Mesoporous Prussian blue nanoparticle neuroconduit for the biological therapy targeting oxidative stress reduction, inflammation inhibition, and nerve regeneration.

The applications of nanomaterials in regenerative medicine encompass a broad spectrum. The functional nanomaterials, such as Prussian blue and its derivative nanoparticles, exhibit potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. By combining it with the corresponding scaffold carrier, the fusion of nanomaterials and biotherapy can be achieved, thereby providing a potential avenue for clinical treatment.

β-Catenin mediated TAM phenotype promotes pancreatic cancer metastasis via the OSM/STAT3/LOXL2 axis.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by its aggressive nature and dismal prognosis, largely attributed to its unique tumor microenvironment. However, the molecular mechanisms by which tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) promote PDAC progression, particularly the role of β-catenin signaling in regulating TAM phenotype and function, remain incompletely understood. Initially, we performed comprehensive analyses of RNA-seq and single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) datasets to investigate OSM and LOXL2 expression patterns in PDAC.

Heterogeneous graph contrastive learning with gradient balance for drug repositioning.

Drug repositioning, which involves identifying new therapeutic indications for approved drugs, is pivotal in accelerating drug discovery. Recently, to mitigate the effect of label sparsity on inferring potential drug-disease associations (DDAs), graph contrastive learning (GCL) has emerged as a promising paradigm to supplement high-quality self-supervised signals through designing auxiliary tasks, then transfer shareable knowledge to main task, i.e.

LCDL: Classification of ICD codes based on disease label co-occurrence dependency and LongFormer with medical knowledge.

Medical coding involves assigning codes to clinical free-text documents, specifically medical records that average over 3,000 markers, in order to track patient diagnoses and treatments. This is typically accomplished through manual assignments by healthcare professionals. To improve efficiency and accuracy while reducing the workload on these professionals, researchers have employed a multi-label classification approach.

Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy: Ideal and reality.

Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemoperfusion (HIPEC) is a new adjuvant therapy for the treatment of abdominal malignant tumors and metastases, which has shown great potential. The HIPEC technique can effectively kill residual lesions in the abdominal cavity through the synergistic sensitization effect of thermal chemotherapy and the circulating perfusion and washing effect of large volume perfusion fluid, thereby reducing the occurrence of malignant ascites and reducing the risk of postoperative recurrence and metastasis. However, there are still many problems in the practical operation of HIPEC, such as non-uniform distribution of perfusate temperature, inadequate perfusion due to the presence of 'dead space', incomplete cytoreductive surgery (CRS), instances of catheter obstruction during perfusate circulation, the lack of a uniform standard for selecting appropriate HIPEC techniques, occupational exposure of medical personnel during the HIPEC procedure, and the selection of HIPEC chemotherapy regimens for patients with various types of tumors.

Motion-induced phase shift for dynamic structured light measurement.

Structured light 3D shape measurement is extensively utilized in semiconductor inspection, smart manufacturing, and biomedical imaging due to its rapid measurement speed, high precision, and versatile applicability to different objects. However, the traditional implementations of this method often require that the object remains static while recording the phase-shifting structured light images, which limits the adaptability of dynamic measurement. Here, we propose a dynamic 3D shape measurement using structured light based on a motion-induced phase shift (MIPS).

Influenza A virus-induced glycolysis facilitates virus replication by activating ROS/HIF-1α pathway.

As a highly contagious acute respiratory disease, influenza A virus (A/WSN/1933) poses a huge threat to human health and public health. influenza A virus proliferation relies on glucose metabolism in host cells, yet the effects of influenza A virus on glucose metabolism and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we created models of WSN virus-infected mice and A549 cells, along with analyzing metabolomics and transcriptomics data, to investigate how WSN virus infection affects host cell glucose metabolism and specific mechanisms.

Exposure to radon and ambient particle radioactivity during pregnancy and adverse maternal, fetal and perinatal outcomes: The current literature and potential mechanisms.

Radon is a colorless, odorless radioactive gas that is naturally occurring in the environment, originating from the decay of uranium that exists in the earth's crust. In addition to lung cancer, radon exposure has recently been associated with hypertension and cardiovascular disease. However, little consideration has been given to radon exposure during pregnancy, even though pregnant people are a more vulnerable population and ionizing radiation is a known risk factor for adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.

DACG: Dual Attention and Context Guidance model for radiology report generation.

Medical images are an essential basis for radiologists to write radiology reports and greatly help subsequent clinical treatment. The task of generating automatic radiology reports aims to alleviate the burden of clinical doctors writing reports and has received increasing attention this year, becoming an important research hotspot. However, there are severe issues of visual and textual data bias and long text generation in the medical field.

Dielectric Barrier Discharge Cold Plasma Improves Storage Stability in Paddy Rice by Activating the Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis Pathway.

A nonthermal pretreatment using dielectric barrier discharge cold plasma (DBD-CP) was developed to improve the stress resistance of paddy rice during postharvest storage. The physicochemical properties, bioactive characteristics, and secondary metabolites of paddy rice were assessed after applying an optimized DBD-CP procedure, with enzyme activities and gene expression monitored over a 60 day storage period at 35 °C. A 17.

Warm Arctic-Cold Eurasia pattern helps predict spring wildfire burned area in West Siberia.

Extreme wildfires have devastating impacts on multiple fronts, and associated carbon greatly heats the earth's climate. Whether and how to predict wildfires becomes a critical question. In this study, we find that the preceding-winter "warm Arctic-cold Eurasia" (WACE) pattern significantly enlarges the spring burned area in West Siberia.

The yeast Dothiora sorbi IOJ-3 naturally produced various filamentous sectors with distinct abilities by undergoing DNA demethylation.

Some fungi have demonstrated the ability to adapt rapidly to changing environments by exhibiting morphological plasticity, a trait influenced by species and environmental factors. Here, an anamorphic yeast strain IOJ-3 exhibited unique sectorization characteristics, naturally producing diverse filamentous sectors when cultivated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium or natural culture medium for durations exceeding 13 days. The strain IOJ-3 and its filamentous sectors were identified as Dothiora sorbi.

Urban and rural disparities in general hospital accessibility within a Chinese metropolis.

Accessibility is one of the crucial criteria for measuring the ease of access to public services in a region. Given China's historical rural-urban dualism and rapid urbanization process, there exist significant disparities in public services within metropolises. This study selects Nanjing as a representative metropolis and employs the Gaussian two-step floating catchment area method and an improved potential model to calculate the accessibility of comprehensive hospitals.

Mechanical properties of aeolian sand cemented via microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP).

The cementation of desert aeolian sand is a key method to control land desertification and dust storms, so an economical, green and durable process to reach the binding between sand grains needs to be searched. The method based on the microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) appeared in recent years as a promising process that proved its efficiency. The feasibility of the MICP technique to treat aeolian sand composed by low clay content, fine particles, low water content and characterized by weak permeability was demonstrated in the present paper.

Polyethyleneimine Modified Two-Dimensional GO/MXene Composite Membranes with Enhanced Mg/Li Separation Performance for Salt Lake Brine.

As global demand for renewable energy and electric vehicles increases, the need for lithium has surged significantly. Extracting lithium from salt lake brine has become a cutting-edge technology in lithium resource production. In this study, two-dimensional (2D) GO/MXene composite membranes were fabricated using pressure-assisted filtration with a polyethyleneimine (PEI) coating, resulting in positively charged PEI-GO/MXene membranes.

MGRN: toward robust drug recommendation via multi-view gating retrieval network.

Motivation: Drug recommendation aims to allocate safe and effective drug combinations based on the patient's health status from electronic health records, which is crucial to assist clinical physicians in making decisions. However, the existing drug recommendation works face two key challenges: (i) difficulty in fully representing the patient's health status leads to biased drug representation; (ii) only focusing on diagnostic representations of multiple visits, neglecting the modeling of patient drug history.

Results: To address the above limitations, we propose a multi-view gating retrieval network (MGRN) for robust drug recommendation.

Rifaximin ameliorates influenza A virus infection-induced lung barrier damage by regulating gut microbiota.

Prior research has indicated that the gut-lung-axis can be influenced by the intestinal microbiota, thereby impacting lung immunity. Rifaximin is a broad-spectrum antibacterial drug that can maintain the homeostasis of intestinal microflora. In this study, we established an influenza A virus (IAV)-infected mice model with or without rifaximin supplementation to investigate whether rifaximin could ameliorate lung injury induced by IAV and explore the molecular mechanism involved.

CASIN exerts anti-aging effects through RPL4 on the skin of naturally aging mice.

Skin aging has been associated with the onset of various skin issues, and recent studies have identified an increase in Cdc42 activity in naturally aging mice. While previous literature has suggested that CASIN, a specific inhibitor of Cdc42 activity, may possess anti-aging properties, its specific effects on the epidermis and dermis, as well as the underlying mechanisms in naturally aging mice, remain unclear. Our study revealed that CASIN demonstrated the ability to increase epidermal and dermal thickness, enhance dermal-epidermal junction, and stimulate collagen and elastic fiber synthesis in 9-, 15-, and 24-month-old C57BL/6 mice in vivo.

Unveiling the contribution of tumor-associated macrophages in driving epithelial-mesenchymal transition: a review of mechanisms and therapeutic Strategies.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), fundamental constituents of the tumor microenvironment (TME), significantly influence cancer development, primarily by promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT endows cancer cells with increased motility, invasiveness, and resistance to therapies, marking a pivotal juncture in cancer progression. The review begins with a detailed exposition on the origins of TAMs and their functional heterogeneity, providing a foundational understanding of TAM characteristics.

A Graded Redox Interfacial Modifier for High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells.

Perovskite solar cells have emerged as a potential competitor to the silicon photovoltaic technology. The most representative perovskite cells employ SnO and spiro-OMeTAD as the charge-transport materials. Despite their high efficiencies, perovskite cells with such a configuration show unsatisfactory lifespan, normally attributed to the instability of perovskites and spiro-OMeTAD.

Initial dosage optimization of olanzapine in patients with bipolar disorder based on model-informed precision dosing: a study from the real world.

Objectives: Olanzapine is used for treating bipolar disorder (BPD); however, the optimal initial dosing regimen is unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the optimal olanzapine initial dosage in patients with BPD via model-informed precision dosing (MIPD) based on a real-world study.

Methods: Thirty-nine patients with BPD from the real-world study were collected to construct the MIPD model.

Association of Urinary Cadmium Concentration With Cognitive Impairment in US Adults: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Background And Objectives: Studies have indicated that cadmium (Cd) exposure is associated with neurotoxicity. However, data linking Cd exposure to cognitive impairment are sparse. We aimed to investigate the association between urinary Cd concentration and cognitive impairment in US adults.

Effects of H9N2 avian influenza virus infection on metabolite content and gene expression in chick DF1 cells.

After viral infection, the virus relies on the host cell's complex metabolic and biosynthetic machinery for replication. However, the impact of avian influenza virus (AIV) on metabolites and gene expression in poultry cells remains unclear. To investigate this, we infected chicken embryo fibroblasts DF1 cells with H9N2 AIV at an MOI of 3.

Host-specific SRSF7 regulates polymerase activity and replication of influenza A virus.

Avian influenza viruses crossing the host barrier to infect humans have caused great panic in human society and seriously threatened public health. Herein, we revealed that knockdown of SRSF7 significantly down-regulated influenza virus titers and viral protein expression. We further observed for the first time that human SRSF7, but not avian SRSF7, significantly inhibited polymerase activity (PB2E).