Quantitative transport mapping estimated blood flow velocity is more sensitive to the perfusion change in Alzheimer's disease than the conventional cerebral blood flow, estimated from multiple delay arterial spin labeling.

Background: Quantitative transport mapping (QTM) has been developed for estimation of blood flow velocity with 4D dynamic tracer concentration data (Zhou et. al., Magn.

Multidimensional Directionality-Enhanced Segmentation via large vision model.

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) facilitates a comprehensive examination of macular edema and associated lesions. Manual delineation of retinal fluid is labor-intensive and error-prone, necessitating an automated diagnostic and therapeutic planning mechanism. Conventional supervised learning models are hindered by dataset limitations, while Transformer-based large vision models exhibit challenges in medical image segmentation, particularly in detecting small, subtle lesions in OCT images.

Large-scale structural covariance networks changes relate to executive function deficit in betel quid-dependent chewers.

Previous studies demonstrate deficits in executive function for betel quid-dependent (BQD) patients. Large-scale structural covariance network (SCN) based on gray matter (GM) morphometry may be able to explore the neural mechanism of executive dysfunction in BQD individuals. This study aims to identify spatial covariance patterns of GM volume and to investigate their association with executive dysfunction in BQD individuals.

Surface acoustic wave platform integrated with ultraviolet activated rGO-SnS nanocomposites to achieve ppb-level dimethyl methylphosphonate detection at room-temperature.

Dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) is commonly used as an alternative for demonstrating to detect sarin, which is one of the most toxic but odorless chemical nerve agents. Among various types of DMMP sensors, those utilizing surface acoustic wave (SAW) technology provide notable advantages such as wireless/passive monitoring, digital output, and a compact, portable design. However, key challenges for SAW-based DMMP sensors operated at room temperature lies in simultaneous enhancement of sensitivities and reduction of detection limits.

Monitoring Gene Sequences of Using a Love-Mode Surface Acoustic Wave Biosensor Coated with Cellulose Acetate/Polyethylenimine Nanofibers and Au Nanoparticles.

Love-mode surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors show great promise for biodetection applications owing to their low cost, digital output, and wireless passive capability, but their performance is often restricted by the availability of suitable sensitive membrane layers. Herein, a composite layer of electrospun fibers made from cellulose acetate and polyethylenimine, coated with gold nanoparticles, is proposed as a porous and sensitive membrane coated onto a love-mode SAW biosensor for monitoring gene sequences of . The results showed that the developed sensor exhibited an impressive sensitivity of 122.

Genetically predicted frailty index and risk of chronic kidney disease.

Previous findings have reported the association between frailty and chronic kidney disease. However, the causality remains ambiguous. This study aimed to determine whether frailty index is causally associated with chronic kidney disease.

Controlling bacterial growth and inactivation using thin film-based surface acoustic waves.

Formation of bacterial films on structural surfaces often leads to severe contamination of medical devices, hospital equipment, implant materials, , and antimicrobial resistance of microorganisms has indeed become a global health issue. Therefore, effective therapies for controlling infectious and pathogenic bacteria are urgently needed. Being a promising active method for this purpose, surface acoustic waves (SAWs) have merits such as nanoscale earthquake-like vibration/agitation/radiation, acoustic streaming induced circulations, and localised acoustic heating effect in liquids.

Targeting TANK-binding kinase 1 attenuates painful diabetic neuropathy via inhibiting microglia pyroptosis.

Background: Painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) is closely linked to inflammation, which has been demonstrated to be associated with pyroptosis. Emerging evidence has implicated TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) in various inflammatory diseases. However, it remains unknown whether activated TBK1 causes hyperalgesia via pyroptosis.

Quantitative transport mapping of multi-delay arterial spin labeling MRI detects early blood perfusion alterations in Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Quantitative transport mapping (QTM) of blood velocity, based on the transport equation has been demonstrated higher accuracy and sensitivity of perfusion quantification than the traditional Kety's method-based cerebral blood flow (CBF). This study aimed to investigate the associations between QTM velocity and cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease (AD) using multiple post-labeling delay arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI.

Methods: A total of 128 subjects (21 normal controls (NC), 80 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 27 AD) were recruited prospectively.

Achieving consistency of flexible surface acoustic wave sensors with artificial intelligence.

Flexible surface acoustic wave technology has garnered significant attention for wearable electronics and sensing applications. However, the mechanical strains induced by random deformation of these flexible SAWs during sensing often significantly alter the specific sensing signals, causing critical issues such as inconsistency of the sensing results on a curved/flexible surface. To address this challenge, we first developed high-performance AlScN piezoelectric film-based flexible SAW sensors, investigated their response characteristics both theoretically and experimentally under various bending strains and UV illumination conditions, and achieved a high UV sensitivity of 1.

Design, synthesis, and anti-oomycete activity of 3-acyloxymaltol/ethyl maltol derivatives.

Twenty 3-acyloxymaltol/ethyl maltol derivatives ( and ) were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-oomycete activity against , respectively. Among all of twenty derivatives, more than half of the compounds , , and had anti-oomycete activity higher than the positive control zoxamide (EC = 22.23 mg/L), and the EC values of 18.

Ultrasound-Triggered Piezoelectric Catalysis of Zinc Oxide@Glucose Derived Carbon Spheres for the Treatment of MRSA Infected Osteomyelitis.

Currently, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-induced osteomyelitis is a clinically life-threatening disease, however, long-term antibiotic treatment can lead to bacterial resistance, posing a huge challenge to treatment and public health. In this study, glucose-derived carbon spheres loaded with zinc oxide (ZnO@HTCS) are successfully constructed. This composite demonstrates the robust ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) under ultrasound (US) irradiation, eradicating 99.

Hepatic artery diameter predicts bleeding risk after gastroesophageal varices treatment: a contrast-enhanced CT study.

Objective: Portal hypertension leads to hepatic artery dilatation and a higher risk of bleeding. We tried to identify the bleeding risk after gastroesophageal varices (GOV) treatment using hepatic artery diameter of contrast-enhanced CT.

Methods: Retrospective retrieval of 258 patients with cirrhosis who underwent contrast-enhanced CT from January 2022 to May 2023 and endoscopy within one month thereafter at Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University.

Quantitative transport mapping of multi-delay arterial spin labeling MRI detects early blood perfusion alteration in Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Quantitative transport mapping (QTM) of blood velocity, based on the transport equation has been demonstrated higher accuracy and sensitivity of perfusion quantification than the traditional Kety's method-based blood flow (Kety flow). This study aimed to investigate the associations between QTM velocity and cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease (AD) using multiple post-labeling delay arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI.

Methods: A total of 128 subjects (21 normal controls (NC), 80 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 27 AD) were recruited prospectively.

SASAN: Spectrum-Axial Spatial Approach Networks for Medical Image Segmentation.

Ophthalmic diseases such as central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) significantly impair the vision of millions of people globally. Precise segmentation of choroid and macular edema is critical for diagnosing and treating these conditions. However, existing 3D medical image segmentation methods often fall short due to the heterogeneous nature and blurry features of these conditions, compounded by medical image clarity issues and noise interference arising from equipment and environmental limitations.

Dynamic monitoring of radiation-induced white matter microstructure injury in nasopharyngeal carcinoma via high-angular resolution diffusion imaging.

Purpose: To investigate white matter microstructural abnormalities caused by radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients using MRI high-angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI).

Methods: We included 127 patients with pathologically confirmed NPC: 36 in the pre-radiotherapy group, 29 in the acute response period (post-RT-AP), 23 in the early delayed period (post-RT-ED) group, and 39 in the late-delayed period (post-RT-LD) group. HARDI data were acquired for each patient, and dispersion parameters were calculated to compare the differences in specific fibre bundles among the groups.

Characterizing Typhoon-related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Based on Multimodal Fusion of Structural, Diffusion, and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Diagnosing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) using only single-modality images is controversial. We aimed to use multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combining structural, diffusion, and functional MRI to possibly provide a more comprehensive viewpoint on the decisive characteristics of PTSD patients. Typhoon-exposed individuals with (n = 26) and without PTSD (n = 32) and healthy volunteers (n = 30) were enrolled.

Synthesis of novel 18-glycyrrhetinic acid sulfonate derivatives displaying significant anti-oomycete activity against .

Using 18-glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) as the lead compound, fourteen GA sulphonate derivatives (-) were prepared by modifying its C-3 OH group, and their structures were well confirmed by H NMR, C NMR, HRMS and melting points. Moreover, we screened the anti-oomycete activity of these compounds against by using the mycelial growth rate method. Among the fourteen GA sulphonate derivatives evaluated, four compounds , , and exhibited more potent anti-oomycete activity than that of the positive control zoxamide (EC = 25.

Dynamic functional connectivity changes associated with decreased memory performance in betel quid dependence.

The temporal variability of the dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) has been suggested as a useful metric for studying abnormal cognitive function. This study aimed to explore the associations between the temporal properties of dFC and memory performance in betel quid dependence (BQD). Sixty-four BQD individuals and 47 gender- and age-matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging and a series of neuropsychological assessments.

Evaluation of gadolinium deposition in cortical bone using three-dimensional ultrashort echo time quantitative susceptibility mapping: A preliminary study.

The aim of the current study was to investigate the feasibility of three-dimensional ultrashort echo time quantitative susceptibility mapping (3D UTE-QSM) for the assessment of gadolinium (Gd) deposition in cortical bone. To this end, 40 tibial bovine cortical bone specimens were divided into five groups then soaked in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solutions with five different Gd concentrations of 0, 0.4, 0.

Abnormal white matter along fibers by automated fiber quantification in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Background: Abnormal white matter has been reported in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, few studies have investigated the relationship between specific damage segments and cognition in ESRD. This study aimed to delineate white matter alterations in ESRD and its relationship with cognition.

Quantitative susceptibility mapping using multi-channel convolutional neural networks with dipole-adaptive multi-frequency inputs.

Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) quantifies the distribution of magnetic susceptibility and shows great potential in assessing tissue contents such as iron, myelin, and calcium in numerous brain diseases. The accuracy of QSM reconstruction was challenged by an ill-posed field-to-susceptibility inversion problem, which is related to the impaired information near the zero-frequency response of the dipole kernel. Recently, deep learning methods demonstrated great capability in improving the accuracy and efficiency of QSM reconstruction.

A unified hybrid transformer for joint MRI sequences super-resolution and missing data imputation.

High-resolution multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is crucial in clinical practice for accurate diagnosis and treatment. However, challenges such as budget constraints, potential contrast agent deposition, and image corruption often limit the acquisition of multiple sequences from a single patient. Therefore, the development of novel methods to reconstruct under-sampled images and synthesize missing sequences is crucial for clinical and research applications.

Intravoxel incoherent motion radiomics nomogram for predicting tumor treatment responses in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) plays an important role in predicting treatment responses in patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The goal of this study was to develop and validate a radiomics nomogram based on IVIM parametric maps and clinical data for the prediction of treatment responses in NPC patients.

Methods: Eighty patients with biopsy-proven NPC were enrolled in this study.

Fully automatic classification of breast lesions on multi-parameter MRI using a radiomics model with minimal number of stable, interpretable features.

Purpose: To build an automatic computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) pipeline based on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and explore the role of different imaging features in the classification of breast cancer.

Materials And Methods: A total of 222 histopathology-confirmed breast lesions, together with their BI-RADS scores, were included in the analysis. The cohort was randomly split into training (159) and test (63) cohorts, and another 50 lesions were collected as an external cohort.