Characterization of lithium zinc titanate doped with metal ions as anode materials for lithium ion batteries.

With the aim of improving the ionic and electronic conductivities of LiZnTiO for high performance lithium ion battery applications, LiZnMTiO (M = Li, Cu, Al, Ti, Nb, Mo) compounds are successfully fabricated using facile high temperature calcination at 800 °C. Physical characterization and lithium ion reversible storage demonstrate that Zn-site substitution by multivalent metal ions is beneficial for improving the migration rate of ions and electrons of LiZnTiO. X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy reveal that the crystal structure and microscopic morphology of bare LiZnTiO do not change by introducing a small amount of foreign metal ions.

[Effects of growth stage and altitude on twig functional traits and biomass allocation of in the headwater region of Minjiang River, China].

This study aimed at understanding the differences in traits of functional twigs and leaves of a typical alpine shrub species, , at Kaka Mountain in the headwater region of Minjiang River. Leaf and twig traits were compared for shrubs at different growth stages (flower bud stage and flowering stage) and altitude (3600 m and 3800 m). The effects of spatial heterogeneity on their correlations and trade-offs were evaluated at leaf and twig levels, respectively.