Effects of dietary supplementation of glycerol monolaurate on laying performance, egg quality, antioxidant capacity, intestinal morphology and immune function in late-phase laying hens.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of glycerol monolaurate (GML) on laying performance, egg quality, antioxidant capacity, intestinal morphology and immune function in late-phase laying hens. A total of 480 Hy-Line Variety Brown hens (age 54 wk) were randomly assigned to 5 treatments: the control group (basal diet) and 4 GML groups (basal diet supplemented with 100, 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg GML). Each treatment consisted of 8 replicates with 12 hens each and the trial lasted for 8 wk.

Multicomponent Synthesis of Isoindolinones by Rh Relay Catalysis: Synthesis of Pagoclone and Pazinaclone from Benzaldehyde.

A practical one-pot isoindolinone synthesis enabled by Rh catalysis was developed. The advantage of this protocol is that it does not require pre-preparation of amide substrates, because Rh participates in two reactions independently. This mild, operationally multicomponent process transforms a wide variety of commercially available aldehydes into the corresponding γ-lactams in good yields, thereby demonstrating that N-pyridin-2-yl benzamide is an effective directing group.

SmI-mediated reductive cyclization of β-arylthio ketones: a facile and diastereoselective synthesis of thiochroman derivatives.

SmI-mediated reductive cyclization of β-arylthio ketones to generate thiochroman derivatives is not a generally observed process and the reported examples are limited to geminal disubstitution in the substrates. The results of the current study show that the cyclization also occurs when other substitution patterns are present, affording a general approach to dihydrothiochroman-ols in good yields and high degrees of diastereoselectivity. Besides, the halogen substitution on β-aryl is tolerated in most cases here although reductive dehalogenation has been reported to predominate in the reductive cyclization process.

Crystal structure of poly[{μ-()-3-[3-(carboxyl-atometh-oxy)phen-yl]acrylato-κ,':'':'''}[μ-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1-pyrazole-κ:']cobalt(II)].

The title compound, [Co(CHO)(CHN)] , which is based on ()-3-[3-(carb-oxy-meth-oxy)phen-yl]acrylic acid (H) and 3-(pyridin-4-yl)pyrazole (pp) ligands, has been synthesized under solvothermal conditions. The dihedral angle between pyrazole and pyridine rings in the pp ligands is 23.1 (2)°.

catena-Poly[[[diaqua-(1,10-phenan-thro-line)manganese]-μ-3-[3-(carboxyl-ato-meth-oxy)phen-yl]acrylato] monohydrate].

The title compound, [Mn(C₁₁H₈O₅)(C₁₂H₈N₂)(H₂O)₂]·H₂O, was obtained under hydro-thermal conditions. The coordination environment of the Mn(II) atom is a distorted MnN₂O₄ octa-hedron defined by two N atoms from 1,10-phenanthroline, two water O atoms and two carboxyl-ate O atoms from two acrylate anions. The bis-monodentate coordination mode of the anion leads to the formation of chains propagating in [010].

catena-Poly[[[aqua-[3-(3-hy-droxy-phen-yl)prop-2-enoato]samarium(III)]-bis-[μ(2)-3-(3-hy-droxy-phen-yl)prop-2-enoato]] monohydrate].

The title Sm(III) compound, {[Sm(C(9)H(7)O(3))(3)(H(2)O)]·H(2)O}(n), was obtained under hydrothermal conditions. Its structure is isotypic with the analogous Eu complex. The latter was reported incorrectly in space group P1 by Yan et al.

Bis(2,2'-bipyridine-κN,N')bis-[3-(3-hy-droxyphenyl)propenoato-κO,O]cadmium.

The title compound, [Cd(C(9)H(7)O(3))(2)(C(10)H(8)N(2))(2)], was synthesized under mild hydro-thermal conditions. The structure of the complex mol-ecule consists of four approximately planar fragments: two 3-(3-hy-droxyphenyl)propenoate residues and two 2,2'-bipyridine ligands [largest deviation from the least-squares planes is 0.240 (1) Å for one of 3-(3-hy-droxy-phenyl)propenoate residues].

Tetrakis[μ-3-(3-hy-droxy-phen-yl)propenoato]bis-{aqua-(2,2'-bipyridine)-[3-(3-hy-droxy-phen-yl)propenoato]neodymium(III)} 2,2'-bipyridine disolvate dihydrate.

The dinuclear title compound, [Nd(2)(C(9)H(7)O(3))(6)(C(10)H(8)N(2))(2)]·2C(10)H(8)N(2)·2H(2)O, was synthesized under hydro-thermal conditions. The centrosymmetric complex consists of two nine-coordinated Nd(3+) cations, six 3-hy-droxy-cinnamate anions and two chelating 2,2'-bipyridine mol-ecules. The coordination geometry around the cations can be best described as distorted tricapped trigonal-prismatic.

Bis[μ-3-(2-hy-droxy-phen-yl)propenoato]bis-{aqua-(4,4'-bipyridine)-bis-[3-(2-hydroxy-phen-yl)propenoato]yttrium(III)} 4,4'-bipyridine disolvate.

The title compound, [Y(2)(C(9)H(7)O(3))(6)(C(10)H(8)N(2))(2)(H(2)O)(2)]·2C(10)H(8)N(2), contains two eight-coordinated Y(III) ions, which are linked by two carboxyl-ate groups from two 2-hy-droxy-cinnamate anions, leading to a centrosymmetric dinuclear structure surrounded by solvent 4,4'-bipyridine mol-ecules. It forms a three-dimensional framework connected by extensive O-H⋯O and O-H⋯N hydrogen-bonding inter-actions.

Bis(μ-naphthalene-1,8-dicarboxyl-ato-κO:O)bis-[aqua-bis-(N,N'-dimethyl-formamide-κO)copper(II)].

In the centrosymmetric dinuclear title complex, [Cu(2)(C(12)H(6)O(4))(2)(C(3)H(7)NO)(4)(H(2)O)(2)], the coordination environment of each Cu(II) atom displays a distorted CuO(5) square-pyramidal geometry, which is formed by two carboxyl-ate O atoms of two μ-1,8-nap ligands (1,8-nap is naphthalene-1,8-dicarboxyl-ate), two O atoms of two DMF (DMF is N,N'-dimethyl-formamide) and one coordinated water mol-ecule. The Cu-O distances involving the four O atoms in the square plane are in the range 1.9501 (11)-1.

Bis(2-amino-3H-benzothia-zolium) bis-(7-oxabicyclo-[2.2.1]heptane-2,3-di-carbox-yl-ato)manganate(II) hexa-hydrate.

In the crystal structure of the title salt, (C(7)H(7)N(2)S)(2)[Mn(C(8)H(8)O(5))(2)]·6H(2)O, the heterocyclic N atom of the 2-amino-benzothia-zole mol-ecule is protonated. The Mn(II) atom (site symmetry ) has a slightly distorted octa-hedral MnO(6) coordination defined by the bridging O atoms of the bicyclo-heptane unit and four carboxyl-ate O atoms of two symmetry-related and fully deprotonated ligands. The crystal packing is stabilized by N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the cations and anions and by O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds including the crystal water mol-ecules.

2-[4-(Carb-oxy-meth-yl)phen-oxy]acetic acid.

The title compound, C(10)H(10)O(5), was obtained by the reaction of 4-hy-droxy-phenyl-acetic acid with chloro-acetic acid. In the crystal, the mol-ecules form a three-dimensional network by way of inter-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonding.

catena-Poly[[[tetra-aqua-manganese(II)]-μ-4,4'-bipyridine] bis-(3-hydroxy-cinnamate) dihydrate].

The title compound, {[Mn(C(10)H(8)N(2))(H(2)O)(4)](C(9)H(7)O(3))(2)·2H(2)O}(n), was obtained by the hydro-thermal reaction of manganese chloride with mixed 3-hydroxy-lcinnamic acid (H(2)L) and 4,4'-bipyridine (4,4'-bipy) ligands. The structure contains [Mn(C(10)H(8)N(2))(H(2)O)(4)](2+) cations with the Mn(II) atoms lying on a centres of inversion and bridged into a linear chain along the a axis by 4,4'-bipy ligands, surrounded by HL(-) anions and uncoordinated water mol-ecules. Extensive O-H⋯O hydrogen-bonding and weak π-π inter-actions [centroid-centroid distance = 3.

Poly[[tetraaqua-bis(μ(3)-1H-benzimidazole-5,6-dicarboxyl-ato)dicobalt(II)] trihydrate].

The title complex, {[Co(2)(C(9)H(4)N(2)O(4))(2)(H(2)O)(4)]·3H(2)O}(n), was synthesized hydro-thermally. The unique Co(II) ion is coordin-ated in a distorted octa-hedral coordination environment by two water mol-ecules and three symmetry-related 1H-benzimid-azole-5,6-dicarboxyl-ate (Hbidc) ligands. The Hbidc ligands coordinate via a bis-chelating and mono-chelating carboxyl-ate group and by an imidazole group N atom, bridging the Co(II) ions and forming an extended two-dimensional structure in the ab plane.

Bis(μ-naphthalene-1,8-dicarboxyl-ato)bis-[aqua-(2,2'-bipyridine)zinc(II)] tetra-hydrate.

The title complex, [Zn(2)(C(12)H(6)O(4))(2)(C(10)H(8)N(2))(2)(H(2)O)(2)]·4H(2)O, is a binuclear complex with two independent Zn(II) ions in a slightly disorted trigonal bipyramidal environment, coordinated by one aqua ligand, two naphthalene-1,8-dicarboxyl-ate ligands and one 2,2'-bipyridine ligand. π-π Inter-actions [centroid-centroid distance of 3.8489 (5) Å] and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds connect the mol-ecules, forming a three-dimensional structure.

Poly[(mu2-1,3-di-4-pyridylpropane-kappa2N:N')(mu3-glutarato-kappa3O:O':O'')dizinc(II)].

The title compound, [Zn2(C5H6O4)2(C13H14N2)]n or [Zn2(glu)2(bpp)]n, is a novel zinc polymer based on mixed flexible glutarate (glu) and 1,3-di-4-pyridylpropane (bpp) ligands. The Zn(II) center has a distorted tetrahedral geometry and the central atom of the bpp ligand is located at a special site with a C2 axis passing through it. A layer is formed by Zn-glu bonding.

catena-Poly[[tetraaquamanganese(II)]-mu-4-(carboxylatomethylsulfanyl)phenoxyacetato].

The title compound, [Mn(C10H8O5S)(H2O)4]n, a one-dimensional manganese(II) complex comprising helical chains bridged by 4-(carboxylatomethylsulfanyl)phenoxyacetate ligands has been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Hydrogen-bonding interactions between adjacent chains extend the complex into a three-dimensional supramolecular architecture.

A 3-D noninterpenetrating diamondoid network of a decanuclear copper(I) complex.

The solvothermal reaction of CuCl(2).2H(2)O with pyridine-4-thiol and ethanol yielded a novel photoluminescent 3-D polymeric complex with an interesting decorated diamondoid network that is constructed of decanuclear copper(I) cluster units and mu(4)-Cl ligands. The in situ generation of CuSO(4).

Poly[aquaneodymium(III)-mu5-2-oxido-5-sulfonatobenzoato].

The title compound, [Nd(C(7)H(3)O(6)S)(H(2)O)](n) or [Nd(SSA)(H(2)O)](n) (H(3)SSA is 5-sulfosalicylic acid), was synthesized by the hydrothermal reaction of Nd(2)O(3) with H(3)SSA in water. The compound forms a three-dimensional network in which the asymmetric unit contains one Nd(III) atom, one SSA ligand and one coordinated water molecule. The central Nd(III) ion is eight-coordinate, bonded to seven O atoms from five different SSA ligands [Nd-O = 2.

4,4'-Thiodipyridinium tetrachlorocopper(II).

The title compound, (C(10)H(10)N(2)S)[CuCl(4)], was obtained by the reaction of cupric chloride with pyridine-4-thiol in a mixture of acetonitrile and tetrahydrofuran, suggesting that the desulfurization and coupling reactions of pyridine-4-thiol occurred in the presence of the Cu(2+) ion. X-ray diffraction analysis reveals the presence of one 4,4'-thiodipyridinium cation, H(2)bps(2+), and one [CuCl(4)](2-) anion. The cations interact with the anions via N-H.

Interweaving 3D network with double helical tubes filled by 1D coordination polymer chains.

The hydrothermal reaction of mellitic acid, 4,4'-bipydine, and Cu(CH(3)COO)(2).H(2)O gave rise to a novel 3D supramolecular architecture interpenetrated by three types of coordination polymer motifs. Two independent [[Cu(2)(mellitate)(4,4'-bpy)(H(2)O)(2)](2)(-)] 3D polymers incorporating helical substructures were interwoven into a 3D network with double-stranded helical tubes that host 1D linear polymers [Cu(4,4'-bpy)(H(2)O)(4)](2+)](n).

Poly[[[(1,10-phenanthroline-kappa2N,N')zinc(II)]-mu3-5-hydroxyisophthalato-kappa4O,O':O":O"'] monohydrate].

In the title compound, [[Zn(C8H4O5)(C12H8N2)].H2O]n or [[Zn(OH-BDC)(phen)].H2O]n (where OH-H2BDC is 5-hydroxyisophthalic acid and phen is 1,10-phenanthroline), the Zn atoms are coordinated by two N atoms from the phen ligands and by four O atoms from hydroxyisophthalate ligands in a highly distorted octahedral geometry, with Zn-O distances in the range 2.

A simultaneous redox, alkylation, self-assembly reaction under solvothermal conditions afforded a luminescent copper(I) chain polymer constructed of Cu3I4- and EtS-4-C5H4N+Et components (Et = CH3CH2).

A simultaneous redox, alkylation, self-assembly reaction under solvothermal conditions afforded a novel copper(I) chain polymer constructed of luminescent Cu3I4- and unprecedented EtS-4-C5H4N+Et components (Et = CH3CH2).

Poly[[diaquatris(mu6-benzene-1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylato)tris(mu2-4,4'-bipyridine)hexacopper(II)] dihydrate].

The hydrothermal reaction of an aqueous solution of Cu(CH(3)COO)(2).H(2)O, 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid and 4,4'-bipyridine gave rise to the interesting title three-dimensional polymer [[Cu(6)(btec)(3)(4,4'-bpy)(3)(H(2)O)(2)].2H(2)O](n) (btec is 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylate, C(10)H(2)O(8)(4-), and 4,4'-bpy is 4,4'-bipyridine, C(10)H(8)N(2)), in which each btec ligand links six copper(II) cations into a lamellar [Cu(6)(btec)(3)(H(2)O)(2)](n) subpolymer framework.

Tetrakis(pyridinium-2-thiolato)zinc(II) dinitrate.

The crystal structure of the title compound, [Zn(C(5)H(5)NS)(4)](NO(3))(2), consists of a [Zn(C(5)H(5)NS)(4)](2+) (C(5)H(5)NS is pyridinium-2-thiolate) cation and two nitrate anions. The central Zn(II) atom lies at a site with imposed -4 symmetry and is surrounded by four S atoms [Zn-S = 2.3371 (5) A] from four symmetrical pyridinium-2-thiolate ligands in a distorted tetrahedral geometry.