Conjugated bile acids alleviate acute pancreatitis through inhibition of TGR5 and NLRP3 mediated inflammation.

Introduction: Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a crucial gastrointestinal disease characterized by systemic inflammatory responses and persistent multiple organ failure. The role of bile acids (BAs) in diverse inflammatory diseases is increasingly recognized as crucial, but the underlying role of BA conjugation remains elusive.

Objectives: Our study aim to investigate the potential role of conjugated bile acids in SAP and reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying its regulatory effects.

Combining lymph node ratio to develop prognostic models for postoperative gastric neuroendocrine neoplasm patients.

Background: Lymph node ratio (LNR) was demonstrated to play a crucial role in the prognosis of many tumors. However, research concerning the prognostic value of LNR in postoperative gastric neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN) patients was limited.

Aim: To explore the prognostic value of LNR in postoperative gastric NEN patients and to combine LNR to develop prognostic models.

Photocatalytic Enantioselective Radical Cascade Multicomponent Minisci Reaction of β-Carbolines Using Diazo Compounds as Radical Precursors.

Here, a photocatalytic asymmetric multicomponent cascade Minisci reaction of β-carbolines with enamides and diazo compounds is reported, enabling an effective enantioselective radical C─H functionalization of β-carbolines with high yields and enantioselectivity (up to 83% yield and 95% ee). This enantioselective multicomponent Minisci protocol exhibits step economy, high chemo-/enantio-selective control, and good functional group tolerance, allowing access to a variety of valuable chiral β-carbolines. Notably, diazo compounds are suitable radical precursors in enantioselective cascade radical reactions.

Chiral Cp Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Enantioselective Aziridination of Unactivated Terminal Alkenes.

Chiral cyclopentadienyl-rhodium(III) Cp Rh(III) catalysis has been demonstrated to be competent for catalyzing highly enantioselective aziridination of challenging unactivated terminal alkenes and nitrene sources. The chiral Cp Rh(III) catalysis system exhibited outstanding catalytic performance and wide functional group tolerance, yielding synthetically important and highly valuable chiral aziridines with good to excellent yields and enantioselectivities (up to 99 % yield, 93 % ee). This protocol presents a novel and effective strategy for synthesizing enantioenriched aziridines from simple alkenes.

Crosstalk between alternative splicing and inflammatory bowel disease: Basic mechanisms, biotechnological progresses and future perspectives.

Background: Alternative splicing (AS) is an omnipresent regulatory mechanism of gene expression that enables the generation of diverse splice isoforms from a single gene. Recently, AS events have gained considerable momentum in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods: Our review has summarized the complex process of RNA splicing, and firstly highlighted the potential involved molecules that target aberrant splicing events in IBD.

Significantly improved thermoelectric performance of SnSe originating from collaborative adjustment between valence and conduction bands, mass fluctuations, and local strain.

In this study, environmentally friendly, low cost, and easy to synthesize In and V co-doped SnSe materials was designed and prepared vacuum melting and spark plasma sintering technology, which avoids the shortcomings of high-performance Pb, Ge, and Na-doped SnSe samples. In and V, doping achieved appropriate bandgap () and energy band degeneracy () from the valence and conduction band, obtaining the highest electrical conductivity of 4726 S m at 773 K. The impurity state controls the carrier transport process below 573 K, while and control the process above 573 K.

Values of different biochemical indices and clinical scoring systems for the assessment of acute biliary pancreatitis in a Chinese population.

Objective: To investigate values of biochemical indices and clinical scoring systems for the assessment of acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP).

Methods: Clinical characteristics, laboratory values including procalcitonin (PCT), and radiologic examinations of all ABP patients with mild acute pancreatitis (MAP), moderately severe acute pancreatitis (MSAP), or severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) were recorded within 48 hours after the onset of acute pancreatitis. Scores of the Accuracy of Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II, Bedside Index of Severity in Acute Pancreatitis (BISAP), Computed Tomography Severity Index (CTSI), Ranson, Japanese Severity Score (JSS), Pancreatitis Outcome Prediction (POP) Score and Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) score were then calculated.

Nanostructured TiO Arrays for Energy Storage.

Because of their extensive specific surface area, excellent charge transfer rate, superior chemical stability, low cost, and Earth abundance, nanostructured titanium dioxide (TiO) arrays have been thoroughly explored during the past few decades. The synthesis methods for TiO nanoarrays, which mainly include hydrothermal/solvothermal processes, vapor-based approaches, templated growth, and top-down fabrication techniques, are summarized, and the mechanisms are also discussed. In order to improve their electrochemical performance, several attempts have been conducted to produce TiO nanoarrays with morphologies and sizes that show tremendous promise for energy storage.

Non-coding RNAs and colitis-associated cancer: Mechanisms and clinical applications.

Background: Colitis-associated cancer (CAC) is one of the most severe complications of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which has caused a worse survival rate in IBD patients. Although the exact aetiology and pathogenesis of CAC are not completely elucidated, evidence indicates that non-coding RNAs are closely involved and play a key role.

Methods: This review aims to summarise the major findings of non-coding RNAs in the development of CAC and present the potential mechanistic links between non-coding RNAs and CAC pathogenesis.

Photocatalytic enantioselective Minisci reaction of β-carbolines and application to natural product synthesis.

A highly efficient enantioselective direct C-H functionalization of β-carbolines a Minisci-type radical process under a photo-redox and chiral phosphoric acid cooperative catalytic system has been disclosed. Through this protocol, a wide range of C1 aminoalkylated β-carbolines were constructed directly with high levels of enantioselectivities from readily available β-carbolines and alanine-derived redox-active esters. This transformation allows straightforward access to highly valuable enantioenriched β-carbolines, which are an intriguing structural motif in valuable natural products and synthetic bio-active compounds.

Symmetric and asymmetric overgrowth of a Ag shell onto gold nanorods assisted by Pt pre-deposition.

The plasmonic properties of noble metallic nanoparticles could be tuned by morphology and composition, enabling opportunities for applications in sensors, photocatalysis, biomedicine, and energy conversion. Here, we report a method of the symmetric and asymmetric overgrowth of a Ag shell onto gold nanorods assisted by Pt pre-deposition a 2-step approach. Firstly, gold nanorods (AuNRs), synthesized a seed-mediated method, were used as seeds to form a AuNR-Pt structure, by using KPtCl as the precursor.

What Is the Efficacy of Short Length of Biliopancreatic Limb in One-Anastomosis Gastric Bypass? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Short-Term Results.

Objective: To systematically review the efficacy of short length of biliopancreatic limb (BPL) in laparoscopic one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB).

Methods: By thoroughly investigating in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, each research containing the comparison between short BPL and 200-cm BPL was included, inception in July 2021. The research followed the guidance of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) recommendations.

Diagnostic value of capsule endoscopy and double-balloon enteroscopy in small bowel diseases.

Objective: To analyze the diagnostic value of capsule endoscopy (CE) and double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) in small bowel diseases.

Methods: The clinical data of 134 cases of CE and 109 cases of DBE examined in our gastroscopy room from January 2016 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The two groups of patients were compared as to disease diagnostic rate, examination time, examination tolerance, and incidence of adverse reactions.

Limonin ameliorates acute pancreatitis by suppressing JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the most common acute abdomen of digestive system and has the characteristics of dangerous condition and rapid development. Limonin has been confirmed to hold anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in various diseases. However, its potential beneficial effect on AP and the concrete mechanisms have never been revealed.

Surface-Induced Desolvation of Hydronium Ion Enables Anatase TiO as an Efficient Anode for Proton Batteries.

Hydrogen ion is an attractive charge carrier for energy storage due to its smallest radius. However, hydrogen ions usually exist in the form of hydronium ion (HO) because of its high dehydration energy; the choice of electrode materials is thus greatly limited to open frameworks and layered structures with large ionic channels. Here, the desolvation of HO is achieved by using anatase TiO as anodes, enabling the H intercalation with a strain-free characteristic.

Is Bariatric Surgery Effective for Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Body Mass Index < 35 kg/m? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Bariatric surgery has been applied for weight loss and comorbidity control in China since 2000. Recent studies have shown positive results for bariatric surgery in patients with a body mass index (BMI) of less than 35 kg/m. However, the effect of surgery on Chinese patients with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has not yet been systematically investigated.

Large modulation capacity in graphene-based slot modulators by enhanced hybrid plasmonic effects.

We present an effective scheme to improve the modulation capacity in graphene-based silicon modulator by employing the double slots configuration with hybrid plasmonic effects. Two modulators, i.e.

Balsam-pear-like rutile/anatase core/shell titania nanorod arrays for photoelectrochemical water splitting.

In this work, a solution combustion followed by dissolution in hydrogen peroxide is adopted to achieve a precursor for decorating anatase TiO nanosheets along single-crystalline rutile TiO nanorods, which achieves balsam-pear-like core/shell nanorod arrays with enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting. The enhanced photoelectrochemical performance is attributed to the novel nanoarchitecture, which can simultaneously offer a high surface area, enhanced light-harvesting, a rutile/anatase junction for charge carrier separation and a conductive pathway for charge carrier collection. The photoanode design can also give hints to other functional materials.