Enlarging moment and regulating orientation of buried interfacial dipole for efficient inverted perovskite solar cells.

Carrier transport and recombination at the buried interface of perovskite have seriously restricted the further development of inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, an interfacial dipolar chemical bridge strategy to address this issue is presented. 2-(Diphenylphosphino) acetic acid (2DPAA) is selected as the linker to reconstruct the interfacial dipole, which effectively enlarges the interfacial dipole moment to 5.

Engineering NiSe/CoSe heterojunction for enhanced bifunctional Catalysis in Urea-Assisted hydrogen production.

Coupling the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) with the urea oxidation reaction (UOR) represents a highly promising energy-saving strategy for hydrogen production. However, the development of cost-effective and high-performance bifunctional electrocatalysts remains a challenge. In this study, a NiSe/CoSe heterojunction was constructed via electrodeposition, leveraging interfacial synergy to significantly enhance catalytic performance.

25.91%-Efficiency and Durable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells Enabled by a Multifunctional Molecule Mediated Precursor Engineering.

The stability of the precursor is essential for producing high-quality perovskite films with minimal non-radiative recombination. In this study, methionine sulfoxide (MTSO), which features multiple electron-donation sites, is strategically chosen as a precursor stabilizer and crystal growth mediator for inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). MTSO stabilizes the precursor by inhibiting the oxidation of iodide ions and passivates charged traps through coordination and hydrogen bonding interactions.

Effect of exercise during pregnancy on offspring development through ameliorating high glucose and hypoxia in gestational diabetes mellitus.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) women require prenatal care to minimize short- and long-term complications. The mechanism by which exercise during pregnancy affects organ development and whether glucose transporter (GLUT) 1 plays a role in GDM offspring organ development remains unknown.

Aim: To determine the effect of exercise during pregnancy on the cardiac, hepatic and renal development of GDM mother's offspring.

Modulation of Local Field Potentials in the Deep Brain of Minipigs Through Transcranial Temporal Interference Stimulation.

Objectives: Transcranial temporal interference stimulation (tTIS) is a novel, noninvasive neuromodulation technique to modulate deep brain neural activity. Despite its potential, direct electrophysiological evidence of tTIS effects remains limited. This study investigates the impact of tTIS on local field potentials (LFPs) in the deep brain using minipigs implanted with deep brain electrodes.

Ubiquitination regulates autophagy in cancer: simple modifications, promising targets.

Autophagy is an important lysosomal degradation process that digests and recycles bio-molecules, protein or lipid aggregates, organelles, and invaded pathogens. Autophagy plays crucial roles in regulation of metabolic and oxidative stress and multiple pathological processes. In cancer, the role of autophagy is dual and paradoxical.

The Impact of Blood Pressure Rhythm and Perioperative Blood Pressure Variability on Short-Term Prognosis in Patients with Type A Aortic Dissection.

Previous studies have indicated a strong correlation between disturbances in blood pressure (BP) circadian rhythm and major cardiovascular adverse events. Similarly, blood pressure variability (BPV) has been closely linked to cerebral small vessel disease and leukoaraiosis. This study aims to investigate the relationship between BP rhythm and BPV with the short-term prognosis of patients with Type A aortic dissection, offering insights for targeted perioperative nursing interventions and improving patient outcomes.

The Pathogenic Role of Anti-Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Autoantibodies in the Nocardiosis with the Central Nervous System Involvement.

Purpose: Anti-granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor autoantibodies (anti-GM-CSF Abs) are implicated in the pathogenesis of Cryptococcus gattii (C. gattii) infection and pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP). Their presence has also been noted in nocardiosis cases, particularly those with disseminated disease.

A Rapid Nanofocusing Method for a Deep-Sea Gene Sequencing Microscope Based on Critical Illumination.

In the deep-sea environment, the volume available for an in-situ gene sequencer is severely limited. In addition, optical imaging systems are subject to real-time, large-scale defocusing problems caused by ambient temperature fluctuations and vibrational perturbations. To address these challenges, we propose an edge detection algorithm for defocused images based on grayscale gradients and establish a defocus state detection model with nanometer resolution capabilities by relying on the inherent critical illumination light field.

Degradation of carbamazepine by the UVA-LED/ClO/NaClO process: Kinetics, mechanisms and DBPs yield.

A mixed oxidant of chlorine dioxide (ClO) and NaClO was often used in water treatment. A novel UVA-LED (365 nm)-activated mixed ClO/NaClO process was proposed for the degradation of micropollutants in this study. Carbamazepine (CBZ) was selected as the target pollutant.

A prospective cohort study of multimetal exposure and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus.

The relationship between co-exposure to multiple metals and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. In this nested case-control study, 228 GDM cases and 456 matched controls were recruited, and biological samples were collected at 12-14 gestational weeks. The urinary concentrations of 10 metals and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) as well as the serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) were determined to assess the association of metals with GDM risk and the mediating effects of oxidative stress.

Spontaneous-stimulated Raman co-localization dual-modal analysis approach for efficient identification of tumor cells.

The study of highly heterogeneous tumor cells, especially acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells, usually relies on invasive analytical methods such as morphology, immunology, cytogenetics, and molecular biology classification, which are complex and time-consuming to perform. Mortality is high if patients are not diagnosed in a timely manner, so rapid label-free analysis of gene expression and metabolites within single-cell substructures is extremely important for clinical diagnosis and treatment. As a label-free and non-destructive vibrational detection technique, spontaneous Raman scattering provides molecular information across the full spectrum of the cell but lacks rapid imaging localization capabilities.

Low-Temperature and High-Efficiency Solid-Phase Amplification Based on Formamide.

The thermal stability of DNA immobilized on a solid surface is one of the factors that affects the efficiency of solid-phase amplification (SP-PCR). Although variable temperature amplification ensures high specificity of the reaction by precisely controlling temperature changes, excessively high temperatures during denaturation can negatively affect DNA stability. Formamide (FA) enables DNA denaturation at lower temperatures, showing potential for SP-PCR.

Label-Free Identification of AML1-ETO Positive Acute Myeloid Leukemia Using Single-Cell Raman Spectroscopy.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant hematological tumor disease. Chromosomal abnormality is an independent prognostic factor in AML. AML with t(8:21) (q22; q22)/AML1-ETO (AE) is an independent disease group.

A Microfluidic Chip for Single-Cell Capture Based on Stagnation Point Flow and Boundary Effects.

The capture of individual cells using microfluidic chips represents a widely adopted and efficient approach for investigating the biochemical microenvironment of singular cells. While conventional methods reliant on boundary effects pose challenges in precisely manipulating individual cells, single-cell capture grounded in the principle of stagnation point flow offers a solution to this limitation. Nevertheless, such capture mechanisms encounter inconsistency due to the instability of the flow field and stagnation point.

Removal of electrical stimulus artifact in local field potential recorded from subthalamic nucleus by using manifold denoising.

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective treatment for movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD). However, local field potentials (LFPs) recorded through lead externalization during high-frequency stimulation (HFS) are contaminated by stimulus artifacts, which require to be removed before further analysis.

New Method: In this study, a novel stimulus artifact removal algorithm based on manifold denoising, termed Shrinkage and Manifold-based Artifact Removal using Template Adaptation (SMARTA), was proposed to remove artifacts by deriving a template for each stimulus artifact and subtracting it from the signal.

Tailored Succinic Acid-Derived Molecular Structures toward 25.41%-Efficiency and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells.

Minimizing interfacial charged traps in perovskite films is crucial for reducing the non-radiative recombination and improving device performance. In this study, succinic acid (SA) derivatives varying active sites and spatial configurations are designed to modulate defects and crystallization in perovskite film. The SA derivative with two symmetric Br atoms, dibromosuccinic acid (DBSA), exhibits the optimal spatial arrangement for defect passivation.

A fully automated Lab-on-a-Disc platform integrated a high-speed triggered siphon valve for PBMCs extraction.

Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) are isolated from peripheral blood and identified as any blood cell with a round nucleus that exhibits immune responses and undergoes immunophenotypic changes upon exposure to various pathophysiological stimuli. Obtaining high-recovery and clinical-grade PBMCs without decreasing cell viability and causing stress is crucial for disease diagnosis and successful immunotherapy. However, traditional manual PBMCs extraction methods rely on manual intervention with less recovery rate and reliability.

Design of a Metasurface with Long Depth of Focus Using Superoscillation.

Longitudinal optical field modulation is very important for applications such as optical imaging, spectroscopy, and optical manipulation. It can achieve high-resolution imaging or manipulation of the target object, but it is also limited by its depth of focus. The depth of focus determines whether the target object can be clearly imaged or manipulated at different distances, so extending the depth of focus can improve the adaptability and flexibility of the system.

Double-Glued Multi-Focal Bionic Compound Eye Camera.

Compound eye cameras are a vital component of bionics. Compound eye lenses are currently used in light field cameras, monitoring imaging, medical endoscopes, and other fields. However, the resolution of the compound eye lens is still low at the moment, which has an impact on the application scene.

The downregulation of miR-509-3p expression by collagen type XI alpha 1-regulated hypermethylation facilitates cancer progression and chemoresistance via the DNA methyltransferase 1/Small ubiquitin-like modifier-3 axis in ovarian cancer cells.

Background: MicroRNAs are a group of small non-coding RNAs that are involved in development and diseases such as cancer. Previously, we demonstrated that miR-335 is crucial for preventing collagen type XI alpha 1 (COL11A1)-mediated epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) progression and chemoresistance. Here, we examined the role of miR-509-3p in EOC.