Deep learning model for automated diagnosis of moyamoya disease based on magnetic resonance angiography.

Background: This study explores the potential of the deep learning-based convolutional neural network (CNN) to automatically recognize MMD using MRA images from atherosclerotic disease (ASD) and normal control (NC).

Methods: In this retrospective study in China, 600 participants (200 MMD, 200 ASD and 200 NC) were collected from one institution as an internal dataset for training and 60 from another institution were collected as external testing set for validation. All participants were divided into training (N = 450) and validation sets (N = 90), internal testing set (N = 60), and external testing set (N = 60).

Dual inhibition of topoisomerase II and microtubule of podophyllotoxin derivative 5p overcomes cancer multidrug resistance.

Compound 5p is a 4β-N-substituted podophyllotoxin derivative, which exhibited potent activity toward drug-resistant K562/A02 cells and decreased MDR-1 mRNA expression. Here, we further investigated its detail mechanism and tested its antitumor activity. 5p exerted catalytic inhibition of topoisomerase IIα, and didn't show the inhibitor of topoisomerase I.

Novel pyridazinone derivatives bind to KSRP: Synthesis, anti-tumor biological evaluations and modelling insights.

Pyridazinone derivatives have been extensively used as anticancer agents. IMB5036 is a structure specific pyridazinone compound with potential antitumor activity via targeting KSRP protein which controls gene expression at multiple levels. In this study, fifteen IMB5036 analogues were synthesized and preliminary structure-activity relationships were explored.

PD-1 blockade enhances the effect of targeted chemotherapy on locally advanced pMMR/MSS colorectal cancer.

Background: Patients with DNA mismatch repair-proficient/microsatellite stable (pMMR/MSS) colorectal cancer (CRC), which accounts for 85% of all CRC cases, display a poor respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors (i.e., anti-PD-1 antibodies).

LncRNA KIFAP3-5:1 inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition of renal tubular cell through PRRX1 in diabetic nephropathy.

Long noncoding RNAs play an important role in several pathogenic processes in diabetic nephropathy, but the relationship with epithelial-mesenchymal transition in DN is unclear. Herein, we found that KIFAP3-5:1 expression was significantly down-regulated in DN plasma samples, db/db mouse kidney tissues and high glucose treated renal tubular epithelial cells compared to normal healthy samples and untreated cells. Overexpression of KIFAP3-5:1 improved renal fibrosis in db/db mice and rescued epithelial-mesenchymal transition of high glucose cultured renal tubular epithelial cells.

Quantifying the effect of ESG-related news on Chinese stock movements.

Current Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) rating systems encounter challenges due to their subjectivity, time lag, and inconsistent coverage, which present significant obstacles for investors in the stock market. In contrast, news reporting data, characterized by its objectivity, timeliness, publicity, and sociality, has been a crucial source of quality market information for investors. The potential of ESG-related news as a robust complement to the data sources used in existing ESG rating systems merits further exploration.

Predicting influenza with pandemic-awareness via Dynamic Virtual Graph Significance Networks.

Every year, influenza spreads worldwide and burdens people's health substantially. We need a reliable model to help hospitals, pharmaceutical companies, and governments better prepare for influenza outbreaks in a timely manner. However, the domain knowledge for such public health events, such as the variable influenza seasonality and occasional pandemics, poses significant challenges in predicting influenza outbreaks.

Potential risks, source apportionment, and health risk assessment of dissolved heavy metals in Zhoushan fishing ground, China.

Dissolved heavy metal pollution in the ocean is one of the most severe environmental concerns; however, the potential sources of heavy metals and the resulting health risks are not fully understood. To explore the distribution characteristics, source apportionment, and health risks of dissolved heavy metals (As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn) in the Zhoushan fishing ground, this study analyzed heavy metals in surface seawater during the wet and dry seasons. The concentrations of heavy metals varied greatly between seasons, and the mean concentration in the wet season was generally higher than that in the dry season.

Slice-specific tracking for free-breathing diffusion tensor cardiac MRI.

Background: Diffusion tensor cardiac magnetic resonance (DT-CMR) imaging has great potential to characterize myocardial microarchitecture. However, its accuracy is limited by respiratory and cardiac motion and long scan times. Here, we develop and evaluate a slice-specific tracking method to improve the efficiency and accuracy of DT-CMR acquisition during free breathing.

Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and the first occurrence of peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients.

Background: Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) has been used as a potential biomarker of inflammation-related diseases, but its role in the peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis (PDRP) is still uncertain. This study was aimed to investigate the association between PLR and the new-onset PDRP in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.

Methods: In this multicenter retrospective study, 1378 PD Chinese PD patients were recruited from four centers, who were divided into the high PLR group (HPG) and the low PLR group (LPG) according to the cutoff value of PLR.

Multiscale entropy and small-world network analysis in rs-fMRI - new tools to evaluate early basal ganglia dysfunction in diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Objective: The risk of falling increases in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) patients. As a central part, Basal ganglia play an important role in motor and balance control, but whether its involvement in DPN is unclear.

Methods: Ten patients with confirmed DPN, ten diabetes patients without DPN, and ten healthy age-matched controls(HC) were recruited to undergo magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) to assess brain structure and zone adaptability.

Graph Polish: A Novel Graph Generation Paradigm for Molecular Optimization.

Molecular optimization, which transforms a given input molecule X into another Y with desired properties, is essential in molecular drug discovery. The traditional approaches either suffer from sample-inefficient learning or ignore information that can be captured with the supervised learning of optimized molecule pairs. In this study, we present a novel molecular optimization paradigm, Graph Polish.

A Training Simulator for Fractional Dilation and Curettage With Visualized Force-Position Feedback and Quantitative Evaluation.

Background: Dilation and curettage (D&C) is a basic, but important procedure with many applications in obstetrics and gynecology. Fractional D&C provides comprehensive sampling of the endocervix and subsequently the uterus. This study designs and validates a novel fractional D&C training simulator visualizing the intrauterine operation in real time and quantitatively assessing technical skills.

Association of change in air quality with hospital admission for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Guangdong, China: A province-wide ecological study.

Aims: To assess possible effect of air quality improvements, we investigated the temporal change in hospital admissions for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) associated with pollutant concentrations.

Methods: We collected daily concentrations of particulate matter (i.e.

Association of hospital admission for bronchiectasis with air pollution: A province-wide time-series study in southern China.

The relation of acute fluctuations of air pollution to hospital admission for bronchiectasis remained uncertain, and large-scale studies were needed. We collected daily concentrations of particulate matter (PM), sulfur dioxide (SO), nitrogen dioxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O), and daily hospitalizations for bronchiectasis for 21 cities across Guangdong Province from 2013 through 2017. We examined their association using two-stage time-series analysis.

predicting and improving the probability of live birth for women undergoing frozen-thawed embryo transfer: a data-driven estimation and simulation model.

Background And Objective: Frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) is now widely used for the treatment of infertility. For many couples and clinicians, concerns over the probability and how to increase the chance of a successful birth are very common. Currently, there is not a single model to predict the live birth outcomes for FET.

Association of diurnal temperature range with daily hospitalization for exacerbation of chronic respiratory diseases in 21 cities, China.

Background: The association between diurnal temperature range (DTR) and hospitalization for exacerbation of chronic respiratory diseases (CRD) was rarely reported.

Objectives: To examine the association between DTR and daily hospital admissions for exacerbation of CRD and find out the potential effect of modifications on this association.

Method: Data on daily hospitalization for exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and bronchiectasis and meteorology measures from 2013 through 2017 were obtained from 21 cities in South China.

Chidamide based combination regimen for treatment of monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T cell lymphoma following radical operation: Two case reports.

Background: Monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T cell lymphoma (MEITL) is a rare extra-nodal T-cell lymphoma that has uniformly aggressive features with a poor prognosis. No standardized treatment protocols have been established. Previous experience has demonstrated favorable outcomes with combination chemotherapy followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant.

Transcranial direct current stimulation modulates the brain's response to foot stimuli under dual-task condition: A fMRI study in elderly adults.

Previous behavioral studies have shown that high-intensity cognitive tasks weaken balance control in elder adults. Moreover, age-related loss of plantar sensation is considered to be an important contributing factor to the occurrence of falls. Recently, we have realized that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can effectively improve the balance of the elderly under the dual-task, but its underlying regulatory mechanism is not clear.

Oxamate Enhances the Anti-Inflammatory and Insulin-Sensitizing Effects of Metformin in Diabetic Mice.

Metformin (MET) is the first-line drug for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, MET increases blood lactate levels in patients with T2DM. Lactate possesses proinflammatory properties and causes insulin resistance (IR).

Oxamate Improves Glycemic Control and Insulin Sensitivity via Inhibition of Tissue Lactate Production in db/db Mice.

Oxamate (OXA) is a pyruvate analogue that directly inhibits the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)-catalyzed conversion process of pyruvate into lactate. Earlier and recent studies have shown elevated blood lactate levels among insulin-resistant and type 2 diabetes subjects and that blood lactate levels independently predicted the development of incident diabetes. To explore the potential of OXA in the treatment of diabetes, db/db mice were treated with OXA in vivo.

Modeling the feedback between aerosol and boundary layer processes: a case study in Beijing, China.

Rapid development has led to frequent haze in Beijing. With mountains and sea surrounding Beijing, the pollution is found to be influenced by the mountain-plain breeze and sea-land breeze in complex ways. Meanwhile, the presence of aerosols may affect the surface energy balance and impact these boundary layer (BL) processes.