Constructing Donor-Acceptor Covalent Organic Frameworks for Highly Efficient H2O2 Photosynthesis Coupled with Oxidative Organic Transformations.

The development of photocatalytic systems that enable the simultaneous production of H2O2 and value-added organic chemicals presents a dual advantage: generating valuable products while maximizing the utilization of solar energy. Despite the potential, there are relatively few reports on photocatalysts capable of such dual functions. In this study, we synthesized a series of donor-acceptor covalent organic frameworks (COFs), designated as JUC-675 to JUC-677, to explore their photocatalytic efficiency in the co-production of H2O2 and N-benzylbenzaldimine (BBAD).

Conserved transcriptional regulation by BRN1 and BRN2 in neocortical progenitors drives mammalian neural specification and neocortical expansion.

The neocortex varies in size and complexity among mammals due to the tremendous variability in the number and diversity of neuronal subtypes across species. The increased cellular diversity is paralleled by the expansion of the pool of neocortical progenitors and the emergence of indirect neurogenesis during brain evolution. The molecular pathways that control these biological processes and are disrupted in neurological disorders remain largely unknown.

Serum targeted metabolomics uncovering specific amino acid signature for diagnosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is a hepatobiliary malignancy which accounts for approximately 5-10 % of primary liver cancers and has a high mortality rate. The diagnosis of iCCA remains significant challenges owing to the lack of specific and sensitive diagnostic tests available. Hence, improved methods are needed to detect iCCA with high accuracy.

Interface Synergy of Exposed Oxygen Vacancy and Pd Lewis Acid Sites Enabling Superior Cooperative Photoredox Synthesis.

Photo-driven cross-coupling of o-arylenediamines and alcohols has emerged as an alternative for the synthesis of bio-active benzimidazoles. However, tackling the key problem related to efficient adsorption and activation of both coupling partners over photocatalysts towards activity enhancement remains a challenge. Here, we demonstrate an efficient interface synergy strategy by coupling exposed oxygen vacancies (V) and Pd Lewis acid sites for benzimidazole and hydrogen (H) coproduction over Pd-loaded TiO nanospheres with the highest photoredox activity compared to previous works so far.

Enhancement of Docosahexaenoic Acid and Eicosapentaenoic Acid Biosynthesis in Isochrysis galbana by Bacillus jeotgali.

Isochrysis galbana is valuable in aquaculture due to its production of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). However, achieving high yields of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) presents challenges, leading to exploration of innovative approaches. This study investigated the influence of Bacillus jeotgali on the growth of I.

Prediction of pathological complete response and prognosis in locally advanced rectal cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer is currently the third most common malignant tumor and the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) is standard for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Except for pathological examination after resection, it is not known exactly whether LARC patients have achieved pathological complete response (pCR) before surgery.

All-in-One: Plasmonic Janus Heterostructures for Efficient Cooperative Photoredox Catalysis.

Janus heterostructures consisting of multiple jointed components with distinct properties have gained growing interest in the photoredox catalytic field. Herein, we have developed a facile low-temperature method to gain anisotropic one-dimensional Au-tipped CdS (Au-CdS) nanorods (NRs), followed by assembling Ru molecular co-catalyst (RuN) onto the surface of the NRs. The CdS NRs decorated with plasmonic Au nanoparticles and RuN complex harness the virtues of metal-semiconductor and inorganic-organic interface, giving directional charge transfer channels, spatially separated reaction sites, and enhanced local electric field distribution.

Bimetallic Single Atom/Nanoparticle Ensemble for Efficient Photochemical Cascade Synthesis of Ethylene from Methane.

Light-driven photoredox catalysis presents a promising approach for the activation and conversion of methane (CH) into high value-added chemicals under ambient conditions. However, the high C-H bond dissociation energy of CH and the absence of well-defined C-H activation sites on catalysts significantly limit the highly efficient conversion of CH toward multicarbon (C) hydrocarbons, particularly ethylene (CH). Herein, we demonstrate a bimetallic design of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) and Pd single atoms (SAs) on ZnO for the cascade conversion of CH into CH with the highest production rate compared with previous works.

Covalently bridging graphene edges for improving mechanical and electrical properties of fibers.

Assembling graphene sheets into macroscopic fibers with graphitic layers uniaxially aligned along the fiber axis is of both fundamental and technological importance. However, the optimal performance of graphene-based fibers has been far lower than what is expected based on the properties of individual graphene. Here we show that both mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of graphene-based fibers can be significantly improved if bridges are created between graphene edges through covalent conjugating aromatic amide bonds.

Identification and validation of a novel risk model based on cuproptosis‑associated m6A for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a prevalent cancer with a poor survival rate due to anatomical limitations of the head and a lack of reliable biomarkers. Cuproptosis represents a novel cellular regulated death pathway, and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common internal RNA modification in mRNA. They are intricately connected to tumor formation, progression, and prognosis.

Optical enhancement mode 2 improves the detection rate of gastric neoplastic lesion in high-risk populations: A multicenter randomized controlled clinical study.

Objectives: Detection of early neoplastic lesions is crucial for improving the survival rates of patients with gastric cancer. Optical enhancement mode 2 is a new image-enhanced endoscopic technique that offers bright images and can improve the visibility of neoplastic lesions. This study aimed to compare the detection of neoplastic lesions with optical enhancement mode 2 and white-light imaging (WLI) in a high-risk population.

Gut bacteria exacerbates TNBS-induced colitis and kidney injury through oxidative stress.

Gut microbiota has been implicated in the initiation and progression of various diseases; however, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive and effective therapeutic strategies are scarce. In this study, we investigated the role and mechanisms of gut microbiota in TNBS-induced colitis and its associated kidney injury while evaluating the potential of dietary protein as a therapeutic intervention. The intrarectal administration of TNBS induced colitis in mice, concurrently with kidney damage.

Electrolyte-Controlled Photoelectrochemical Photocurrent Switching Effect in High-Performance Self-Powered Broadband Photoelectrochemical-Type Photodetectors Based on MnPS Nanosheets.

Photoelectric devices are extensively applied in optical logic systems, light communication, optical imaging, and so on. However, traditional photoelectric devices can only generate unidirectional photocurrent, which hinders the simplification and multifunctionality of devices. Recently, it has become a new research focus to achieve controllable reversal of the output photocurrent direction (bipolar current) in a photoelectric system.

BRN1/2 Function in Neocortical Size Determination and Microcephaly.

The mammalian neocortex differs vastly in size and complexity between mammalian species, yet the mechanisms that lead to an increase in brain size during evolution are not known. We show here that two transcription factors coordinate gene expression programs in progenitor cells of the neocortex to regulate their proliferative capacity and neuronal output in order to determine brain size. Comparative studies in mice, ferrets and macaques demonstrate an evolutionary conserved function for these transcription factors to regulate progenitor behaviors across the mammalian clade.

Efficient and Direct Functionalization of Allylic sp C-H Bonds with Concomitant CO Reduction.

Solar-driven CO reduction integrated with C-C/C-X bond-forming organic synthesis represents a substantially untapped opportunity to simultaneously tackle carbon neutrality and create an atom-/redox-economical chemical synthesis. Herein, we demonstrate the first cooperative photoredox catalysis of efficient and tunable CO reduction to syngas, paired with direct alkylation/arylation of unactivated allylic sp C-H bonds for accessing allylic C-C products, over SiO -supported single Ni atoms-decorated CdS quantum dots (QDs). Our protocol not only bypasses additional oxidant/reductant and pre-functionalization of organic substrates, affording a broad of allylic C-C products with moderate to excellent yields, but also produces syngas with tunable CO/H ratios (1 : 2-5 : 1).

SETD1A-mediated H3K4me3 methylation upregulates lncRNA HOXC-AS3 and the binding of HOXC-AS3 to EP300 and increases EP300 stability to suppress the ferroptosis of NSCLC cells.

Background: Histone methyltransferases are crucial regulators in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development. This study explored the mechanism of histone methyltransferase SET domain containing 1A (SETD1A)-mediated H3K4me2 methylation in NSCLC cell ferroptosis and provides novel targets for NSCLC treatment.

Methods: Upon downregulation of SETD1A in NSCLC cell lines, cell proliferation potential, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) activities, iron content, and SETD1A, long noncoding RNA HOXC cluster antisense RNA 3 (lncRNA HOXC-AS3), E1A binding protein p300 (EP300), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) expressions were determined via cell counting kit-8, ELISA, iron assay kits, RT-qPCR, and western blot.

Spatially and temporally understanding dynamic solid-electrolyte interfaces in carbon dioxide electroreduction.

The ubiquity of solid-liquid interfaces in nature and the significant role of their atomic-scale structure in determining interfacial properties have led to intensive research. Particularly in electrocatalysis, however, a molecular-level picture that clearly describes the dynamic interfacial structures and organizations with their correlation to preferred reaction pathways in electrochemical reactions remains poorly understood. In this review, CO electroreduction reaction (CORR) is spatially and temporally understood as a result of intricate interactions at the interface, in which the interfacial features are highly relevant.

Enhanced CycleGAN Network with Adaptive Dark Channel Prior for Unpaired Single-Image Dehazing.

Unpaired single-image dehazing has become a challenging research hotspot due to its wide application in modern transportation, remote sensing, and intelligent surveillance, among other applications. Recently, CycleGAN-based approaches have been popularly adopted in single-image dehazing as the foundations of unpaired unsupervised training. However, there are still deficiencies with these approaches, such as obvious artificial recovery traces and the distortion of image processing results.

Enhancing the Thermotolerance of Isochrysis zhangjiangensis Through Co-culturing With Algoriphagus marincola.

Isochrysis zhangjiangensis is an important microalgal species used as bait in aquaculture. However, its optimal cultivation temperature is around 25 °C, limiting its use in summer when temperature is higher. To overcome this limitation, we aimed to develop a consortia of I.

New Radical Route and Insight for the Highly Efficient Synthesis of Benzimidazoles Integrated with Hydrogen Evolution.

Benzimidazoles are a versatile class of scaffolds with important biological activities, whereas their synthesis in a lower-cost and more efficient manner remains a challenge. Here, we demonstrate a conceptually new radical route for the high-performance photoredox coupling of alcohols and diamines to synthesize benzimidazoles along with stoichiometric hydrogen (H ) over Pd-decorated ultrathin ZnO nanosheets (Pd/ZnO NSs). The mechanistic study reveals the unique advantage of ZnO NSs over other supports and particularly that the features of Pd nanoparticles in facilitating the cleavage of the α-C-H bond of alcohols and adsorbing subsequently-generated C-centered radicals hold the key to turning on the reaction.

Exposed Zinc Sites on Hybrid ZnIn S @CdS Nanocages for Efficient Regioselective Photocatalytic Epoxide Alcoholysis.

Photocatalytic epoxide alcoholysis through C-O bond cleavage and formation has emerged as an alternative to synthesizing anti-tumoral pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals. However, the lack of crucial evidence to interpret the interaction between reactants and photocatalyst surface makes it challenging for photocatalytic epoxide alcoholysis with both high activity and regioselectivity. In this work, we report the hierarchical ZnIn S @CdS photocatalyst for epoxide alcoholysis with high regioselectivity nearly 100 %.

Heterostructure-Engineered Semiconductor Quantum Dots toward Photocatalyzed-Redox Cooperative Coupling Reaction.

Semiconductor quantum dots have been emerging as one of the most ideal materials for artificial photosynthesis. Here, we report the assembled ZnS-CdS hybrid heterostructure for efficient coupling cooperative redox catalysis toward the oxidation of 1-phenylethanol to acetophenone/2,3-diphenyl-2,3-butanediol (pinacol) integrated with the reduction of protons to H. The strong interaction and typical type-I band-position alignment between CdS quantum dots and ZnS quantum dots result in efficient separation and transfer of electron-hole pairs, thus distinctly enhancing the coupled photocatalyzed-redox activity and stability.

Role of cognitive reserve in ischemic stroke prognosis: A systematic review.

Objective: This systematic review was performed to identify the role of cognitive reserve (CR) proxies in the functional outcome and mortality prognostication of patients after acute ischemic stroke.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were comprehensively searched by two independent reviewers from their inception to 31 August 2022, with no restrictions on language. The reference lists of reviews or included articles were also searched.