Improving the simulation accuracy of summer maize growth and yield by pixel-based parameterization based on assimilating upscaled MODIS LAI.

Accurately simulating maize (Zea mays L.) yield at the regional scale is of paramount importance for making informed policy adjustments and for ensuring food security. Sobol sensitivity analysis was used in this study to screen sensitive parameters of a process-based crop model (Chinese Agricultural Meteorological Model, CAMM).

Arctic amplification-induced decline in West and South Asia dust warrants stronger antidesertification toward carbon neutrality.

Dust loading in West and South Asia has been a major environmental issue due to its negative effects on air quality, food security, energy supply and public health, as well as on regional and global weather and climate. Yet a robust understanding of its recent changes and future projection remains unclear. On the basis of several high-quality remote sensing products, we detect a consistently decreasing trend of dust loading in West and South Asia over the last two decades.

Large-scale climate patterns offer preseasonal hints on the co-occurrence of heat wave and O pollution in China.

Heat waves and air pollution extremes exert compounding effects on human health and food security and may worsen under future climate change. On the basis of reconstructed daily O levels in China and meteorological reanalysis, we found that the interannual variability of the frequency of summertime co-occurrence of heat wave and O pollution in China is regulated mainly by a combination of springtime warming in the western Pacific Ocean, western Indian Ocean, and Ross Sea. These sea surface temperature anomalies impose influences on precipitation, radiation, etc.

Distinctive South and East Asian monsoon circulation responses to global warming.

The Asian summer monsoon (ASM) is the most energetic circulation system. Projecting its future change is critical for the mitigation and adaptation of billions of people living in the region. There are two important components within the ASM: South Asian summer monsoon (SASM) and East Asian summer monsoon (EASM).

Rutaecarpine ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced BEAS-2B cell injury through inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress via activation of the AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway.

Rutaecarpine (RUT) is an alkaloid isolated from , which has been reported to protect against several inflammatory diseases. However, to the best of our knowledge, the role of RUT in acute lung injury (ALI) and the specific molecular mechanism remain unknown. In the present study, an model of ALI was established in BEAS-2B cells by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration.

Enhanced jet stream waviness induced by suppressed tropical Pacific convection during boreal summer.

Consensus on the cause of recent midlatitude circulation changes toward a wavier manner in the Northern Hemisphere has not been reached, albeit a number of studies collectively suggest that this phenomenon is driven by global warming and associated Arctic amplification. Here, through a fingerprint analysis of various global simulations and a tropical heating-imposed experiment, we suggest that the suppression of tropical convection along the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone induced by sea surface temperature (SST) cooling trends over the tropical Eastern Pacific contributed to the increased summertime midlatitude waviness in the past 40 years through the generation of a Rossby-wave-train propagating within the jet waveguide and the reduced north-south temperature gradient. This perspective indicates less of an influence from the Arctic amplification on the observed mid-latitude wave amplification than what was previously estimated.

Understanding human influence on climate change in China.

China's climate has been warming since the 1950s, with surface air temperature increasing at a rate higher than the global average. Changes in climate have exerted substantial impacts on water resources, agriculture, ecosystems and human health. Attributing past changes to causes provides a scientific foundation for national and international climate policies.

The Record-breaking Mei-yu in 2020 and Associated Atmospheric Circulation and Tropical SST Anomalies.

The record-breaking mei-yu in the Yangtze-Huaihe River valley (YHRV) in 2020 was characterized by an early onset, a delayed retreat, a long duration, a wide meridional rainbelt, abundant precipitation, and frequent heavy rainstorm processes. It is noted that the East Asian monsoon circulation system presented a significant quasi-biweekly oscillation (QBWO) during the mei-yu season of 2020 that was associated with the onset and retreat of mei-yu, a northward shift and stagnation of the rainbelt, and the occurrence and persistence of heavy rainstorm processes. Correspondingly, during the mei-yu season, the monsoon circulation subsystems, including the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH), the upper-level East Asian westerly jet, and the low-level southwesterly jet, experienced periodic oscillations linked with the QBWO.

On the connection between interannual variations of winter haze frequency over Beijing and different ENSO flavors.

This study investigated the connection between interannual variations in winter haze frequency over Beijing and different flavors of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The results showed that the haze frequency was highest during eastern-Pacific (EP) El Niño winters and lowest during EP La Niña winters. No below-normal winter haze frequency years were observed during EP El Niño winters, and no above-normal years were observed during EP La Niña winters.

Drivers of improved PM air quality in China from 2013 to 2017.

From 2013 to 2017, with the implementation of the toughest-ever clean air policy in China, significant declines in fine particle (PM) concentrations occurred nationwide. Here we estimate the drivers of the improved PM air quality and the associated health benefits in China from 2013 to 2017 based on a measure-specific integrated evaluation approach, which combines a bottom-up emission inventory, a chemical transport model, and epidemiological exposure-response functions. The estimated national population-weighted annual mean PM concentrations decreased from 61.

Secular decrease of wind power potential in India associated with warming in the Indian Ocean.

The Indian government has set an ambitious target for future renewable power generation, including 60 GW of cumulative wind power capacity by 2022. However, the benefits of these substantial investments are vulnerable to the changing climate. On the basis of hourly wind data from an assimilated meteorology reanalysis dataset covering the 1980-2016 period, we show that wind power potential may have declined secularly over this interval, particularly in western India.

Nimotuzumab enhances radiation sensitivity of NSCLC H292 cells in vitro by blocking epidermal growth factor receptor nuclear translocation and inhibiting radiation-induced DNA damage repair.

Background: The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway plays a significant role in radiation resistance. There is evidence that EGFR nuclear translocation is associated with DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) repair. Nimotuzumab has shown the effect of radiosensitization in various cancer cells, but little is known about the relationship between nimotuzumab and EGFR nuclear translocation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines.

The impacts of climate change on water resources and agriculture in China.

China is the world's most populous country and a major emitter of greenhouse gases. Consequently, much research has focused on China's influence on climate change but somewhat less has been written about the impact of climate change on China. China experienced explosive economic growth in recent decades, but with only 7% of the world's arable land available to feed 22% of the world's population, China's economy may be vulnerable to climate change itself.