Ataxia telangiectasia mutated: The potential negative regulator in platelet-derived growth factor-BB promoted proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells.

Objective: To study the role of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) in the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-induced proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) through reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation.

Methods: Primary cultures of PASMCs were treated with different concentrations of PDGF-BB or exogenous hydrogen peroxide (HO). The activation level of ATM and the proliferation level of PASMCs were measured by immunofluorescence staining and Cell Counting Kit-8, respectively.

Foreign body aspiration as a cause of cryptogenic hemoptysis in a child: A case report.

Rationale: Hemoptysis is rare but potentially life-threatening condition in children. The most common cause of pediatric hemoptysis is lower respiratory tract infections. Sometimes foreign body aspiration may result in hemoptysis too.

Hydroa vacciniforme-like cutaneous T-cell lymphoma in a child: A case report.

Rationale: Hydroa vacciniforme (HV)-like T-cell lymphoma is a rare malignancy in childhood associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection.

Patient Concerns: A 6-year old girl presented with complaint of 3-year history of recurrent skin lesions, 3 months of fever accompanied by cough for 8 days.

Diagnoses: Skin biopsy revealed a HV-like lymphoma presentation and positive signals of EBER were detected by in situ hybridization.

Childhood recurrent pneumonia caused by endobronchial sutures: A case report.

Background: Recurrent pneumonia is defined as more than two episodes of pneumonia in one year or three or more episodes anytime in life. Common clinical scenarios leading to recurrent pneumonia include anatomical abnormalities of respiratory tract, immunodeficiency, congenital heart diseases, primary ciliary dyskinesia, etc.

Case Report: A school-aged girl suffered from 1-2 episodes of pneumonia each year after trachea connection and lung repair operation resulted from an accident of car crash.