Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Involved Strategies for Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapy.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the joints and bone destruction. Because of systemic administration and poor targeting, traditional anti-rheumatic drugs have unsatisfactory treatment efficacy and strong side effects, including myelosuppression, liver or kidney function damage, and malignant tumors. Consequently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-involved therapy is proposed for RA therapy as a benefit of their immunosuppressive and tissue-repairing effects.

Microvascular endothelial cells derived from spinal cord promote spinal cord injury repair.

Neural regeneration after spinal cord injury (SCI) closely relates to the microvascular endothelial cell (MEC)-mediated neurovascular unit formation. However, the effects of central nerve system-derived MECs on neovascularization and neurogenesis, and potential signaling involved therein, are unclear. Here, we established a primary spinal cord-derived MECs (SCMECs) isolation with high cell yield and purity to describe the differences with brain-derived MECs (BMECs) and their therapeutic effects on SCI.

Multifunctional hydrogel modulates the immune microenvironment to improve allogeneic spinal cord tissue survival for complete spinal cord injury repair.

Transplantation of allogeneic adult spinal cord tissues (aSCTs) to replace the injured spinal cord, serves as a promising strategy in complete spinal cord injury (SCI) repair. However, in addition to allograft immune rejection, damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP)-mediated inflammatory microenvironments greatly impair the survival and function of transplants. In this study, we aimed to regulate the immune microenvironment after aSCT implantation by developing a functional hybrid gelatin and hyaluronic acid hydrogel (F-G/H) modified with cationic polymers and anti-inflammatory cytokines that can gelatinize at both ends of the aSCT to glue the grafts for perfect matching at defects.

Acidity-Triggered Transformable Polypeptide Self-Assembly to Initiate Tumor-Specific Biomineralization.

Biomineralization is a normal physiological process that includes nucleation, crystal growth, phase transformation, and orientation evolution. Notably, artificially induced biomineralization in the tumor tissue has emerged as an unconventional yet promising modality for malignancy therapy. However, the modest ion-chelating capabilities of carboxyl-containing biomineralization initiators lead to a deficient blockade, thus compromising antitumor efficacy.

2-BFI Provides Neuroprotection Against Fluorosis by Stabilizing Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondria Contact Sites and Inhibiting Activation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome.

2-(2-benzofu-ranyl)-2-imidazoline (2-BFI) is a drug that has attracted much attention in recent years. It has a therapeutic effect on brain diseases in animal models such as Alzheimer's disease and cerebral infarction. However, whether 2-BFI affords neuroprotection against the toxicity of fluoride, which can cross the blood-brain barrier and cause neurological dysfunction is not known.

Retraction Notice to: lncRNA CEBPA-AS1 Overexpression Inhibits Proliferation and Migration and Stimulates Apoptosis of OS Cells via Notch Signaling.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.

Osteoimmunity-Regulating Biomimetically Hierarchical Scaffold for Augmented Bone Regeneration.

Engineering a proper immune response following biomaterial implantation is essential to bone tissue regeneration. Herein, a biomimetically hierarchical scaffold composed of deferoxamine@poly(ε-caprolactone) nanoparticles (DFO@PCL NPs), manganese carbonyl (MnCO) nanosheets, gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel, and a polylactide/hydroxyapatite (HA) matrix is fabricated to augment bone repair by facilitating the balance of the immune system and bone metabolism. First, a 3D printed stiff scaffold with a well-organized gradient structure mimics the cortical and cancellous bone tissues; meanwhile, an inside infusion of a soft hydrogel further endows the scaffold with characteristics of the extracellular matrix.

[Clinical observation on plastic splint treatment of middle clavicle fracture based on a new classification].

Objective: According to 73 patients with middle clavicle fracture treated conservatively, a new classification of middle clavicle fracture was proposed, and the clinical effect of plastic splint in the treatment of middle clavicle fracture was observed.

Methods: Total 73 patients with middle clavicle fracture treated with plastic splint from September 2018 to August 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. All the patients were divided into 4 types according to the degree of fracture displacement.

The effects of cages implantation on surgical and adjacent segmental intervertebral foramina.

Objection: The overarching goal of our research was to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes with different sizes of cages implantation in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), and to evaluate the effects on surgical and adjacent segmental intervertebral foramina.

Methods: The clinical data of 61 patients were analyzed retrospectively. The radiological data included the surgical intervertebral disk space height before (H) and after surgery (H), the preoperative mean height of adjacent segments (H), the area and height of the surgical and adjacent segment foramen, the surgical segmental Cobb angle (α), and C2-7Cobb angle (α).

Down-Regulation of microRNA-30d Alleviates Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Through the Promotion of FOXO3 and Suppression of CXCL10.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are important biomarkers for the progression of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). We investigated the role of miR-30d in IDD progression through its interactions with forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) and C-X-C motif ligand 10 (CXCL10). We first measured the expression of miR-30d, FOXO3, and CXCL10 in NP cells cultured from IDD patients.

Thermogel Delivers Oxaliplatin and Alendronate for Synergistic Osteosarcoma Therapy.

The therapeutic effect of osteosarcoma (OS) has not made extraordinary progress in the past few decades. Oxaliplatin (OXA) is a widely used clinical anti-tumor drug. Recent studies have shown that OXA can trigger anti-tumor immunity by inducing immunogenic death (ICD).

Construction of an integrated human osteosarcoma database, HOsDb, based on literature mining, microarray analysis, and database retrieval.

Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequent primary malignancy of bone with a high incidence in adolescence. This study aimed to construct a publicly available, integrated database of human OS, named HOsDb.

Methods: Microarray data, current databases, and a literature search of PubMed were used to extract information relevant to human OS-related genes and their transcription factors (TFs) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), as well as methylation sites and microRNAs (miRNAs).

lncRNA CEBPA-AS1 Overexpression Inhibits Proliferation and Migration and Stimulates Apoptosis of OS Cells via Notch Signaling.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone malignancy derived from primitive bone-forming mesenchymal cells. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) expression profiles have been intensively studied for their involvement in OS. Herein, we clarify whether lncRNA CEBPA-AS1 is a regulator of NCOR2 in OS cells.

Down-regulation of RAC2 by small interfering RNA restrains the progression of osteosarcoma by suppressing the Wnt signaling pathway.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignancy of bone and is characterized by a high malignant and metastatic potential. Microarray-based differentially expressed gene screening determined RAC2 as the candidate gene related to OS. Highly expressed RAC2 and activated Wnt signaling pathway were determined in OS tissues using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot analysis.

MicroRNA-377 exerts a potent suppressive role in osteosarcoma through the involvement of the histone acetyltransferase 1-mediated Wnt axis.

It has been demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) may contribute to tumorigenesis and tumor growth in osteosarcoma (OS), which is a primary malignant tumor of bone frequently diagnosed in adolescents and young people. The purpose of our investigation was to evaluate the functional relevance of miR-377 in OS and to investigate whether the mechanism was related to the histone acetyltransferase 1 (HAT1)-mediated Wnt signaling pathway. By screening differentially expressed genes in microarray GSE47572, HAT1 was found to be a candidate gene of interest.

MicroRNA-200c promotes osteogenic differentiation of human bone mesenchymal stem cells through activating the AKT/β-Catenin signaling pathway via downregulating Myd88.

During the human bone formation, the event of osteogenic differentiation of human bone mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) is vital, and recent evidence has emphasized the important role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs. This study aims to examine the potential effects of miR-200c in osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs and understand their underlying mechanisms. HBMSCs were obtained via human bone marrow.

Electrospun Polylactide-Nano-HydroxyapatiteVancomycin Composite Scaffolds for Advanced Osteomyelitis Therapy.

The development of effective treatment for the infection and bone defect resulting from advanced osteomyelitis is an urgent task in the orthopedic clinic. To simultaneously address the issues of infection and bone defect, the multifunctional electrospun scaffolds composed of polylactide (PLA), nano-hydroxyapatite--polylactide (nHA--PLA), and antibiotic vancomycin (VAN) were developed for the treatment of advanced osteomyelitis in the present study. The composite scaffolds PLA/nHA/VAN could sustainably release VAN and exhibited excellent antibacterial activity toward .

BMP-2-releasing gelatin microspheres/PLGA scaffolds for bone repairment of X-ray-radiated rabbit radius defects.

The purpose of this research is to assess the feasibility of poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) incorporating gelatin microspheres (PLGA/GMs scaffold) for enhancing osteogenesis in vitro and at a radius defect of rabbits after X-ray radiation in vivo. After incorporating gelatin microspheres, PLGA scaffold demonstrated improved mechanical properties. Moreover, a sustained release property of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) was achieved in BMP-2-releasing PLGA/GMs scaffold.

Laden Nanofiber Capsules for Local Malignancy Chemotherapy.

In contrast to systemic chemotherapy, the local administration of chemotherapeutics potentially optimizes their accumulation in the tumor tissues and alleviates the associated systemic toxicity. However, the lack of control over the release of encapsulated drugs and their degradation represents a major challenge for local drug delivery systems. In this study, we developed a series of epirubicin (EPI)-loaded poly(ε-caprolactone)/poly(lactide--glycolide) (PCL/PLGA) nanofiber capsules with adjustable rates of drug release and degradation for local malignancy chemotherapy.

Effects of FOSL1 silencing on osteosarcoma cell proliferation, invasion and migration through the ERK/AP-1 signaling pathway.

Osteosarcoma (OS), as the most frequent primary malignancy of bone, is characterized by the presence of malignant mesenchymal cells. In the current study, our aim was to explore the possible effects Fos-like antigen-1 (FOSL1) had on the silencing regarding OS cell proliferation, invasion, and migration through the activation of the extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/activator protein-1 (AP-1) signaling pathway. After the collection of OS on top of already having the adjacent normal tissue samples, the protein positive expression rate of FOSL1 was then measured by implementing the use of immunohistochemistry and discovered that FOSL1 was robustly expressed in OS.

Mulberrin (Mul) reduces spinal cord injury (SCI)-induced apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in rats via miroRNA-337 by targeting Nrf-2.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a major reason of paralysis, disability and even death in severe cases. Mulberrin (Mul) is a major compound of ramulus mori and turned out that it has potent ability on tyrosinase inhibition. Ramulus mori has been reported to possess anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative stress and anti-apoptosis effects.

Does serum alkaline phosphatase level really indicate the prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma? A meta-analysis.

Objective: Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor that occurs in children and adolescents. Various studies have investigated the role of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level in patients with osteosarcoma but report conflicting findings. Thus, a meta-analysis to assess its prognostic value more precisely is conducted.

P53 is required for Doxorubicin-induced apoptosis via the TGF-beta signaling pathway in osteosarcoma-derived cells.

Osteosarcoma is the most common type of aggressive bone cancer. Current treatment strategies include surgical resection, radiation, and chemotherapy. Doxorubicin has been widely used as a chemotherapeutic drug to treat osteosarcoma.