA) synthesized through coupling folic acid (FA) with OCMCS is then covalently linked to the silica shell and renders new and improved functions because of the original biocompatible properties of OCMCS and the targeting efficacy of FA.